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Clay

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G4081

πηλός

pēlos — clay

πηλός, οῦ, ἁ [in LXX chiefly for חֹמֶר, טִיט ] 1. clay, as used by a potter: Rom.9:21 (cf. Isa.29:16, al.). 2. - βόρβορος, wet clay, mud: Jhn.9:6, 11 9:14-15 † (AS)

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GREEK · G3749

ὀστράκινος

ostrakinos — clay

ὀστράκινος -η, -ον (ὄστρακον, an earthen vessel or potsherd), [in LXX chiefly for חֶרֶשׂ ;] made of clay, earthen: 2Co.4:7, 2Ti.2:20.† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2916

טִיט

tit — mud

1) mud, clay, mire, damp dirt 1a) mud, mire 1b) clay (poetical) Aramaic equivalent: tin (טִין "common" H2917)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H1622

גִּרְגָּשִׁי

gir.ga.shi — Girgashite

Someone descended from Girgas(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577); also called in KJV: Girgasite; § Girgashite or Girgasite = "dwelling on a clayey soil" descendants of Canaan and one of the nations living east of the sea of Galilee when the Israelites entered the promised land

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GREEK · G5445

φύραμα

phurama — lump

φύραμα, -τος, τό (φυράω, to mix), [in LXX: Exo.8:3 (Exo.7:28) Exo.12:34 (מִשְׁאֶרֶת), מִשְׁאֶרֶת), Num.15:20-21 (עֲרִיסָה) * ;] that which is mixed or kneaded, a lump: of dough, Rom.11:16, 1Co.5:6-7, Gal.5:9; of clay, Rom.9:21.† (AS)

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GREEK · G2765

κεράμιον

keramion — clay jar

κεράμιον, -ου, τό (κέραμος), [in LXX: Jer.35:5 (גְּבִיעַ), etc. ;] an earthen vessel, a jar or jug: ὕδατος, Mrk.14:13, Luk.22:10.† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5513

סִינִי

si.ni — Sinite

Someone descended from Sin(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.17; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § Sinite, of Sin "thorn" or "clay" a tribe of the Canaanites descended from Canaan inhabiting the northern part of the Lebanon district

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GREEK · G2764

κεραμικός

keramikos — made of clay

κεραμικός, -ή, -όν (κέραμος), [in LXX: Dan LXX 2:41 (פֶּחָר)* ;] 1. (cl.) of a potter (e.g. γῆ). 2. In LXX and NT, = cl., κεραμεοῦς (Plut., κεράμειος, Polyb., -μαῖος, etc), earthen: Rev.2:27.† (AS)

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GREEK · G2766

κέραμος

keramos — clay roof tile

κεραμος, -ου, ὁ (κεράννυμι), [in LXX: 2Ki.17:28 (יָצַר כְּלִי)* ;] 1. potter's clay. 2. an earthen vessel. 3. a tile: Luk.5:19.† (AS)

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GREEK · G7897

καταπλάσσω

kataplassō — to plaster

to plaster over with clay, etc., (Herdotus Historicus):—;Mid., καταπλάσσεσθαι τὴν κεφαλήν to plaster one's own head, (Herdotus Historicus); τοῦτο καταπλάσσονται ὅλον τὸ σῶμα this they plaster over their whole body, (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

This word is used of sediment found in pits or in streets (Isa. 57:20; Jer. 38:60), of dust mixed with spittle (John 9:6), and of potter’s clay (Isa. 41:25; Nah. 3:14; Jer. 18:1-6; Rom. 9:21). Clay was used for sealing (Job 38:14; Jer. 32:14). Our Lord’s tomb may have been thus sealed (Matt. 27:66). The practice of sealing doors with clay is still common in the East. Clay was also in primitive times used for mortar (Gen. 11:3). The “clay ground” in which the large vessels of the temple were cast (1 Kings 7:46; 2 Chr. 4:17) was a compact loam fitted for the purpose. The expression literally rendered is, “in the thickness of the ground,”, meaning, “in stiff ground” or in clay.

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Clay in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →