• It is interesting to note that the powerful tribe of Betiawin, the Beni 'Adwan, who ran^e over the S.E. side of Jordan, still call their chief by the hereditarj- title of Dhiab = Zeeb = wolf.
t Apparently intended to mean Victim and Protection with- held. But the latter name is prob. compounded with ch^, Salm, name of a deity, of. 3IE*dSs on Aram, inscr., CIS cxiii, cxiv.
! Geich. d. Hebr. ii. p. 72. The attempt is also made in the t' xt by insertion of the words ' beyond Jordan ' at end of 7^.
§ The number 300 is common to both accounts.
II So Kautzsch, Heil. Schr. p. 263.
U Cf. 175, 1 s 21», Ho8 a* ; W. R. Smith, OTJCi p. 241. See full discussion in art. Ephod, No. 2, vol. i. p. 725 f.
•• V.80 cf. (in 4628. E.\ 15 cf. Gn 3&n p ; v. 82 cf. On 25« 16" P.
GIDEON! (-Ji-iJ 'my cutter down ').— Father of Abidan, i)rinee of Benj., Nu 1" '_'- 7*'-'* lO--" P.
GIDOM (cjnj).— The limit of the pursuit of Benjamin by the other tribes, Jg 20". Possibly the « ord is not a proper name, but may be read as an infinitive, 'till thej' cut them off' (Moore, ad lor. ). No place of the name of Gidom is mentioned el.sewhcre. LXX B has Vediv, A PoXadS (Gilead). Another variant is Gibeah or Geba.
GIER EAGLE Cgier' is the same as the German
Gi-icr, ' vulture,' ' hawk') istr°in AV of orr; (m/irim) in Lv lI'" and I)t 14", in both of which passages KV has ' vulture ' (Driver more specifically ' carrion vulture'). KV gives 'gier eagle' also as tr" of r"^D (/jrrra) in Dt 14''', where AV has 'ossifrage' (lit. ' bone breaker'). The percs is the bearded vulture or I.nmmercieier, 'the largest and most magnificent of tlie vulture tribe '(quoted by Driver, A-H^ p. Ua, from Tristram, Nat. HUt. of Bible, n. 171). The name of the rdknin is literally preserved in the Arab. rakham, i\\ePhiiraoKs Hen, A ciiphronpcri-nopterii.'i. The adult rakham has the front of the head and the ujiper part of the throat and cere naked, and of a bright lemon-yellow. The plumage is of a dirty white, except the quill feathers, which are of a greyish black. Its appearance when soaring is very striking and beautiful. It is the universal scavenger of Egj'ptian cities. It is found in great abundance also in Palestine and Syria. See Eagle. G. E. Post.
GIFT. — This, or the similar term present, is used to tr. a variety of Heb. and Gr. words, the principal of which are the following : —
1. nni^ Gn 32'^ 3.S'» (parallel to n;-i2, lit. ' bles.s- ing ' in' 33" ; cf. 1 S 30-«, 2 K 18^', Is SO'"), esp. of a gift offered by way of homage, e.rj. 1 S 10-', Ps 4,5'- (cf. the 'gifts' presented by the Magi, Mt 2"), or tribute, Jg 3"- "'•, 2 S 8-- «, 1 K 4'-i [Hcb. 5'], 1 Ch 18^ 2 Ch 26» 32^ (cf. i3;'x of Ps 72"', Ezk 27"). MinhAh is used al.so of a gift (ottering) to God, Gn 4^ 1 S 26'», Mai S-" etc., and in Ezk and P is a technical term for the ' meal-offering,' Lv 2"'- and oft., Ezk 4(1-" etc. The NT equivalent is Sujpoc, e.g. Mt 2" 5^' 8^ 23>s, He 5' 8» 9". SlJ/jo.- also answers in the LXX to i;-];; (korban), which in Ezk 20^ 40-" and frequently in Lv and Nu (but only by P) is used for an ' oblation.' See art. Copj;aN for a full account of the meaning of ' gift ' in such passages as Mt 15», Mk 7".
2. nN;7 (pi. riNv'ij) is the word u.sed of the 'mess' which Joseph gave to his brethren Gn 43**, «hich David sent to Uriah 2S 11", of the 'gifts' which Ahasuerus sent upon the occasion of his feast Est 2'*, and of the ritual oH'erings referred to in 2Ch 24«-9 and Ezk 2U*. It is used in Jer 40", along with the similar term ^n-f^ of the 'victuals' (RVm ' allowance ') and ' present' which .leremiah received from Nebuzar-adan. An allow.ance (nn^N T!?ri) of the same kind was given to the cajitive king Jehoiachin, 2K 25*' = Jer 52**. The 'exac- tions of wheat ' (•l;•n^'r■~ ) of Am 5" are ' the presents which the poor /ellahin had to offer to the grasping aristocrats out of the hard-won produce of tlieir toil ' (Driver, ad loc).
3. IS3 (from [nj 'give'), •"'iTO (in Dn 2"''« 5" Aram. «:«"), nrc (a by-form found only in 1 K 13', Pr 25'\ Ec 3" 's'*, Ezk 46»- ")• This is the most general term for 'gift.' It is used in Gn 245* and 34'^ of the present given to a bride in addition to the 'dowry' {i.e. purchase price, i?-) paid to her relatives ; in Gn 2.5' of the portions settled by Abraham on the children of his concubines (cf. the action of Jehoshaphat, 2 Ch 21') ; of gifts to tha sanctuary or to a deity, Ex 28™, Nu 18", Dt 16", Ezk 20-* (in this last of the sacrifice of children) :
in Pb 68" * of ' gifts ' in token of homage ; in Pr 15" Ec 7' of ' gifts ' intended by way of bribe ; in Dn 2"- ■■* 5" of the ' gifts ' of Nubuehadnezzar and Belshazzar.