3. lULI fiUfttcttri\, u-yyihuv Tuvr.'yCpIt awei ixx\r,ffi» Vfia/roTCKMV.
* And to myriads, a genera! assembly of angels and a congre- gation of firstborn.' That is. myriafis both of angels and of firstborn. This is the view of Wolf, Itambach. Oriesbach, Bengel, Kn.ipp, Bohrae, Kuinoel, Tholuck, De Wette, Lach- mann, Theile, Bleek, Olshausen, Delitzsch, Trench, Ebrard, Alford, Dale, Maclaren, RVm.
4. XXI uuptarit otyyiKtm ; rxiftyipu Mai ixxXrffi^ Tfiatrtroxait.
' And to myriads of angels ; to the general assembly and Church of the firstborn.' This is the order of the Elzevirs, Beza, Calov, Carpzov, Storr, Joannes Gregoriua, Matthaei, Alberti, AV, RV, Kurz, Liddon, Saphir (' to the general assembly of the Church of the firstborn ones'), Liinemann, Hofmann, Cremer (who argues that only because vxvr.yupii and iKxXr.ria. both refer to the same company can the presence of m^t^yupit be accounted for ; it is an assembly, yea a festive one — an argument which would have more force if r. followed *«.), Ostervald, Angus, Rendall, WH.
6. xat'i lAupiBcfftv oiyyii^*, iretvr,yupii xai txxXriffia -rpafrorexatu,
* And to myriads of angels, a general assembly and congrega- tion of firstborn.' That is, the angels are both the general assembly and the congregation of firstborn. So Davidsnn (who argues forcibly), Moulton, Weizsacker {und Myriadi^n von EngHn, einer Festversammiung und Gemeinde von Erst- gebarenen).
The adv. 'generally' means (1) universally in every place, Jer 48^ ' There shall be lamentation generally upon all the housetops of Moab' (.i*?;, lit. ' all of it ' [see Driver on 2 S 2"] ; RV ' every where'). Cf. Art. XVII. (XXXIX. Articles), ' Fur- thermore, we must receive God's promises in such- wise, as they be generally set forth to us in Holy Scripture' (ut nobis in sacris Uteris generaliter propositi sunt*); Hooker, Eccl. Politi/, v. Iv. 1, ' God in Christ is generally the medicine, which doth cure the world'; Fr. Bk., Catechism, ' How many Sacraments hath Christ ordained in his Church t Two only, as generally necessary to salvation ' ; and Chaucer, TroUus and Criseyde, L 86—
• The noyse up roos, whan it was first aspyed, Thorugh al the toun, and generally was "spoken, That Calkas traylor fled was, and allyed With hem of Grece.'
(2) Together, as a whole, 2S 17" 'Therefore I counsel that all Israel be generally gathered unto thee ' (1?**- 1^9'!, LXX cwayb^tvos uuvax^^ffeT-ai ; Vnlg. Congregatur ad te universus populus Israel ; RV ' together '). In this sense Tindale uses ' in general (Expositions, on Mt 6'"''), ' For we must have a place to come together, to pray in general.' And from this arose the modern meaning ' on the whole.' Shaks. makes Bottom say ' generally,'
* On thl« passage Gibson remarks (The XXXIX. Artictee, ii. [1897] 486) : * The English sounds somewhat ambiguous, but there can be no doubt that "generally" here means "uni- ver«ally," i.e. of God's promises as apijfying to all men, and not, as the Calvinistic party asserted, only to a particular class, consisting of a few favourites of Heaven. This interpretation is rendered certain by the corresponding passage in the Reformatio Legum, where God's promises to the good, and threats to the evil, are spoken of as generaliter propositm in Holy Scripture. The same interpretation was pointed out by Baro in his Concio ad Cterum in 1595, in the controversy when the Lambeth articles were first projected ; and was also asserted against the Puritans by Bishop liancroft at the Hampton Court Conference. Thus the clause directly condemns the theory of particular redemption.'
' as a whole,' when lie means just tlie opposite ' individually,' Mids. A'ighl's Dream, I. ii. 2 — ' Vou were best to call them generally, man by man.'
J. Ha.stinqs.
GENERATION.— i. 'Generation' is useii in AV to tr. 1. lii dor ; Aram, "n dilr, Dn 4' ; lAX yevd, etc. ; Vulg. genera tio, etc. Dor is used (a) generally for a period, especially in the phrases dijr wadhor, etc., of liniitle.ss duration ; past, Is 51' ; future. Pa 10" ; past and future, Ps 102** ; (b) of all men livini; at any given time, Gn 6' ; (c) of a class of men with some special oliaraeteristic, Pr 30"''' of four genera- tions of bad men ; (d) in Is 38" and Ps 49'" dor is sometimes taken as 'dwelling-place.' 2. nn^'in, t6lcdh6th, from ydladh, ' beget ' or ' bear children.' LXX yiveiTis, ytiiiatii ; Vulg. generationes. ToU- i/hoth is used in the sense of (a) genealogies, Gn 5', figuratively of the account of creation, Gn 2^ : also (b) divi.noyis of a tribe, as based on genealogj', tolidhoth occurs only in the Priestly Code, in Ru 4"*, and in 1 Ch. 3. 7evfd in same sense as 1. (a), Col 1=» ; as 1. (J), Mt 24«. 4. yipc(ris = 2. (a), Mt 1', an imitation of LXX use of yiye<ris for nni'iB. 5. yivvriiio., 'otrspring' = l. (e). 6. 7^>'05, race = 1. (c).
ii. Tevta. was also loosely used in Greek as 'generation' in English, of a period of about 30 to 33 years, e.g. ' Three generations of men make a hundred years' (Herod, ii. 142). But there is no probable instance of such usajje in the Bible. OT texts, such as Gn 15"- '", Job 42'", are cited in favour of it only under a misapprehension.