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Paper

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G5489

χάρτης

chartēs — paper

χάρτης, -ου, ὁ [in LXX: Isa.8:1 A, Jer.36:2, 6 36:23 (מְגִלָּה) * ;] a sheet of paper, made of papyrus strips (see Kennedy, Sources, 42; Milligan, NTD, 10-12; DB, iv, 945 f.): II Jn 12 (Plat., Inscr.).† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H3627

כְּלִי

ke.li — article/utensil

1) article, vessel, implement, utensil 1a) article, object (general) 1b) utensil, implement, apparatus, vessel 1b1) implement (of hunting or war) 1b2) implement (of music) 1b3) implement, tool (of labour) 1b4) equipment, yoke (of oxen) 1b5) utensils, furniture 1c) vessel, receptacle (general) 1d) vessels (boats) of paper-reed

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GREEK · G975

βιβλίον

biblion — scroll

βιβλίον, -ου, τό (diminutive of βίβλος, which see), [in LXX also in the alternat. form βυβ-, chiefly for סֶפֶר and the most frequently of the cognate forms ;] 1. a paper, letter, written document: β. ἀποστασίου, bill of divorce, Mat.19:7, Mrk.10:4. 2. a book, a roll: Luk.4:17, 20 Jhn.20:30 21:25, Gal.3:10, 2Ti.4:13, Heb.9:19 10:7, Rev.1:11 5:1-9 6:14 10:8 20:12 22:7-19; β. τ. ζωῆς, Rev.13:8 17:8 20:12 21:27. † (AS)

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GREEK · G976

βίβλος

biblos — book

βίβλος, -ου, ἡ (variant form of βύβλος, the Egyptian papyrus, paper made from its fibrous coat), [in LXX for סֶפֶר, the form βύβ- being sometimes used ;] a book, a roll, used much less frequently than βιβλίον, and with a "connotation of sacredness and veneration" (MM, Exp., x), Mat.1:1 Mrk.12:26, Luk.3:4 20:42 Act.1:20 7:42 19:19; β. τ. ζωῆς, Php.4:3, Rev.3:5 20:15.† (AS)

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GREEK · G20188

βύβλος

bublos — papyrus

1. the Egyptian papyrus , the root and triangular stalk of which were eaten by the poor, (Herdotus Historicus) 2. its fibrous coats , as prepared for ropes, (Herdotus Historicus); compare βύβλινος. 3. the outer coat of the papyrus, used for writing on, hence in plural leaves of byblus , (Herdotus Historicus) 4. a paper, book , (Herdotus Historicus); in this sense more commonly written βίβλος (q. see.):—;plural βύβλα, τά, [variant datesAnthology Palantina (ML)

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GREEK · G8599

πάπυρος

papuros — papyrus (plant)

1. the papyrus , an Egyptian rush with triangular stalks: paper was made by peeling off its outer coat βύβλος); and gluing the slips together. 2. anything made of it, linen, cord , etc., [variant datesAnthology Palantina (ML)

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GREEK · G9122

σκυτάλη

skutalē — a stave

1. a staff, cudgel, club , [variant datesAnthology Palantina 2. at Sparta, a staff or baton , used as a cypher for writing dispatches:—;a strip of leather was rolled slantwise round it, on which the dispatches were written lengthwise, so that when unrolled they were unintelligible: commanders abroad had a staff of like thickness, round which they rolled these papers, and so were able to read the dispatches:—;hence σκυτάλη came to mean a Spartan dispatch , (Thucydides); and generally a message , (Pindar) derivation uncertain (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

The expression in the Authorized Version (Isa. 19:7), “the paper reeds by the brooks,” is in the Revised Version more correctly “the meadows by the Nile.” The words undoubtedly refer to a grassy place on the banks of the Nile fit for pasturage. In 2 John 1:12 the word is used in its proper sense. The material so referred to was manufactured from the papyrus, and hence its name. The papyrus (Heb. gome) was a kind of bulrush (q.v.). It is mentioned by Job (8:11) and Isaiah (35:7). It was used for many purposes. This plant (Papyrus Nilotica) is now unknown in Egypt; no trace of it can be found. The unaccountable disappearance of this plant from Egypt was foretold by Isaiah (19:6, 7) as a part of the divine judgment on that land. The most extensive papyrus growths now known are in the marshes at the northern end of the lake of Merom.

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Paper in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →