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Fairs

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H113

אָדוֹן

a.don — lord

1) firm, strong, lord, master 1a) lord, master 1a1) reference to men 1a1a) superintendent of household, of affairs 1a1b) master 1a1c) king 1a2) reference to God 1a2a) the Lord God 1a2b) Lord of the whole earth 1b) lords, kings 1b1) reference to men 1b1a) proprietor of hill of Samaria 1b1b) master 1b1c) husband 1b1d) prophet 1b1e) governor 1b1f) prince 1b1g) king 1b2) reference to God 1b2a) Lord of lords (probably = "thy husband, Yahweh") 1c) my lord, my master 1c1) reference to men 1c1a) master 1c1b) husband 1c1c) prophet 1c1d) prince 1c1e) king 1c1f) father 1c1g) Moses 1c1h) priest 1c1i) theophanic angel 1c1j) captain 1c1k) general recognition of superiority 1c2) reference to God 1c2a) my Lord, my Lord and my God 1c2b) Adonai (parallel with Yahweh)

285 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G2889

κόσμος

kosmos — world

κόσμος, -ου, ὁ [in LXX: Gen.2:1, Deu.4:19 17:3, Isa.24:21 40:26 (צבא), Exo.33:5, 6 Jer.2:32 4:30, Eze.7:20 16:11 23:40 (עֲדִי), Isa.61:10 (כְּלִי), al., Wis.2:24 and freq., Sir.6:30, al ;] 1. order (Hom., Plat., al.). 2. ornament, adornment, esp. of women (Hom., al.): 1Pe.3:3. 3. Later, the world or universe, as an ordered system (Plat., al.): Act.17:24, Rom.4:13, 1Co.3:22, Php.2:15, Heb.4:3, al. 4. In late writers only, the world, i.e. the earth (= ἡ οἰκουμένη, cf. Mat.4:8 with Luk.4:5): Mat.4:8, Mrk.16:[15], Col.2:20, 1Ti.6:7, al.; hence by meton., (a) of the human inhabitants of the world: Mat.5:14 15:38, Mrk.14:9, Jhn.1:10 4:42 12:47, Rom.3:6, 1Co.4:13, 2Co.5:19, 2Pe.2:5, al.; (b) of worldly affairs or possessions: Mat.16:26, Mrk.8:36, Luk.9:25, 1Co.7:31, 1Jn.2:16, al.; (with) in ethical sense, of the ungodly: Jhn.7:7 14:17, 27 1Co.1:21, Jas.1:27, 1Jn.4:4, al.; (d) metaphorically: ὁ κ. τῆς ἀδικίας, Jas.3:6. SYN.: αἰών, which see (cf . also Dalman, Words, 162ff.; Tr., Syn., §lix; Westc., additional note on Jhn.1:10; DB, iv, 938ff.). (AS)

149 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2451

חׇכְמָה

chokh.mah — wisdom

1) wisdom 1a) skill (in war) 1b) wisdom (in administration) 1c) shrewdness, wisdom 1d) wisdom, prudence (in religious affairs) 1e) wisdom (ethical and religious)

140 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G4680

σοφός

sophos — wise

σοφός, -ή, -όν [in LXX chiefly for חָכָם ;] skilled, clever, wise, whether in handicraft, the affairs of life, the sciences or learning: Rom.16:19, 1Co.3:10; of the learned, Rom.1:14, 22, 1Co.1:19-20 1:26-27 3:18-20; of Jewish teachers, Mat.11:25, Luk.10:21; Christian, Mat.23:34; of those en­dowed with practical wisdom, 1Co.6:5, Eph.5:15, Jas.3:13; of God, Rom.16:27; compar., τ. μωρὸν τ. θεοῦ σοφώτερον, 1Co.1:25.† SYN.: συνετός, φρόνιμος (see: σοφία, SYN.) (AS)

18 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G600

ἀποκαθίστημι

apokathistēmi — to restore

ἀπο-καθ-ίστημι (ἀποκαθιστάω, Mrk.9:12, Rec., -ιστάνω, LTTr.; cf. Act.1:6; -κατιστάνω, WH), [in LXX chiefly for שׁוּב ;] 1. to restore, i.e. to a former condition: of health, Mat.12:13, Mrk.3:5 8:25, Luk.6:10; of social or political affairs, Mat.17:11, Mrk.9:12, Act.1:6. 2. to give back, bring back: Heb.13:19 (so in π., MM, see word; cf. also Cremer, 312).† (AS)

8 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G3609

οἰκεῖος

oikeios — of one’s household

οἰκεῖος, -α, -ον (οἶκος), [in LXX for דּוֹד, שְׁאֵר, etc.; in Isa.58:7, οἰ. τοῦ σπέρματος for בָּשָׂר ;] in or of the house (opposite to ξένος, ἀλλότριος); (a) of things; τὰ οἰ., household affairs or goods; (b) of persons, of the same family or kin; as subst., οἱ οἰ., kinsmen: 1Ti.5:8; with genitive of person(s), of the family of: metaphorically, τ. θεον, Eph.2:19; τ. πίστεως (Lft., in l), Gal.6:10.† SYN,: συγγενής, ἴδιος (see Cremer, 446; Deiss., BS, 123) (AS)

3 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G4230

πραγματεία

pragmateia — affairs

πραγματία (Rec. -εία, as in cl.), -ας, ἡ (πραγματεύομαι) [in LXX for חֲשַׁל, etc. ;] 1. careful application, hard work. 2. business, occupation: pl., 2Ti.2:4.† (AS)

1 tagged verse occurrence · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G8378

ναυτικός

nautikos — mariner

1. seafaring, naval , ὁ ν. στρατός opposite to ὁ πεζός, (Herdotus Historicus); ν. λεώς (Aeschulus Tragicus); στόλος (Sophocles Tragicus); ν. ἐρείπια wrecks of ships , (Aeschulus Tragicus); ν. ἀναρχία among the seamen , (Euripides):—; τὸ ναυτικόν a navy, fleet , (Herdotus Historicus), etc. 2. of persons, skilled in seamanship, nautical , ναυτικοὶ ἐγένοντο became a naval power , (Thucydides) 3. ἡ ναυτική (i.e. τέχνη); navigation, seamanship , (Herdotus Historicus); so, τὰ ναυτικά (Plato Philosophus);—;but, τὰ ναυτικά, also, naval affairs naval power , (Thucydides) 4. at Athens, ναυτικόν technically meant money borrowed or lent on bottomry , (Xenophon Historicus), etc. (ML)

0 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

GREEK · G8757

περίστασις

peristasis — a surrounding space

1. a standing round, a crowd standing round , Lat. corona, (Theophrastus Philosophus), etc. 2. circumstances, a state of affairs , (Polybius Historicus):—;in bad sense, κατὰ τὰς π. in critical times , (Polybius Historicus) 3. outward pomp and circumstance , (Polybius Historicus) (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

(Heb. ‘izabhonim), found seven times in Ezek. 27, and nowhere else. The Authorized Version renders the word thus in all these instances, except in verse 33, where “wares” is used. The Revised Version uniformly renders by “wares,” which is the correct rendering of the Hebrew word. It never means “fairs” in the modern sense of the word.

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Fairs in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →