3. All the blessings of the new covenant are procured and pur- chased by him in whom the promises thereof are ratified, and to whom they are made ; for all the good things thereof are contained in and exhibited by those promises, through the working of the Spirit of God. Now, concerning the promises of the covenant, and their being confirmed in Christ, and made unto his, as Gal. iii. 16, with what is to be understood in those expressions, was before de- clared. Therefore, all the good things of the covenant are the efiects, fruits, and purchase of the death of Christ, he and all things for
ARGUMENTS AGAINST UNIVERSAL REDEMPTION. 257
liim being tlie substance and whole of it. Farther; that faith is of the good things of the new covenant is apparent from the descrip- tion thereof, Jer. xxxi. 83, 34; Heb. viii. 10-12; Ezek. xxxvi. 25-27, with divers other places, as might clearly be manifested if we af- fected copiousness in causa facili.
4. That without which it is utterly impossible that we should be saved must of necessity be procured by him by whom we are fully and effectually saved. Let them that can, declare how he can be said to procure salvation fully and effectually for us, and not be the author and purchaser of that (for he is the author of our salvation by the way of purchase) without which it is utterly impossible we should attain salvation. Now, without faith it is utterly imjaossible that ever any should attain salvation, Heb. xi. 6, Mark xvi. 1 6 ; but Jesus Christ, according to his name, doth perfectly save us, Matt. i. 21, procuring for us " eternal redemption," Heb. ix. 12, being "able to save to the uttermost them that come unto God by him,"' chap. vii. 25 : and therefore must faith also be within the compass of those things that are procured by him.
5. The Scripture is clear, in express terms, and such as are so equi- valent that they are not liable to any evasion; as Phil. i. 29, " It is given unto us, Wsf xp/c-ou, on the behalf of Christ, for Christ's sake, to believe on him." Faith, or belief, is the gift, and Christ the pro- curer of it : " God hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in him in heavenly places," Eph. i. 3. If faith be a spiritual blessing, it is bestowed on us " in him," and so also for his sake ; if it be not, it is not worth contending about in this sense and way: so that, let others look which way they will, I desire to look unto Jesus as the " author and finisher of our faith," Heb. xii. 2. Divers other reasons, argu- ments, and places of Scripture might be added for the confirmation of this truth ; but I hope I have said enough, and do not desire to say all. The sum of the whole reason may be reduced to this head, — namely, if the fruit and effect procured and wrought by the death of Christ absolutely, not depending on any condition in man to be fulfilled, be not common to all, then did not Christ die for all ; but the supposal is true, as is evident in the grace of faith, which being procured by the death of Christ, to be absolutely bestowed on them for whom he died, is not common to all: therefore, our Saviour did not die for all.
Arg. X. We argue from the type to the antitype, or the thing signified by it; which will evidently restrain the oblation of Christ to God's elect. The people of Israel were certainly, in all remarkable taings that happened unto them, typical of the church of God ; as the apostle at large [declares], 1 Cor. x. 11. Especially, their institutions and ordinances were all representative of the spiritual things of the gospel; their priests, altar, sacrifices, were but all shadoAvs of the good
VOL. X. 17
258 THE DEATH OF DEATH. [BOOK III.
tilings to come in Jesus Cluist; tlieir Canaan was a type of heaven, Heb. iv. ,3, 9 ; as also Jerusalem or Sion, Gal. iv. 26, Heb. xii. 22. The whole people itself was a type of God's cliurch, his elect, his chosen and called people : whence as they were called a " holy people, a royal priesthood;" so also, in allusion to them, are believers, 1 Pet. ii, 5, 9. Yea, God's people are in innumerable places called his "Israel," as it is farther expounded, Hob. viii. 8. A true Israelite is as much as a true believer, John i. 47; and he is a Jew who is so in the hidden man of the heart, I hope it need not be proved that that people, as delivered from bondage, preserved, taken nigh unto God, brought into Canaan, was typical of God's spiritual church, of elect believers. Whence we thus argue : — Those only are really and spiritually redeemed by Jesus Christ who were designed, signified, typified by the people of Israel in their carnal, typical redemption (for no reason in the world can be rendered why some should be typed out in the same condition, partakers of the same good, and not others) ; but by the people of the Jews, in their deliverance from Egypt, bringing into Canaan, with all their ordinances and institu- tions, only the elect, the church of God, was typed out, as was before proved. And, in truth, it is the most senseless thing in the -world, to imagine that the Jews were under a type to all the whole world, or indeed to any but God's chosen ones, as is proved at large, Heb. ix. X. Were the Jews and their ordinances types to the seven nations whom they destroyed and supplanted in Canaan? were they so to Egyptians, infidels, and haters of God and his Christ? We conclude, then, assuredly, from that just proportion that ought to be observed between the types and the things typified, that only the elect of God, his church and chosen ones, are redeemed by Jesus Christ.