BIBLE DICTIONARY + WORD STUDY
How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.
GREEK · G3690
oxos — vinegar
ὄξος, -εος (-ους), τό (ὄξύς), [in LXX: Num.6:3, Rut.2:14, Psa.69:21, Pro.25:20 (חֹמֶץ)* ;] sour wine (posca, vin-Deu pays), the ordinary drink of labourers and common soldiers: Mat.27:48, Mrk.15:36, Luk.23:36, Jhn.19:29-30.† (AS)
5 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2558
cho.mets — vinegar
vinegar
5 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →GREEK · G6926
diiēmi — to thrust out
1. to drive or thrust through a thing, with genitive, (Odyssey by Homer); also with double accusative, λόγχην δ. στέρνα (Euripides) 2. to let people go through a country, give them a passage through , (Xenophon Historicus):—; with genitive, ξυμφορὰς τοῦ σοῦ διῆκας στόματος didst let them pass through thy mouth, gavest utterance to them, (Sophocles Tragicus) 3. to send apart, to dismiss, disband , (Xenophon Historicus) 4. to dissolve : in Mid., διέμενος ὄξει having diluted it with vinegar, (Aristophanes Comicus) (ML)
0 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →GREEK · G9007
rhainō — to sprinkle
1. to sprinkle, besprinkle , ῥάσσατε (i.e. δῶμα ὕδατι) (Odyssey by Homer); αἵματι βωμόν (Euripides):—;Pass., πύργοι αἵματι ἐρράδατ᾽ (Iliad by Homer); αἵματι δ᾽ ἐρράδαται τοῖχοι (Odyssey by Homer):—;of dust, ἵπποι ῥαίνοντο κονίηι (Iliad by Homer) 2. metaphorically, ῥ. τινὰ ὕμνωι (Pindar) 3. to sprinkle , with accusative of the thing sprinkled, ῥαίνειν ἐς τὰ βλέφαρα to sprinkle (vinegar) in their eyes, (Aristophanes Comicus) (ML)
0 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →Heb. hometz, Gr. oxos, Fr. vin aigre; i.e., “sour wine.” The Hebrew word is rendered vinegar in Ps. 69:21, a prophecy fulfilled in the history of the crucifixion (Matt. 27:34). This was the common sour wine (posea) daily made use of by the Roman soldiers. They gave it to Christ, not in derision, but from compassion, to assuage his thirst. Prov. 10:26 shows that there was also a stronger vinegar, which was not fit for drinking. The comparison, “vinegar upon nitre,” probably means “vinegar upon soda” (as in the marg. of the R.V.), which then effervesces.
Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.
