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Homer

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G3165

μέ

me — me

1. apostrophe for με. 2. rarely for μοι, (Homer) (ML)

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GREEK · G6063

οἶδα

oida — to know

1. to know , εὖ οἶδα I know well; εὖ ἴσθι be assured : often with accusative rei, νοήματα οἶδε, μήδεα οἶδε he is versed in counsels, (Homer); with neut. Adjs., πεπνυμένα, φίλα, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς (Homer); also with genitive, τόξων εὖ εἰδώς cunning in the use of the bow; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς (Odyssey by Homer): —; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge a debt to another, thank him , (Iliad by Homer), etc.:—;the Imperat. in protestations, ἴστω Ζεὺς αὐτός be Zeus my witness , (Iliad by Homer); doric ἴττω Ζεύς, ἴττω (Aristophanes Comicus): —; εἰδώς absolute one who knows , εἰδυίηι πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύω (Iliad by Homer); ἰδυίηισι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, (Iliad by Homer) 2. with infinitive to know how to do, (Iliad by Homer), attic 3. with the participle to know that so and so is the case, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, (Aeschulus Tragicus); τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐλθόντα (Thucydides) 4. οὐκ οἶδα εἰ, I know not whether, expresses disbelief, like Lat. nescio an non, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι (Euripides) 5. οἶδα or ἴσθι are often parenthetic, οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ (Euripides); οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, οἶσθ᾽ ὅτι, ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι, πάρειμι (Sophocles Tragicus); so, εὖ οἶδ᾽ ὅτι (Demosthenes Orator): —;in [variant datesTragica Adespota also, οἶσθ᾽ ὃ δρᾶσο; equivalent to δρᾶσον —; οἶσθ᾽ ; do —; know'st thou what? i. e. make haste and do; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς ποίησον, etc. (ML)

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GREEK · G1538

ἕκαστος

hekastos — each

1. every, every one, each, each one , Lat. quisque, (Homer), etc.; the singular is often joined with a pl. Verb, ἔβαν οἴκονδε ἕκαστος they went home every one of them , (Iliad by Homer); ἕκαστος ἐπίστασθε (Xenophon Historicus):—;the singular is also put in apposition with a pl. Noun, Τρῶας ἕκαστον ὑπήλυθε τρόμος (for Τρώων ἕκαστον)) fear seized them every one , (Iliad by Homer) 2. in plural all and each one , (Homer) 3. more definitely, εἷς ἕκαστος, Lat. unusquisque, every single one, (Herdotus Historicus), etc.:—; καθ᾽ ἕκαστον singly, by itself , Lat. singulatim, (Plato Philosophus), etc. 4. ὡς ἕκαστοι each by himself , (Herdotus Historicus), etc. (ML)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2268

חֶ֫בֶר

che.ver — Heber

A man of the tribe of Asher living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.17; son of: Beriah (H1283); brother of: Malchiel (H4439); father of: Japhlet (H3310), Shomer (H7763H), Hotham (H2369) and Shua (H7774) Also named: chev.ri (חֶבְרִי "Heberite" H2277) § Heber = "comrade" 1) the Kenite, husband of Jael, who slew Sisera by driving a nail into his temple 2) grandson of Asher from whom came the Heberites 3) father of Socho, a Judahite 4) a Benjamite 5) another Benjamite 6) a Gadite

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GREEK · G1622

ἐκτός

ektos — outside/except

1. outside , opposite to ἐντός: 2. as preposition with genitive outside, out of, far from , with genitive, (Homer): outside of, free from , (Herdotus Historicus), attic; ἐκτὸς ἐλπίδος beyond hope, Lat. praeter spem, (Sophocles Tragicus) 3. of Time, beyond , (Herdotus Historicus) 4. except , ἐκτὸς ὀλίγων (Xenophon Historicus) 5. absolute, τὰ ἐκτός external things , (Euripides) 6. with Verbs of motion, ῥίπτειν ἐκτός to throw out , (Sophocles Tragicus), etc. (ML)

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GREEK · G2788

κιθάρα

kithara — harp

κιθάρα, -ας, ἡ [in LXX chiefly for כִּנּוֹר, frequently in Psa.33:2, al.); and in (Dan.3:5, al.) for קִיתָרֹס, itself a transliteration of κίθαρις, the Homeric form of κ. (cf. CB, Dn., lviii) ;] a lyre, harp: 1Co.14:7, Rev.5:8 14:2 15:2.† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3075

יְהוֹזָבָד

ye.ho.za.vad — Jehozabad

A man of the Moabites living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.12.21; son of: Shomer (H7763) § Jehozabad = "Jehovah has endowed" 1) son of Shomer, a Moabitish woman, who murdered Joash, king of Judah 2) a Benjamite, captain of 180,000 armed men, in the days of Jehoshaphat 3) a Korhite Levite, 2nd son of Obededom, and one of the porters of the temple and of the storehouse there in the time of David

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H8106

שֶׁ֫מֶר

she.mer — Shemer

A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.16.24 § Shemer or Shamer = "preserved" 1) the owner of the hill where the city of Samaria was built 2) a Merarite Levite, son of Mahli and father of Bani 3) an Asherite, son of Heber and father of Ahi, Rohgah, Jehubbah, and Aram. Also 'Shomer'

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GREEK · G6033

ἔνθεν

enthen — hence

1. adverb: 2. Demonstr., 3. of Place, Lat. inde, thence, (Homer); ἔνθεν μὲν . ., ἑτέρωθι δέ .., on the one side and the other, (Odyssey by Homer); ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν on this side and on that , Lat. hinc illinc, (Herdotus Historicus), etc.:—; with genitive, ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν τῶν τροχῶν on both sides of the wheels, (Xenophon Historicus) 4. of Time, thereupon, thereafter , (Iliad by Homer) 5. of occasion, thence, from that point , (Odyssey by Homer) 6. Relat., for ὅθεν, 7. of Place, Lat. unde, whence, from which, (Odyssey by Homer) 8. of occasion, whence , like Lat. unde, (Aeschulus Tragicus) Hence (ML)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2369

חוֹתָם

cho.tam — Hotham

A man of the tribe of Asher living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.7.32; son of: Heber (H2268); brother of: Japhlet (H3310), Shomer (H7763H) and Shua (H7774); father of: Zophah (H6690), Imna (H3234), Shelesh (H8028) and Amal (H6000); also called Helem at 1Ch.7.35; Also named: he.lem (הֶ֫לֶם "Helem" H1987) § Hotham = "seal" 1) a man of Asher, son of Heber, of the family of Beriah 2) father of two of David's mighty warriors

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3310

יַפְלֵט

yaph.let — Japhlet

A man of the tribe of Asher living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jos.16.3; son of: Heber (H2268); brother of: Shomer (H7763H), Hotham (H2369) and Shua (H7774); father of: Pasach (H6457), Bimhal (H1118) and Ashvath (H6220) Also named: yaph.le.ti (יַפְלֵטִי "Japhletite" H3311) § Japhlet = "he will deliver" a descendant of Asher through Beriah

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H7763

שֹׁמֵר

sho.mer — Shomer

A man of the Moabites living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.12.21; father of: Jehozabad (H3075); also called Shimrith at 2Ch.24.26; Also named: shim.rit (שִׁמְרִית "Shimrith" H8116) § Shomer = "keeper" 1) son of Jehozabad or Shimrith the Moabitess and one of the conspirators who slew king Joash of Judah 2) an Asherite, son of Heber 2a) also 'Shemer'

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GREEK · G2273

ἤτοι

ētoi — whether

1. = ἦ τοι, now surely, truly, verily , (Iliad by Homer); after ἀλλ᾽ εἰ . ., nevertheless , (Iliad by Homer) 2. = ἤτοι, either in truth , followed by ἤ, or , (Herdotus Historicus), etc. (ML)

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GREEK · G2294

θάρσος

tharsos — courage/confidence

1. courage, boldness , (Homer), attic; θ. τινός courage to do a thing, (Aeschulus Tragicus) 2. that which gives courage , θάρση grounds of confidence , (Euripides) 3. in bad sense, audacity , (Iliad by Homer): compare θράσος. (ML)

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GREEK · G3033

Λιβύη

Libuē — Libya

Libya, the north part of Africa west of Egypt, (Odyssey by Homer); in later writers also for the whole Continent (ML)

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GREEK · G3044

Λίνος

Linos — Linus

1. Linos , a mythical minstrel, son of Apollo and Urania (Calliope), teacher of Orpheus, (Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus), etc. 2. as appellative, the song or lay of Linos , sung by a boy to the cithara while the vintagers are at work, Λίνον ὑπὸ καλὸν ἄειδεν sang the lovely lay of Linos in accompaniment, (Iliad by Homer):—;compare αἴλινος which is a mournful song. (ML)

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GREEK · G4193

Ποντικός

Pontikos — of Pontus

from Pontus, Pontic , (Iliad by Homer) δένδρεον, probably, the bird-cherry , (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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GREEK · G5107

τοιόσδε

toiosde — such as this

antecedent to οἷος, as ἀοιδοῦ τοιοῦδ᾽ οἷος ὅδ᾽ ἐστί of such a minstrel as is this one, (Odyssey by Homer); absolute, ἀλλ᾽ ὅδ᾽ ἐγὼ τοιόσδε here am I such as you see , (Odyssey by Homer):—;also, so great, so noble, so bad , τοιάδε λαίφη such clothes, i. e. so bad , (Odyssey by Homer); τοσόσδε καὶ τοιόσδε (Herdotus Historicus):—;also with a qualifying word, τοιόσδ᾽ ἠμὲν δέμας ἠδὲ καὶ ἔργα such both in form and works, (Odyssey by Homer):—;with the Art., ὁ τ. ἀνήρ (Aeschulus Tragicus), etc.; οἱ τοιοίδε (Sophocles Tragicus); ἐν τῷ τοιῷδε in such circumstances, (Herdotus Historicus):—;the sense is made more indefinite in τοιόσδε τις such a one, (Thucydides):—;neuter plural τοιάδε as follows , τοιαῦτα as aforesaid , (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

Heap, the largest of dry measures, containing about 8 bushels or 1 quarter English = 10 ephahs (Lev. 27:16; Num. 11:32) = a COR. (See OMER.) “Half a homer,” a grain measure mentioned only in Hos. 3:2.

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Homer in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →