Arg. V. That is not to be asserted and affirmed which the Scrip- ture doth not anywhere go before us in; but the Scripture nowhere saith Christ died for all men, much less for all and every man (be- tween which two there is a wide difference, as shall be declared) : therefore, this is not to be asserted. It is true, Christ is said to give his life " a ransom for all," but nowhere for all men. And because it
246 THE DEATH OF DEATH. [JJOOK III.
is affirmed expressly in other places that he died for many, for his church, for them that believe, for the children that God gave him, for us, some of all sorts, though not expressly, yet clearly in terms equivalent, Rev. v. 9, 10, it must be clearly proved that where all is mentioned, it cannot be taken for all lielievers, all his elect, his whole church, all the children that God gave him, some of all sorts, before a universal affirmative can be thence concluded. And if men will but consider the particular places, and contain themselves until they have done what is required, we shall be at quiet, I am persuaded, in this business.
CHAPTER III.
Containing two other arguments from the person Christ sustained in this business.
Arg. VI. For whom Christ died, he died as a sponsor, in their stead, as is apparent, Rom. v. 6-8, " For when Ave were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. For scarcely for a righteous man will one die : yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. But God commendeth his love to- Avard us, in that, Avhile Ave were yet sinners, Christ died for us." Gal. iii. 13, " He Avas made a curse for us." 2 Cor. v. 21, " He hath made him to be sin for us.'' All Avhich places do plainly signify and hold out a change or commutation of persons, one being accepted in the room of the other. Noav, if he died as the sponsor or surety of them for Avhom he died, in their stead, then these tAvo things at least will folloAv: — First, That he freed them from that anger, and Avrath, and guilt of death, Avhich he underwent for them, that they should in and for him be all reconciled, and be freed from the bondage Avherein they are by reason of death; for no other reason in the Avorld can be assigned why Christ should undergo any thing in another's stead, but that that other might be freed from undergoing that which he underAvent for him. And all justice requires that so it should be ; Avhich also is expressly intimated, Avhen our Saviour is said to be eyyuog, "a surety of a better testament," Heb. vii. 22; that is, by being our priest, undergoing the " chastisement of our peace," and the burden of our " iniquities," Isa. liii. 5, G. He Avas " made sin for us, that Ave might be made the righteousness of God in him," 2 Cor. v. 21. But noAV all are not freed from Avrath and the guilt of death, and actually reconciled to God, — Avhich is to be justified through an imputation of righteousness, and a non-imputation of ini([uities; — for until men come to Christ " the Avrath of God abideth on them," John iii. 36; Avhich argueth and intimateth a non-
ARGUMENTS AGAINST UNIVERSAL REDEMPTION. 247
removal of wrath, by reason of not believing. He doth not say, it comes on them, as though by Christ's death they were freed from being under a state and condition T)f wrath, which we are all in by nature, Eph. ii. 3 ; but /xsvzi, " it remaineth," or abideth: it was never removed. And to them the gospel is a savour of death unto death, — bringing a new death and a sore condemnation, by its being despised, unto that death the guilt whereof they before lay under. Some have, indeed, affirmed that all and every one are redeemed, restored, justified, and made righteous in Christ, and by his death ; but truly this is so wretched, I will not say perverting of the Scriptures, which give no colour to any such assertion, but so direct an opposition to them, as I judge it fruitless, and lost labour, to go about to remove such exceptions (More, p. 45). Secondly, It follows that Christ made satisfaction for the sins of all and every man, if he died for them; for the reason why he undervs^ent death for us as a surety was, to make satisfaction to God's justice for our sins, so to redeem us to himself, neither can any other be assigned. But Christ hath not satisfied the justice of God for all the sins of all and every man: which may be made evident by divers reasons ; for, —
First, For whose sins he made satisfaction to the justice of God, for their sins justice is satisfied, or else his satisfaction was re- jected as insufficient, for no other reason can be assigTied of such a fruitless attempt ; which to aver is blasphemy in the highest degree. But now the justice of God is not satisfied for all the sins of all and every man ; which also is no less apparent than the former : for they that must undergo eternal punishment themselves for their sins, that the justice of God may be satisfied for their sins, the justice of God was not satisfied without their own punishment, by the punishment of Christ ; for they are not healed by his stripes. But that innume- rable souls shall to eternity undergo the punishment due to their own sins, I hope needs, with Christians, no proving. Now, how can the justice of God require satisfaction of them for their sins, if it were before satisfied for them in Christ? To be satisfied, and to re- quire satisfaction that it may be satisfied, are contradictory, and cannot be affirmed of the same in respect of the same; but that the Lord will require of some " the uttermost farthing" is most clear. Matt. V. 26.