C. "W. Wilson.
SHENAZZAR(-re!<;si; BA Zaveaap, Luc. Zava(Tdp). — A sou of Jeconiah, 1 Ch 3". See, further, Sheshb.^zzar,
SHEOL.— See Eschatology, Hades, and Hell.
SHEPHAM(D9if'; 2eir^(l/«ip; 5epAn>na).— A place on the eastern botindary of the Promised Land (Nu 34'°- "), and apparently to the north of Kiblah, now Ribleh, between B<iitlbck and Boms. The site has not yet been identilied. In the Targum of pseudo-Jonathan the name is rendered by Apaineia, but this place is much too far to the north. Per- haps Zabdi, the Shiphmite, — one of David's house- hold who was ' over the increase of the vineyards for the wine-cellars' (1 Ch 27-''), — was a native of Shepham. So Siegfried-Stade, who would vocalize "?Sif instead of 'psp. But see Siphmoth.
C. W. Wilson.
SHEPHATIAH (nejv'and '.ir-'Sr' * Jah has judged'). —1. One of David's .sons, 2 S 3MB SoSareid, A ZaipaeLi., Luc. 2a0aT(as)=l Ch 3' (B and Luc. as before, A Sa^ar/as). 2. A family of which 372 re- j>resentatives returned witli Zerubbabel, Ezr 2* (B A.(ji<p, A and Luc. i;o0aTi(i) = Neh 7' (2a0aTi(i), and 84 besides their head with Ezra, Ezr 8' (i;o<;)aT(f )id). The name appears in 1 Es 5' as Saphat and in 8^ as Saphatias. 3. A family of the 'sons of Solo- mon's servants,' Ezr 2"= Neh 7" {Za0aT(f )td). 4. The eponym of a Judahite family, Neh W* (BA 1a<f>aTti, Luc. latparlai). 5. The eponym of a Benjamite family, 1 Ch 9* (So^arid). Eitlior this or the pre- ceding should perhaps be identilied with No. 2
above. 6. A contemporary of Jeremiah, Jer 3S [Gr. 45]' (BAS i:a0aWa$, Cj* Zaipa-T, Q"8 "Za^xiTULi). 7. A Benjamite warrior who joined David at Ziklag, 1 Ch 12' (2a0aTtd, Luc. ^a^arias). 8. A Simeonite prince, 1 Ch 27" (So^arias). 9. A son of king Jehoshaphat, 2 Ch 21^ (2o0aT(E)ias).
J. A. Selbie. SHEPHELAH.— See Plain, vol. iii. p. 893 f.
SHEPHER.— Mount Shepher (•\ta in) is a station in the journeyings of the children of Israel, men- tioned only Nu 33^- **. Nothing is known about its position.
Id both verses nsd being in pause is pointed Shapher, the form that appears in AV. The LXX in B Luc. has 2«^oe/j, taking no account of ' mount,' which is represented in A by ' Apfd^xp and 1etpirK^a.p, and in F by 'A^ira^atJ ; Vulfr. has Sepher. The word (which means 'beauty ') occurs (as a noun) only in Gn 4921 'giving goodliz-woTda' (words of beauty or elegance); but see DittnianDor Spurrel], ad loc^t for an alternative rendering of this verse.
A. T. Chapman. SHEPHERD.— See Sheep
SHEPHI (•?•;'; B Stift A 2w^dp, Luc. 2ajr0f(), 1 Ch !*> ; or SHEPHO (isr ; A Z^<p, D 1u<piy, E Ziip, Luc. Zu^iav), Gn 36'-''.— A Horite chief.
SHEPHUPHAM {a^^s-i' ; BA 2w0di., Lnc. So^di-), Nu 2GS» («> ; or SHEPHOPHAN (i?!Sf ; B Za<!>ap<pi.K, A loKpav, Luc. -fir0d/i), 1 Ch 8°. — The eponym of a Benjamite family. The name appears in Gn 46*' as MUPPIM and in 1 Ch 7*^ " 26'« as Shuppim. The proper form of the name must remain doubtful. The gentilic Shuphamites ('-i:'i;c, BA o 'Zaipav{e)l, Luc. 6 Zo(!>avl) appears in Nu 26^»i<^».
SHERD.— See Potsheed.
SHEREBIAH (n;?-;?).— One of the Levites who
joined Ezra at the river Ahava, Ezr 8" (LXX om.). Along witli eleven others, he was put in charge of the silver and gold and the vessels for the temple, V.-'' (BA Zapaid, Luc. 'Zapa.plai). He assisted Ezra in the exposition of the law, Neh 8' ; took part in the public confession and thanksgiving, Q* ; and sealed the covenant, 10'-<"' (B Zapa/3id). He is named also in 12'- ■■^. In all these last passages except 10'- 1''' BA have 2a/)a/3ia, Luc. Sapo/Siat. The name appears in 1 Es S'" as ASEBEBIAS, v." EsERE- BIAS, and ff" Sarabias.
SHERESH (cHci ; B lovpo^, A 26/jo!, Luc. ^ipet, <I>6/)os). — The name of a Manassite clan, 1 Ch 7". See Manasseh, voL iii. p. 232''.
SHERIFF.— In Dn 3»- ' ' sheriffs ' is the EV tr. of Aram. KjTirfi, a word of quite uncertain meaning. Bevan and Driver regard it as improbable that it has any connexion with the Arab, afta ' to notify a decision of the law' (ptcp. mufti, ' a, jurisconsult '). This supposed connexion probably underlies the RVm ' lawyers.' Bevan thinks it possible that the word may be a mutilated form of some Persian title ending in pat ' chief.' For an account of other conjectures see Driver or Prince, ad loc. Perhaps Theod. and LXX render by oi iir' iiowiCiv, but it is impossible to be certain, as their text contains only seven names of officials as against eight in the Aramaic text. J. A. Selbie.
SHESHACH {^'^). — This name, which occurs only in Jer 25 (32) »« 51(28)« (LXX om. in both passages), is generally taken to be a designation of Babylon (cf. the parallelism in the latter pas- sage : ' How is Sheshach taken, and the praise of all the earth surprised ! How is Babylon become a desolation among the nations !'). It is probable, in fact, that Sheshach is simply a crj'ptical wav of writing Babel. By the device known as AtSash
SHESHAI
SHESHBAZZAS
493
{rzr.K) whereby K = n, : = r, and so on, the last letter of tlie Heb. alphabet being substituted for tlie first, the second last for the second, etc., "uc would be written for S^d. An example of tlie same thing should probably be discovered in 'cp zh of Jer 51 (-S) ', wliich apparently has been substituted for an original C"^;'; (LXX XaXooious). See, further, A. Berliner, Beitrdoe zur ITeb. Gramm. aus Tal- mud und Midrasch, pp. 12-14. It is right to add that Frd. Delitzsch [Paradies, 214 tr.) rejects this explanation of Sheshach, holding that it represents SisJcii-KI of an ancient Bab. regal register, which may have stood for a quarter or division (perhaps Borsippa) of the city of Babylon (cf. Lautli in r::>IlA, 1881, p. 47 f.). Schrader {A',1 T- 415 [COT ii. 108 f.]) objects that tlie name quoted bj' Delitzsch is not found in the later Bab. literature (dating from the time of Nebuchadnezzar), and that even the reading of the name Is by no means settled.