A Brighter Day Begins with His Word.

PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel

John James Given [1853-1943] · 65,123 words · 68 reading sections

SECTION 1

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 1

1'BE PULPIT COMMENTARY, EDITED JIY THJI: VERY REV. H. D. M. SPENCE, D.D., DEAS 011' GLOUCESTER; AllD BY THE REV. JOSEPH S. EXELL, M.A.. ~OE L. Jfntro'buctf.on DY REV. W. J. DEA.NE, M.A., BIICTOB OJ' ASBElf. <!Sxposftion an'll le!omflrtfcs BY REV. PROF. J. J. GIVEN, Pn.D., D.D., LA'l"J. l'KOFBBSOB OJ' BEBllB…

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SECTION 2

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 2

and is supported by the following arguments. 1. The descripti1m is too terrible to be used of any mere plague of locusts. 2. Many of the rletaih1 do not apply to the known habits oflocusts, or to the devastation caused by them, but could be used only of the attacks of hostile armies. 3. The agents in this plague are al…

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SECTION 3

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 3

ae11uming that the prophet used incongrnoue acoeeeories in order to com- plete hie picture. 8. As to the morality of the agent, proof of which the objectors find in its being called ( oh. i. 6) "a nation" (goi), and being said to have " done great things" ( oh. ii. 20 ), we may remark that the locusts are figuratively…

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SECTION 4

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 4

§ II. AUTHOR AND DATE. "Joel the son of Pethuel "(in the Septuagint," Bethuel ")....:...tha.t is all that we know for certain concerning this prophet; every othel' detail about him is inferential or conjectural. His na.me is explained by St. Jerome to mean "beginning," or "God is;" but is better interpreted "Jehova…

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SECTION 5

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 5

priest wll.f! withdrawn; so that it is oonoludecl. thitt Joel'e propheoy mu11t be Aet in the earlier part of J oash's reign, when the young king was under tute- le.ge. This would e.ooount for his not being mentioned amongst the various classes whom the prophet summons to penitence, in eh. i. and ii, Plainly, also, the …

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SECTION 6

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 6

them e.lone. 4. Hie whole prophesy is derived from the writings of previous prophets. 5. There is no order or method in hie book, because ho merely compiled "e,n eschatologice.l edifice" from the study of other authors, without any attempt at logioa.l arrangement. How false and frivolous are most of these allegations i…

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SECTION 7

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 7

1rnrceriling write1111. The idea of "fountain flowing from tho homm of t.ho Lo;-d hA.S been tak<m up and expanded by ZcchAriah (xiv. 8) and Ezekiel (xh-ii. 1, etc.); our blessed Lord himself usecl ,Toel's imagery to ad11mbr0.te the terrors of the last day; t.ho pouring forth of the Spirit is adopted by Ezekiel (xxx…

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SECTION 8

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 8

tin 11. fire• i nt<>rnlc-<I. t;o impros1 on the pC'Ople lic.kinp; tho herb; nnd ckasil, hccnueo It outa th,· wnrk of (,n,I in this visitittion its se- the whole, from 'And tho locusf: Hh1tll con- ,,,.rity, the sin thitt onuaed it, e.nd the call sume it' (Dcut. xxviii. 88)." When, how- to repnntRn<>e conveyed by it. …

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SECTION 9

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 9

"miUon" thus llpplled enpport the Bllegorica.l weight had broken off tho hra.ncheA. The Bense nny more th11.n the Homerio- • n<-xt cla.uee, which spooks of 1ru1,Mm'J it cka,n. 1 ' Even as go tho sw1uma (1itorally nationB] bare, ia explained by the Chaldee nf peeling of closely thronging bees.' 1 otf the bark, but t…

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SECTION 10

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 10

aimulat.ed, lll'lrrow. 1'he exproweiou remin<l, entirnly ooMed: the new wino wl\a ,lrled up, us of 1Mi11.h'• "wife of yontl,," and of the a.nd therefore the drink offering must needa Homeric expl'l"Bl!ion frequently tmnelllted have been given up. 'fhe mention of com " virgin or youthful IIJ)OUIMI," though more 11.nd…

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SECTION 11

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 11

panmthntloally or pused r,ver, Joy here 11 Ven. 14-20.-Arter arging the priest,, either {I) literal; while "wllhered" i1 to lead the way In the matter, he prOC0'l<l8 flguro.tlvo, and eignl/101 "ho.a eeaaed or been t11ken away;" or (2) "joy" is fl~nratife to summon all claesea of the people, and denoting the mollnA …

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SECTION 12

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 12

light, roeorted in t~ dq, of their diffio1JUy ,he bark of the 6g tree i1 of e. silvery whlte- and dist.ren We read <>f it on many ooca- neBIJ, the whole orcluuds, thu■ rifled of their eion•; for example, by King Je'.boshe.phe.t green veils, spread abroad their braocho■ in prospect. of e. hostile atte.ck by the allied…

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SECTION 13

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 13

nld of seeda thnt lol!O their germinating ing to 111'D)I, for the b-,th e.nd the p~ belong power. Megrap/wth are clods of ell,l'th, the to the same organ." In his note on P'1'1VUJth root being garwph, to wash away (Judg, v. he saye, "'l'hey are the graine of eeed tho.t 21); the noun, tharefore, denotes a clod of 1110 u…

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SECTION 14

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 14

HOMILETICS . . Ver. 1.-Tlie value of t'/1£ Divine Word. The prophet gives us no intimation of the time when he wrote, nor of the tribe to which he belonged, nor of the family of which h~ ~a.s _a mem~r; he merely mentions the name of his father, probably for sake of d1stmgu1sh1ng himself from others of the eame name. 1…

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SECTION 15

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 15

Vera. 14-20.-Oalamity removed. I. THE DISCHARGE OIJ' THE DUTIES ENJOINED IN A BIGHT WAY. After the prophet had summoned the ministers of religion to realize their responsibility and humble themselves under a due sense of sin-its sin- fulness in God's eight--he further intimates its calamitous consequences to a country,…

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SECTION 16

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 16

Ver. 9.-BeligiouB privatwnB. The old covenant was one especially characterized by human ministrations and exte~ observances and solemnities. Apart from priests and sacrifices its purposes could not have been accompliahed, and its witness to the world would ha:ve been unintelligible and vai-n. · No wonder that to the He…

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SECTION 17

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 17

Vers. 19, 20.-TrO'lllJle kads to prayer. When Scripture depicts human misery and destitution, it does not leave the matter, as though there were nothing further to say. Always a way of escape is pointed out; always a gleam of light is let in upon the darkness· always a remedy is offered for the disease whose symptom…

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SECTION 18

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 18

111. THF. mFUJKNOIC 'OF JoEt'e woBw: it would not be e&BJ' to onr•01tlml\te. Bev11ral or the lat:Pr prophet8 were indebted to him for l!~BRtivo tho11ghtl! abd. pbrOJ1ce. Potdr quotce h1R pr~phecy about the outpouring of the Holy Spirit; and John, ln hie Boolt of t.ho ,RevolRt1on, makes u110 of his image or the locue…

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SECTION 19

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 19

given to it tho widest eignification. Genere.lly used to denote abstinence from food, it may be 11.11 fairly applied to 11oy refusal of indulgence to e.nimal appetite, hr,wever Innocent such indulgence, under other circumst11Dcea, may be. The keeping of a fast in more defe~ence to a social cn11torrt or to eccleeie.stie…

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SECTION 20

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 20

01-IRcnr!', thnt hi~tnry ta'kea ACllrcel~· ,my notice of him. Such e. fe.ct 11.11 thie auggesta: 1. The distinguishing faoolty of man. Of 11.ll the creatures on oorth 1 man alone ce.n ri,ceivc cnmmuniCllt1on11 from heaven. Man &lone can t,ako in 11. "word" from tho Lord. We know not how the word e&mo unto him. 'l'he…

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SECTION 21

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 21

men by n. moth. lie cn.n Bmite e. ne.tion by e. gust of wind. He can perform hi11 purpoHcs by e.n e.rmy of locusts e.s ee.sily e.s by e. hierarchy of angels.-D. T. Vor. 6.-A call to drunkards. "Awake, ye drunke.rds, and weep! and howl, all ye drinkers of wine, bece.uee of the new wine I for it is cut off from your mo…

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SECTION 22

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 22

EXPOSITION. CHAPTER Il. thongh subsequently Moriah wns chose~ as the temple-hill Let all the inha.bitant'a of Vera. 1-11.-These veraes contain a t.he land tremble : for the day of the Lord further deseription of the calamity oooa,.: oometh, for it is nigh at hand. The' effect sioned by the locusts and the •ppeara.nc…

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SECTION 23

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 23

to " Rot !lff tho BUn;" ootnpore nap7ial, whloh iB 11pread over tha mmmtaina aA in an nab71al, a1,hal; ;whll,e ~9:iP, ls blended fJom lh&tant, for there is called the be!?innin~ of th~ Stin ill' hie going forth, booe.u~ of thffir the trilitero.ls ")'".!', a efoud, and ~.!l\t, to he h'eight; 111> then the locoate are…

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SECTION 24

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 24

nothing "'"s to be soon but a desolate wilder- wind B<'nttering flamo." Thue Thomson ness. Yea, and nothing ■hall eaoape them. aleo says, " 'l'ho noise me.de in marching (l) Thn1. is, oithor nothing she.II eeca.pe \he a.nd foraging wae like that of a hcnvy ehower locusts; or (2) Keil !'ontenile that the mean- on 11. di…

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SECTION 25

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 25

on tho suppoeitlon the.t asar,h a.ad ')abhata moue with Vll!l, to wound ; or (2) tho.t they he.ve the so.me mee.ning of 'ge.thenng"- do not cut ofl', bree.k oft", or interrupt their go.thering up, go.thering in, withdrawing. coarse. No force of arm• ce.n stay their But D. Klmchi quotes hie fe.ther (Joseph progress or s…

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SECTION 26

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 26

unless we ocropt Jorome's e:r.pln.natien as bring the people to repentance. Thus judg- follows : " It is not that ·the strength of the mellt we.a tninglod with mercy, locust• is ao groat tha.t they can mo~ the hesvene ond shake the earth, hut tbe.t to Ver. 12.-Turn JO even '\o me with aJ1 those who suffer from BUoh…

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SECTION 27

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 27

outw,ml sign without the rca!Hy of the howls such as only an Eastern hierarchy thing signilled. ll'or he iA gra.oiou1 aiul conlcl utteT, IMt~io.d of tbe mass of white meroi!ul, ■low to anger, and of great kind- mantles which they usually preaented, they ness, and repenteth him of the evil. To the we!e wrapt in black…

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SECTION 28

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 28

hie ohilllrcn, so the Lord pitieth them thnt alive to rcoovery from a dlst1'€'1!Bfnl sb1to or fear him." e.ny kind than to the remedy which effects It, Yer. l!l.-Yea, the Lord will a111wer and The " e.rmy " of this verse we still hold to 1&y unto hil people, Behol4, I will ■end yon be the trihoe of locuet.s, which, …

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SECTION 29

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 29

south, eo.st, nnd west. In mo.rking the whether temporal or spirituBI. At the eo.me quart.era of the world, the Jews faced the time, their temporal wants would be attended east, so the.t tho west we.a behind them, to, and their land fertilized by the suitable the south on thflir right hand, o.nd the north o.nd suete…

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SECTION 30

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 30

yonng juicy green or plants, tt~:;r: then they prophet to speak of both spiritual and develop into j:l~ or i~i,, graee : i.nto herb, material blessings, givbig a fuller expl>w,- :l\!!'.; and into troG, ft, ':I~ ta not tlhe plure.l tion of the latter in vers, 28-27, and 'or tho former in vcrs. 28--32 e.nd in thG lo,s…

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SECTION 31

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 31

Ver. 24 presents a. COllbut to vers. 10-,-12 oha.pter (the third) by thcmsel,ce in the of oh. I.: while the promise of corn 11,nd wine Hebrew t.ext, but in tho LXX. e.nd tha ond oil in ver. 11!, with which the present is Authorizer} Version they ooncludo eh. ii, closely oonneoted, i1 performed. The per- fects exhib…

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SECTION 32

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 32

eocinl distinction, for there is neither bond a. liteml or figurative aenae, were symbolical nor fl'(>P; without sexual distinction, for of gree.t revolutionary oba.ngea. 'fhe e:a:- there is neither me.le nor feme.le; without preSBions themselvee refteot the m\rncles of ccrernonie.l distinction, for there is neither…

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SECTION 33

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 33

or or rulere in Ohuroh 11nd etrito? By the d11y of the Lord ie 11t hand, and ae a de- original oonetitution of these luminaries, as struction from the Almi,,hty 0 shall it romll." epeoillerl in the record of Oreation, they were Again in Amos v. 18, " The day of the uotunlly rippointed to tlrn, and so naturally Lord i…

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SECTION 34

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 34

~~d nc\·cr di~ men of war, with_ a\l their training and organization, do It more thorohghlf, lhcy do their work BYBtematually, each marching according to the appointed plan· while n?ne loaves hie proper_ path or quits his allott.ed rank. Without eltlier struggling or ioetlrng, they advance directly and determinedly …

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SECTION 35

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 35

prayer deprecates the prospect of God's heritage becoming 3 reproe.ch, e.nd being ulti- mately enslaved by their heathen neighbours through feeblene1111 and destitution which had boon occ11eloned by the fal'Iiine. (i) The plea euggeeted by the prophet ro the people le twofold, 11nd forms the groond ot each petition. It…

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SECTION 36

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 36

diapleuure npon them, from which the inference he.d been either that they had forse.ken God, or that he had forgotten them; and that there had been unf&ithfulness on hi ■ side or on thein, or on both. Now, however, they have returned to hlm in penltonce and he hM reoeived them in mercy; and thus their repro&ch is rolle…

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SECTION 37

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 37

the prophet profixea to all the other promises that firet all-containing promise of th 8 coming of Christ. Buch is the wont of the pr0phets, to go on from past judgments nnd deliv:eran~cs to him who is th? Centre of a.II this cycle of ~od'e diepensa.tionH, the Bon manifest m tho flesh . . . . Him Joel speaks of 1111…

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SECTION 38

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 38

thn1 he will <lo for them." Accordingly, he now pa.!!llell from temporal lionollta to 11piriLUBI ble88ing11. I. THK Dll<PENBATION OF TRI: OOIPEL I8 A BPIBITUAL DIIIPKNBATION. To a sorely chaHtoned people euch temporal mercies IMI a.re promised in the precedlng vorees must liave been very delightful, and the great chan…

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SECTION 39

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 39

enjoyed d11ring. the age11 that he.d preceded, yet they were but droppings to the frill fluo<l of goHpel hght and gospel hollne81 that 11hall hleas our earth in the ~k,ry of the latter clay, when all that "aee the light or feel the sun" shall know the Lord and walk before him In the beauty of holine81, Thus the ble88i…

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SECTION 40

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 40

HOMILIES BY VARIOUS AUTHORS. Ver. 1.-" Sound an alarm I " The trumpet-oell was used among the Israelites both in their religious solemnities and in the conduct of war. The direction here given is that a summons should be addressed to the nation, calling upon all classes to give heed to the presence of the Lord, and to…

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SECTION 41

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 41

Yer. 13.-Bpiritual repentance. Throughout the Scriptures the one indispensable condition of man's forgiveness and of his acceptance with God, which. is insisted upon by all inspired writers, is repentance. It is, therefore, of great importance to have .l right view of this exercise or posture of the soul. I. TnuE B…

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SECTION 42

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 42

Ver. 16.-.Elden, cmd cMJd,,,.en. The oocaeion is serious. National disaster seems imminent. What ehall be done to tum away Divine anger? Let the people be sum- moned to meet in solemn assembly, and by fasts and prayers let them address them- selves to the Divine compassion. And that it may be a truly national and popu…

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SECTION 43

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 43

• Vere. 21, 22.---Joy after ,orrow. In highly figurative language the prophet apostro- phizes, the very soil of Judah, the very cattle of the field. By poetic imagining he transfers the joy of the people to the objects, inanimate and animate, by which they are surrounded. General mercies awaken general joy. ·I. •'ram …

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SECTION 44

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 44

Ver. 32.-TIMI yrorrvl,e o/ 1KJ,Watwn. As the preceding pasHge i11 claimflll by St. Peter ln the Acts, l!O thi1 le claimed by St. Pan! in his Epi11tle to the Romane, 1111 referring to the dispensation of the Mesiriah. The declaration of ,Joel is descriptive of the go1pel-the glad tidings of 1alvation adapted and publi11…

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SECTION 45

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 45

Ver. 32.-The call of the ron;vkted. The fulfilment of this prophecy took place on the Day of Pentecost. Then God poured out his Spirit from on high, and the despised disciples were inspired to speak, while multitudes were convinced of their sin against Messiah, and cried not in vain for mercy and salvation. Such res…

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SECTION 46

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 46

forsake sin, to be helped out of it instead of being helped in it. He ia <YTTIITlliacient; therefore thoroughne88 in confession is required, for he knows u11 so perfectly that we dare not dissemble, nor cloke our sins before him. And he is almighty-well able to give us the pardon and deliverance we need. Hie "name" is…

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SECTION 47

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 47

directing hiR steps back to God. Soul-reformation is not turning from one doctrine or Church, or habit to another, but turning to God, ~oing back with all lta deepest l~vo to him. But in turning there is deep moral contrition· there Is "fasting" and "weep- ing," .and" mourning," and the" rending of the hca.rt.." Sou…

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SECTION 48

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 48

lneectA, or poatllence, fBmine, or war, who but the Almighty cnn removo thorn? Men may and ought to employ means; but futile for ever will be all human elfortR withont the co-operation of Almighty power. TbiA fact ahould teach o~ ever to look tn him and him only for doliverance from evil at all times, both material and…

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SECTION 49

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 49

locusts descrihed in ~h. i.\ cann?t well be doubted. The names, drough plaoed ln a d1fforent order, are identical wtth thoB8 there specified. "ltfy greo.C army." 'l'hey am called God's great army, a name ■till gi.Ten to them by the .Arab,. Though n, soour~e lasted only one year, yet, u they not only destroyed the wh…

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SECTION 50

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 50

OHAPTER IlI. been a&lllll'ed of this victory by the pr1,pheey of Jo.hazieL Bongs ot pra.ise had preceded Vora. 1-8.-These verses deeerlho the the battle, and songs ot thanksgiving had deliverance of God's people and the deBtruc- 1ucceeded the vict.ory ; hence the place was tion of his enemies because of their injurio…

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SECTION 51

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 51

R Rn1nRn pr<winoo, Rnd ih! CIA.pite.1 levelled froo will, do or al tempt to do nnything 1tgnlnat with tlw wmm<l: then the ~oe.t diepc,yoeion me? The double q11oetlon wlt.h tJ'im instead nf 11,,, covr.n&nt pr.oplo &mong the n&tlona of im repc"te, in other word■ or ln a rnodlflod <'ommr,nced, &nd <"-0ntinuce till the …

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SECTION 52

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 52

their return to thoir own lo.nd. Tho hietorlo Iere.el, we may find their fulfllment in melt reforenco is thought by some to bo the event evente BB the following: the defeat of tho no.rro.tcd in 2 Chron. xxi. 161 17, where His Philistinee by Uzziah," when ho went forth written," Tho Lorri stirred up o.go.inet Jo- e.ncl …

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SECTION 53

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 53

orticlo, it impliea, " W}1Rt a w11.r I how great muBt then 1lgnHy " the mighty onoA of lho and tcrn'blc ! " Let all themnof war 4raw enemy." Thi.I, though 1upporlcil by the near ; Jet them oome up. The term1 bore Ohaldee, Byrla.o, Vulgate, n.nd .Joromc, la nRro Rrc tOllhuical milit11.ry tenns,1ummoning lea1 simple 11.n…

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SECTION 54

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 54

pnHage In Revelation already oited de- tight. of heaven Bra put oat. The pitchy olclea ue in favour of (1), tlie jn<lgment da.rkneu of a night in which neither moon being repreaented flret by the reBpinl( of nor et&ra appear is BUfflciently diamol end rlponod groin, aud then by trea.dinlJ grapea awful; ltill more te…

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SECTION 55

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 55

Ml"m," an)·A Kimrhi, "ehe.11 be e. R1tnct111ny, makes the clause more eymmet.rlcal with Jik,, the annctuary whioh WM forbidden to those between which it 1t1tndR. Thu■ "trunf:""'; e.nd etr,mg,mi eh11,\l not pA.Se Kimchl: "The meaning of• They ehall ftow thrnu,:h it ,my more to do injury to them A.II (go) with milk,' …

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SECTION 56

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 56

puniahed." When Jehovah thus wipea out Co-r for all the ail ver onrl thll g-nlrl that ie tho hlondgulUineaa of tho enemies of J nrlah in the wol'ld which tb,,y shnll givo 11s 11, by punieliing them with deetruotion for their re.nsom of their eonla they ahall not be oruoHics, while he exolts glorion1ly, ftne.lly, cleans…

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SECTION 57

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 57

for 11~ by MeSBiRh; and Rhall have ite complete conaummaUon In the judgment of the grent dRy. II. DEl!TRUOTION OF THE ENEMIES OF Gon'e l'IIOPLE, 1. Slmultaneo-.ia with tho yenr of t.be redeemed shall be the year of recompense for tho controversy of Zion. 'l'ho 111\h'RI ion of God's people and the destruction of the…

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SECTION 58

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 58

solemnity Bnd grBnrlcnr Rh&Jl u1ber in the day of vengeance on the wicked sinners of every clase, Cl!Jlecially Huch RB persecute and oppreBB the people of God. I. TnE PnovrnENOK OF Gon AT wo11x. Men propose, God disposes; they pursue thilir own individual ple.n11, and yet all the while they are only carrying out the …

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SECTION 59

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 59

V. PnoCJtSSION OF THE CONDEMNED OR[HINALR TO THE PLAOB OF l't11'1IBBMENT. The proph<>t bimReJr is filled with ami\Zement at the ae11embling multltudea, Ho looka on for a time in wonclor, as one ml\HB of living beings follows in quick aucceaaion another1 till at. l1tst, as if the prOCOBBion would never come to an end, h…

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SECTION 60

The Pulpit Commentary — Joel — Section 60

exorcised with apprehensions lest the storm should bunt over thorn. .A ccor,lingly, he vouchsafes to them promises to secure them against such fears and fortify them for the orrloal. I. Ih: IB THE lloPE or ms PEOPLE, Ile comforts his people 80 that the terrors of a time of great convulsions do not overwhelm them. As G…

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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.