4 it was a vain brag of king Cyrus, that caused it to be written upon his tombstone, Tiivra. vrotiTv 1vii.f4.ni, 1 could do all things ; so could Paul too, but it was ' through Christ, which strengthened him.' [Of. Arrian vi. 29 : Plutarch, Alexander, 69. — G.]
32 PRECIOUS REMEDIES [2 COR. II. 11.
Remedy (2). The second remedy against this device of Satan is, solemnly to consider of the nature of true repentance. Repentance is some other tiling than what vain men conceive.1
Repentance is sometimes taken, in a more strict and narrow sense, for godly sorrow ; sometimes repentance is taken, in a large sense, for amendment of life. Repentance hath in it three things, viz. :
The act, subject, terms.
(1.) The formal act of repentance is a changing and converting. It is often set forth in Scripture by turning. ' Turn thou me, and I shall be turned,' saith Ephraim ; 'after that 1 was turned, I repented,' saith he, Jer. xxxi. 18. It is a turning from darkness to light.
(2.) The subject changed and converted, is the whole man ; it is both the sinner's heart and life : first his heart, then his life ; first his person, then his practice and conversation. ' Wash ye, make you clean,' there is the change of their persons ; ' Put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes ; cease to do evil, learn to do well,' Isa. i. 16 ; there is the change of their practices. So ' Cast away,' saith Ezekiel, 'all your trausgresssions whereby you have transgressed ;' there is the change of the life ; ' and make you a new heart and a new spirit,' xviii. 30 ; there is the change of the heart,
(3.) The terms of this change and conversion, from, which and to which both heart and life must be changed ; from sin to God. The heart must be changed from the state and power of sin, the life from the acts of sin, but both unto God ; the heart to be under his power in a state of grace, the life to be under his rule in all new obedience ; as the apostle speaks, ' To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God,' Acts xxvi. 18. So the prophet Isaiah saith, ' Let the wicked forsake their ways, and the unrighteous man his thoughts, and let him return unto the Lord,' lv. 7.
Thus much of the nature of evangelical repentance. Now, souls, tell me whether it be such an easy thing to repent, as Satan doth suggest. Besides what hath been spoken, I desire that you will take notice, that repentance doth include turning from the most darling sin. Ephraim shall say, ' What have I to do any more with idols V Hosea xiv. 8. Yea, it is a turning from all sin to God : Ezek. xviii. 30, ' Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one of you ac- cording to his ways, saith the Lord God. Repent, and turn your- selves from 37our transgresssons ; so iniquity shall not be your ruin.
1 The Hebrew word for repentance is rOlEM"!, from 31C, which signifies to return, implying a going back from what a man had done. It notes a turning or converting from one thing to another, from sin to God. The Greeks have two words by which they express the nature of repentance, one is ptTttpikw, which signifies to be careful, anxious, solicitous, after a thing is done ; the other word, ftiravoiu, is resipiscentia, after- wit, or after-wisdom, the mind's recovering of wisdom, or growing wiser after our folly. Ab. uvoict dementia, et fara post, it being the correction of men's folly, and returning ad sanam mentem. True repentance is a thorough change both of the mind and manners ; optima et opt issinn I'tTnitentia est nova vita, saith Luther, which saying is an excellent saying. Repentance for sin is nothing worth without repentance from .sin. If thou repentest with a contradiction, saith Tertullian, God will pardon thee with a contra- diction ; if thou repentest and yet continuest in thy sin, God will pardon thee, and yet send thee to hell ; there is a pardon with a contradiction. Negative goodness serves no man's turn to save him from the axe.
2 Cor. II. 11.] against satan's devices. 33
Herod turned from many, but turned not from his Herodias, which was his ruin. Judas turned from all visible wickedness, yet he would not cast out that golden devil covetousness, and therefore was cast into the hottest place in hell. He that turns not from every sin, turns not aright from any one sin. Every sin strikes at the honour of God, the being of God, the glory of God, the heart of Christ, the joy of the Spirit, and the peace of a man's conscience; and therefore a soul truly penitent strikes at all, hates all, conflicts with all, and will labour to draw strength from a crucified Christ to crucify all. A true penitent knows neither father nor mother, neither right eye nor right hand, but will pluck out the one and cut off the other. Saul spared but one Agag, and that cost him his soul and his kingdom, 1 Sam. xv. 9. Besides, repentance is not only a turning from all sin, but also a turn- ing to all good ; to a love of all good, to a prizing of all good, and to a following after all good : Ezek. xviii. 21, ' But if the wicked will turn from all the sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die ;' that is, only negative righteousness and holiness is no right- eousness nor holiness.1 David fulfilled all the will of God, and had respect unto all his commandments, and so had Zacharias and Eliza- beth. It is not enough that the tree bears not ill fruit ; but it must bring forth good fruit, else it must be ' cut down and cast into the fire,' Luke xiii. 7. So it is not enough that you are not thus and thus wicked, but you must be thus and thus gracious and good, else divine justice will put the axe of divine vengeance to the root of your souls, and cut you off for ever. ' Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewed down and cast into the fire/ Mat. iii. 1 0. Besides, re- pentance doth include a sensibleness of sin's sinfulness, how opposite and contrary it is to the blessed God. God is light, sin is darkness ; God is life, sin is death ; God is heaven, sin is hell ; God is beauty, sin is deformity.
Also true repentance includes a sensibleness of sin's mischievous- ness ; how it cast angels out of heaven, and Adam out of paradise ; how it laid the first corner stone in hell, and brought in all the curses, crosses, and miseries, that be in the world ; and how it makes men liable to all temporal, spiritual, and eternal wrath ; how it hath made men Godless, Christless, hopeless, and heavenless.
Further, true repentance doth include sorrow for sin, contrition of heart. It breaks the heart with sighs, and sobs, and groans, for that a loving God and Father is by sin offended, a blessed Saviour afresh crucified, and the sweet comforter, the Spirit, grieved and vexed.