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Crystal

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G2930

κρύσταλλος

krustallos — crystal

κρύσταλλος, -ου, ὁ (κρύος, frost), [in LXX: Job.38:29, Psa.147:17, Eze.1:22 (קֶרַח), etc. ;] crystal: Rev.4:6 22:1.† (AS)

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GREEK · G2929

κρυσταλλίζω

krustallizō — be clear

κρυσταλλίζω (κρύσταλλος), to shine like crystal, be crystal-clear: Rev.21:11 (ἅπ, λεγ.).† (AS)

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GREEK · G3139

μάρμαρος

marmaros — marble

μάρμαρος, -ου, ὁ (μαρμαίρω, to glisten), [in LXX: Ep. Jer.7:2 * ;] 1. any crystalline stone (Hom., Eur., al.). 2. In later writers, marble: Rev.18:12.† (AS)

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GREEK · G9171

στήλη

stēlē — a monument

1. a block of stone used as a prop or buttress to a wall , (Iliad by Homer): a block of rockcrystal, in which the Egyptian mummies were cased, (Herdotus Historicus) 2. a block or slab , bearing an inscription; and so, 3. a gravestone , (Homer), attic 4. a block or slab , inscribed with record of victories, dedications, treaties, decrees, etc., (Herdotus Historicus), attic; γράφειν τινὰ εἰς στήλην, ἀναγράφειν ἐν στήλῃ, whether for honour, or for infamy, (Herdotus Historicus):—;also the record itself, a contract, agreement , κατὰ τὴν στήλην according to agreement , (Aristophanes Comicus); στῆλαι αἱ πρὸς Θηβαίους (Demosthenes Orator) 5. a boundary post, (Xenophon Historicus):—; the turning-post at the end of the racecourse, Lat. meta, (Sophocles Tragicus) 6. for Στῆλαι Ἡρακλήιαι, see. Ἡράκλειος. (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

(Ezek. 1:22, with the epithet “terrible,” as dazzling the spectators with its brightness). The word occurs in Rev. 4:6; 21:11; 22:1. It is a stone of the flint order, the most refined kind of quartz. The Greek word here used means also literally “ice.” The ancients regarded the crystal as only pure water congealed into extreme hardness by great length of time.

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Crystal in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →