tween baptism with water and baptism with the Holy Ghost. " I indeed baptize you with water ... but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost," Matt. 3, 11. "He that sent me to bap- tize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost," John 1, 33. " John truly baptized with water, but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost, not many days hence," Acts 1, 5. These passages not only distinguish between the baptism of water and the baptism of the Spirit, but they disconnect them. The baptism to which Acts 1, 5 refers took place on the day of Pentecost, and had nothing to do with the baptism of water. It is not denied that the one is sacramentally connected with the other ; or that the baptism of the Spirit often attends the baptism of water; but they are not inseparably connected. The one may be without the other. And in the present pas- sage there does not seem to be even an allusion to water bap- tism, any more than in Acts 1, 5. Paul does not say that we are made one body by baptism, but by the baptism of the Holy Ghost ; that is, by spiritual regeneration. Any commu- nication of the Holy Spirit is called a baptism, because the Spirit is said to be poured out, and those upon whom he is poured out, whether in his regenerating, sanctifying, or in- spiring influences, are said to be baptized. In all the passages above quoted the expression is iv irvevfiaTL, hy the Spirit^ as it is here.* It is not therefore by baptism as an external rite, but by the communication of the Holy Spirit that we are made members of the body of Christ. Unto one body means so as to constitute one body (ets, unto^ expressing the result). No matter how great may have been the previous difference, whether they were Jews or Gentiles, bond or free, by this baptism of the Spirit, all who experience it are merged into one body ; they are all intimately and organically united as par- taking of the same life. Comp. Gal. 3, 28. And this is the essential point of the analogy between the human body and the church. As the body is one because pervaded and ani- mated by one soul or principle of life, so the church is one be- cause pervaded by one Spirit. And as all parts of the body which partake of the common life belong to the body, so aU
* It may be remarked in passing that fiairriCfa^ai iv wevfian cannot mean to be immersed in the Spirit, any more than $airTl(€(T^ai vSarij Luke 3, 16, Acts 1, 5, can by possibility mean to be immersed in water.