BIBLE DICTIONARY + WORD STUDY
How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.
GREEK · G2942
kubernētēs — captain
κυβερνήτης, -ου, ὁ (see: κυβέρνησις), [in LXX for חֹבֵל, Eze.27:8, 27-28, Pro.23:24, 4Ma.7:1 * ;] 1. a steersman, pilot: Act.27:11, Rev.18:17. 2. Metaphorical, a guide, governor (Eur., Plat.).† (AS)
2 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →GREEK · G3490
nauklēros — captain
ναύ-κληρος, -ου, ὁ (ναῦς, κλῆρος), a shipowner, shipmaster: Act.27:11.† (AS)
1 tagged verse occurrence · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H8269
sar — ruler
1) prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain 1a) chieftain, leader 1b) vassal, noble, official (under king) 1c) captain, general, commander (military) 1d) chief, head, overseer (of other official classes) 1e) heads, princes (of religious office) 1f) elders (of representative leaders of people) 1g) merchant-princes (of rank and dignity) 1h) patron-angel 1i) Ruler of rulers (of God) 1j) warden
365 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H113
a.don — lord
1) firm, strong, lord, master 1a) lord, master 1a1) reference to men 1a1a) superintendent of household, of affairs 1a1b) master 1a1c) king 1a2) reference to God 1a2a) the Lord God 1a2b) Lord of the whole earth 1b) lords, kings 1b1) reference to men 1b1a) proprietor of hill of Samaria 1b1b) master 1b1c) husband 1b1d) prophet 1b1e) governor 1b1f) prince 1b1g) king 1b2) reference to God 1b2a) Lord of lords (probably = "thy husband, Yahweh") 1c) my lord, my master 1c1) reference to men 1c1a) master 1c1b) husband 1c1c) prophet 1c1d) prince 1c1e) king 1c1f) father 1c1g) Moses 1c1h) priest 1c1i) theophanic angel 1c1j) captain 1c1k) general recognition of superiority 1c2) reference to God 1c2a) my Lord, my Lord and my God 1c2b) Adonai (parallel with Yahweh)
285 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5387
na.si — leader
one lifted up, chief, prince, captain, leader
86 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3083
ye.ho.na.tan — Jonathan
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, only mentioned at Jdg.18.30; son of: Gershom (H1647)(?) § Jonathan or Jehonathan = "Jehovah has given" 1) a son of king Saul and a friend of David 2) a son of the high priest Abiathar and the last descendant of Eli of whom we hear 3) a nephew of David who like David slew a giant of Gath 4) an uncle of David 5) one of David's mighty warriors 6) one of David's treasurers 7) a scribe in the time of Jeremiah 8) a Levite and father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall 9) a son or descendant of Gershom, the son of Moses, and a priest to the tribe of Dan 10) a son of Kareah and a brother of Johanan; a Judaite captain after the fall of Jerusalem 11) another Judaite father of Peleth 12) father of Ebed in the time of Ezra 13) son of Asahel in the time of Ezra 14) a priest of the family of Melicu in the time of Nehemiah 15) son of Joiada and his successor to the high priesthood in the time of Nehemiah
74 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H74
av.ner — Abner
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.14.50; son of: Ner (H5369); father of: Jaasiel (H3300H) § Abner = "my father is a lamp" Saul's cousin and army captain, treacherously slain by Joab
53 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5838
a.zar.yah — Azariah
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.4.2; son of: Ahimaaz (H0290H); father of: Johanan (H3110J) § Azariah = "Jehovah has helped" 1) son of king Amaziah of Judah and king of Judah himself for 52 years; also 'Uzziah' 2) the godly friend of Daniel who Nebuchadnezzar renamed Abednego; one of the three friends who with Daniel refused to make themselves unclean by eating food from the king's table which went against the dietary laws which God had given the Jews; also one of the three who were thrown into the fiery furnace for refusing to bow down to a graven image of Nebuchadnezzar and who were saved by the angel of the Lord 2a) also, 'Abednego' (H5664 or H5665) 3) son of Nathan and an officer of Solomon; perhaps David's grandson and Solomon's nephew 4) a prophet in the days of king Asa of Judah 5) son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah and brother to 5 6) another son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah and brother to 4 7) a priest, son of Ahimaaz, grandson of Zadok and high priest in the reign of king Solomon 8) the high priest in the reign of king Uzziah of Judah 9) a priest who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah; probably same as 18 10) a Kohathite Levite, father of Joel in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah 11) a Merarite Levite, son of Jehalelel in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah 12) a Kohathite Levite, son of Zephaniah and ancestor of Samuel the prophet 13) a Levite who helped Ezra in instructing the people in the law 14) son of Jeroham and one of the temple captains of Judah in the time of queen Athaliah; probably the same as 21 15) son of Maaseiah who repaired part of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah 16) one of the leaders who returned from Babylon with Zerubbabel 17) a man who assisted in the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah; probably the same as 10 18) son of Johanan, one of the captains of Ephraim in the reign of king Ahaz of Judah 19) a Judaite, son of Ethan of the sons of Zerah 20) a Judaite, son of Jehu of the family of the Jerahmeelites and descended from Jarha the Egyptian slave of Sheshan; probably one of the captains of the time of queen Athaliah and the same as 15 21) a priest, son of Hilkiah 22) a priest, son of Johanan 23) son of king Jehoram of Judah; probably clerical error for 'Ahaziah' 24) son of Meraioth 25) son of Hoshaiah and one of the proud men who confronted Jeremiah
45 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3458
yish.ma.el — Ishmael
A man of Arabia living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.16.11; son of: Abraham (H0085) and Hagar (H1904); half-brother of: Isaac (H3327), Zimran (H2175), Jokshan (H3370), Medan (H4091), Midian (H4080), Ishbak (H3435) and Shuah (H7744); father of: Nebaioth (H5032), Kedar (H6938), Adbeel (H0110), Mibsam (H4017), Mishma (H4927), Dumah (H1746), Massa (H4854), Hadad (H2301), Tema (H8485), Jetur (H3195), Naphish (H5305), Kedemah (H6929) and Mahalath (H4258) § Ishmael = "God will hear" 1) son of Abraham and Sarah's handmaid Hagar and the progenitor of the Arabian peoples 2) son of Nethaniah and the murderer of Gedaliah 3) a Benjamite, one of the sons of Azel a descendant of Saul through Meribbaal or Mephibosheth 4) a Judaite, father of Zebadiah 5) a Judaite, son of Johanan and one of the captains who aided Jehoiada in restoring Joash to the throne 6) a priest of the family of Pashur with a foreign wife whom he was forced to put away by Ezra
44 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5057
na.gid — leader
1) leader, ruler, captain, prince 1a) ruler, prince 1b) prince-overseer 1c) ruler (in other capacities) 1d) princely things
43 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H1141
be.na.yah — Benaiah
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.18; son of: Jehoiada (H3077); father of: Ammizabad (H5990) § Benaiah = "Jehovah has built" or "Yahweh has built up" 1) one of David's mighty warriors, son of Jehoiada the chief priest, a Levite, set by David over his bodyguard, later having remained faithful to Solomon during Adonijah's attempt on the crown, was raised into the place of Joab as commander-in-chief of the army 2) the Pirathonite, an Ephraimite, one of David's thirty mighty warriors, and the captain of the eleventh monthly course 3) a Simeonite, a prince of the families of Simeon 4) a Levite in the time of David who played with a psaltery on Alamoth 5) a priest in the time of David, appointed to blow the trumpet before the ark 6) a Levite of the sons of Asaph 7) a Levite in the time of Hezekiah 8) Four Israelites in the time of Ezra who had taken strange wives 9) the father of Pelatiah
39 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3129
yo.na.tan — Jonathan
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.32; son of: Jada (H3047); brother of: Jether (H3500I); father of: Peleth (H6431H) and Zaza (H2117) § Jonathan or Jehonathan = "Jehovah has given" 1) a son of king Saul and a friend of David 2) a son of the high priest Abiathar and the last descendant of Eli of whom we hear 3) one of David's mighty warriors 4) a Levite and father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall 5) a son of Kareah and a brother of Johanan; a Judaite captain after the fall of Jerusalem 6) another Judaite 7) father of Ebed in the time of Ezra 8) son of Asahel in the time of Ezra 9) a priest of the family of Melicu in the time of Nehemiah 10) son of Joiada and his successor to the high priesthood in the time of Nehemiah
35 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2608
cha.nan.yah — Hananiah
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.28.1; son of: Azzur (H5809H) § Hananiah = "God has favoured" 1) the godly friend of Daniel whom Nebuchadnezzar renamed Shadrach; one of the three friends who with Daniel refused to make themselves unclean by eating food from the king's table which went against the dietary laws which God had given the Jews; also one of the three who were thrown into the fiery furnace for refusing to bow down to a graven image of Nebuchadnezzar and who were saved by the angel of the Lord. See also, 'Shadrach' (H07714 or H07715) 2) one of the 14 sons of Heman and chief of the 16th course 3) a general in the army of King Uzziah 4) father of Zedekiah in the time of Jehoiakim 5) son of Azur, a Benjamite of Gibeon and a false prophet in the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah 6) grandfather of Irijah, the captain of the ward at the gate of Benjamin who arrested Jeremiah on the charge of deserting to the Chaldeans 7) a head of a Benjamite house 8) son of Zerubbabel from whom Christ derived His descent also called 'Joanna' by Luke 9) one of the sons of Bebai who returned with Ezra from Babylon 10) a priest, one of the makers of the sacred ointments and incense, who built a portion of the wall of Jerusalem in the days of Nehemiah 11) head of the priestly course of Jeremiah in the days of Joiakim 12) ruler of the palace at Jerusalem under Nehemiah and also, along with Hanani, the Tirshatha's brother, entrusted with the arrangements of guarding the gates of Jerusalem 13) Two post exilic Israelites
28 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H4641
ma.a.se.yah — Maaseiah
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18 § Maaseiah = "work of Jehovah" 1) a descendant of Jeshua who had taken a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 2) a priest of the sons of Harim who had taken a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 3) a priest of the sons of Pashur who had taken a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 4) a descendant of Pahath-moab who had taken a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 5) father of Azariah 6) one who stood on the right hand of Ezra when he read the law to the people 7) a Levite who assisted when Ezra read the law to the people 8) one of the heads of the people whose descendants signed the covenant with Nehemiah 9) a Benjamite ancestor of Sallu 10) a priest who took part in the musical service at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem under Ezra 11) another priest who took part in the musical service at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem under Ezra 12) father of Zephaniah the prophet in the reign of Zedekiah 13) father of Zedekiah the false prophet in the time of Jeremiah 14) a Levite of the 2nd rank who David appointed to sound with psalteries on Alamoth 15) son of Adaiah and one of the captains of hundreds in the reign of king Joash of Judah 16) an officer of high rank in the reign of king Uzziah 17) son of king Ahaz of Judah who was killed by Zichri in the invasion of Judah by king Pekah of Israel 18) governor of Jerusalem in the reign of Josiah 19) son of Shallum and a Levite of high rand in the reign of king Jehoiakim of Judah 20) ancestor of Baruch and Seraiah and a priest
23 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3110
yo.cha.nan — Johanan
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.25.23; son of: Kareah (H7143); brother of: Jonathan (H3129L) § Johanan = "Jehovah has graced" 1) a priest during the high priesthood of Joiakim who returned with Zerubbabel 2) a Jewish captain after the fall of Jerusalem 3) the eldest son of king Josiah 4) a post-exilic prince of the line of David 5) father of Azariah, priest in Solomon's time 6) a Benjamite, one of David's mighty warriors 7) a Gadite, one of David's mighty warriors 8) a returning exile
22 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5816
uz.zi.el — Uzziel
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.18; son of: Kohath (H6955); brother of: Amram (H6019), Izhar (H3324) and Hebron (H2275B); father of: Mishael (H4332), Elizaphan (H0469), Sithri (H5644), Micah (H4318J) and Isshiah (H3449I) Also named: oz.zi.e.li (עׇזִּיאֵלִי "Uzzielite" H5817) § Uzziel = "my strength is God" 1) the 4th son of Kohath and grandson of Levi, uncle of Moses and Aaron 2) a Simeonite captain, son of Ishi, in the days of king Hezekiah of Judah 3) descendant of Bela, head of a family in the tribe of Benjamin 4) a musician of the sons of Heman in the time of David 5) a Levite of the sons of Jeduthun in the days of king Hezekiah of Judah 6) son of Harhaiah, probably a priest and a goldsmith, who took part in repairing the wall under Nehemiah
16 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H6018
om.ri — Omri
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.16; father of: Ahab (H0256) § Omri = "pupil of Jehovah" 1) king of the northern kingdom of Israel, successor to king Elah for whom he was the captain of the army; ruled for 12 years and succeeded by his infamous son Ahab 2) one of the sons of Becher the son of Benjamin 3) a descendant of Pharez the son of Judah 4) son of Michael and chief of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David
16 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H7229
rav — great
adj 1) great 1a) great 1b) great (fig of power) n 2) captain, chief
15 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H4317
mi.kha.el — Michael
A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at Num.13.13; father of: Sethur (H5639) § Michael = "who is like God" 1) one of, the chief, or the first archangel who is described as the one who stands in time of conflict for the children of Israel 2) an Asherite, father of Sethur, one of the 12 spies of Israel 3) one of the Gadites who settled in the land of Bashan 4) another Gadite, ancestor of Abihail 5) a Gershonite Levite, ancestor of Asaph 6) one of the 5 sons of Izrahiah of the tribe of Issachar 7) a Benjamite of the sons of Beriah 8) one of the captains from Manasseh who joined David at Ziklag 9) father or ancestor of Omri, chief of the tribe of Issachar in the reign of David 10) one of the sons of Jehoshaphat who were murdered by their elder brother, Jehoram 11) father or ancestor of Zebadiah, of the sons of Shephatiah
13 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H7394
re.khav — Rechab
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.4.2; son of: Rimmon (H7417B); brother of: Baanah (H1196) § Rechab = "rider" 1) father of Jehonadab in the time of king Jehu of the northern kingdom of Israel 2) father of Malchijah, a leader of the district of Beth Haccerem and repairer of the wall of Jerusalem in the time of Nehemiah 3) one of the 2 captains whom Ishbosheth took into his service and who conspired to murder him Rechabites, of Rechab "rider" adj pr 4) descendants of Rechab
13 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H6492
pe.qach — Pekah
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.15.25; son of: Remaliah (H7425) § Pekah = "opened" son of Remaliah, originally a captain of king Pekahiah of Israel, murdered Pekahiah, usurped the throne and became the 18th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
11 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →GREEK · G4755
stratēgos — officer/magistrate
στρατηγός, -οῦ, ὁ (στραός, ἄγω), [in LXX chiefly for סָגָן (always in pl.), שַׂר ;] 1. a military commander, a general (Hdt., al.). 2. A civic commander, a governor, magistrate (Hdt., Xen., al.): Act.16:20, 22 16:35-36, 38. 3. The commander of the Levitical guard of the Temple, ὁ σ. τ. ἱεροῦ (EV, captain of the Temple): Act.4:1 5:24, 26; pl., Luk.22:4, 52.† SYN.: ἄρχων (cf. EGT on Act.16:20; Ramsay, St. Paul, 217). (AS)
10 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3076
ye.ho.cha.nan — Johanan
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.12.4 § Jehohanan = "Jehovah has graced" 1) a priest during the high priesthood of Joiakim who returned with Zerubbabel 2) a high priest in the time of Ezra 3) a Levite priest who took part in the dedication of the wall in the time of Nehemiah 4) son of Tobiah 5) a Korhite Levite and one of the doorkeepers to the tabernacle in the time of David 6) a captain of Judah under king Jehoshaphat 7) an Ephraimite 8) an Israelite with a foreign wife in the time of Ezra 9) a Jewish captain after the fall of Jerusalem 10) the eldest son of king Josiah 11) a post-exilic prince of the line of David 12) father of Azariah, priest in Solomon's time 13) a Benjamite, one of David's mighty warriors 14) a Gadite, one of David's mighty warriors 15) a returning exile
10 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3395
ye.ro.cham — Jeroham
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.1.1; son of: Elihu (H0453); father of: Elkanah (H0511H) § Jeroham = "showing pity" 1) father of Elkanah and grandfather of Samuel of the house of Kohath 2) a Benjamite and the founder of a family of Benjamites 3) father or progenitor of Ibneiah and a Benjamite; maybe same as 2 4) a descendant of Aaron and a priest of the family of Immer; son of Pashur and father of Adaiah 5) another priest; maybe same as 4 6) a resident of Gedor and father of one of David's mighty warriors 7) a Danite whose son or descendant Azareel was head of the tribe in the time of David 8) father of Azariah one of the captains with Jehoiada in the time of Athaliah
10 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →(1.) Heb. sar (1 Sam. 22:2; 2 Sam. 23:19). Rendered “chief,” Gen. 40:2; 41:9; rendered also “prince,” Dan. 1:7; “ruler,” Judg. 9:30; “governor,’ 1 Kings 22:26. This same Hebrew word denotes a military captain (Ex. 18:21; 2 Kings 1:9; Deut. 1:15; 1 Sam. 18:13, etc.), the “captain of the body-guard” (Gen. 37:36; 39:1; 41:10; Jer. 40:1), or, as the word may be rendered, “chief of the executioners” (marg.). The officers of the king’s body-guard frequently acted as executioners. Nebuzar-adan (Jer. 39:13) and Arioch (Dan. 2:14) held this office in Babylon. The “captain of the guard” mentioned in Acts 28:16 was the Praetorian prefect, the commander of the Praetorian troops. (2.) Another word (Heb. katsin) so translated denotes sometimes a military (Josh. 10:24; Judg. 11:6, 11; Isa. 22:3 “rulers;” Dan. 11:18) and sometimes a civil command, a judge, magistrate, Arab. kady, (Isa. 1:10; 3:6; Micah 3:1, 9). (3.) It is also the rendering of a Hebrew word (shalish) meaning “a third man,” or “one of three.” The LXX. render in plural by tristatai; i.e., “soldiers fighting from chariots,” so called because each war-chariot contained three men, one of whom acted as charioteer while the other two fought (Ex. 14:7; 15:4; 1 Kings 9:22; comp. 2 Kings 9:25). This word is used also to denote the king’s body-guard (2 Kings 10:25; 1 Chr. 12:18; 2 Chr. 11:11) or aides-de-camp. (4.) The “captain of the temple” mentioned in Acts 4:1 and 5:24 was not a military officer, but superintendent of the guard of priests and Levites who kept watch in the temple by night. (Comp. “the ruler of the house of God,” 1 Chr. 9:11; 2 Chr. 31:13; Neh. 11:11.) (5.) The Captain of our salvation is a name given to our Lord (Heb. 2:10), because he is the author and source of our salvation, the head of his people, whom he is conducting to glory. The “captain of the Lord’s host” (Josh. 5:14, 15) is the name given to that mysterious person who manifested himself to Abraham (Gen. 12:7), and to Moses in the bush (Ex. 3:2, 6, etc.) the Angel of the covenant. (See ANGEL.)
Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.
