SIMILITUDE, as used in AV, usually means 'image' or Mikenes.s.' Cf. Gn \^ 'find. 'Let us nmke man in our symUitude and after ouie lyck- nesse,' and Ezk 8' Cov. (wliere the Heb. is n-jiB), ' The symilitude stretched out an honde, and toke me bv the hayrie lockes off my heade.' The words so tr^ arc (1) n-;:B (Ps 106^ 144'=), for which see under I'attkrn ; (2) .ijiCB (Nu 12', Dt 4"- "''«), for which see under Image ; and (3) niDi (2 Ch 4', Dn 10"), widch is u.sually tr^ 'likeness.'' The last is the only word tr'' 'similitude' in RV. The words tr'' ' similitude ' in NT are : ofiolu/m (Ro 5"), inoluxris (Ja .S»),* and ifioidrris (Ho 7") ; in each case RV substitutes ' likeness.' See under Pattern.
But 'similitude' occurs once in the sense of illustration, parable, proverb: Hos 12"" 'I have nmltijdied visions, and used similitudes' (•"i^Tf', from n:^ (tlie root of niD-i] 'to be like,' Piel 'to' liken'). Cf. iMt 13' Tind. 'And he spake many tliynf,'e8 to them in similitudes'; He 9* Tind. 'Which was a •imilitude for the tyme then present' ; and Lk 4^ Rhciii. ' Certes, you wil say to me this similitude, Physicion, cure iheyself.' J. Hastings.
SIMON {Zlfiuv), one of the commonest names aiiiuii^;>t tlie Jews, is a later (Greek) form of Simeon (cf. Ac 15", wliere St. James, in referring to St. Peter, u.ses tlie archaic fonn of his name). This form is naturally confined to the Apocr. and NT.
* For the distinction between iu4.t>ftt and ■.'»» see Mayor on J» 35.
i. In the Apocrypha.— The name belongs to — 1. Simon I., the higli |irie.st who succeeded Onias I. during the Ptolemaic domination (c. 300 B.C.). According to Joseplms (Ant. xil. ii. 5) he obtained the surname of ' the Just' (4 oiicaios), a designation intended, probably, to emphasize his strict legalism in opposition to the Hellenizing tendency of the majority of the high priests of the Greek period. In Fir/ce Aboth. (i. 2) he is said to have been one of the la.st of the Great Synagogue, and tlie saying is attributed to him : ' On three things the world is stayed, on the Torah, on the Worship [cf. ^ Xarpela in Ro 9'], and on the bestowal of Kind- nesses' (Taylor, Sayings of the Jeipish Fatliers^, p. 12). It is verjr doubtful, however, whether Josephus is right in identifying Simon I. with Simon the Just. Herzfeld (ii. 18911"., 377 f.) and others claim the title for — 2. Simon II. (Jos. Ant. XII. iv. 10), the successor of Onias II. (c. 2-20 B.C.). The same doubt exists as to the subject of the panegyric contained in Sir 50"''. He is designated simply 'Simon the son of Onias the high priest,' a title applicable either to Simon I. or to Simon II. The graphic description, however, contained in this passage leaves the impression on one's mind that Ben Sira (c. 180 B.C.) is speaking of an elder contemporary (Simon II.) of his own rather than of a high priest who had died a century before (Cheyne, Job and Solomon, 180 ; see, further, Kuenen, Gesam. Abhandl. 153 f.; Schurer, GJV* ii. 355 f. [IIJP II. i. 355 f.]; Graetz, 'Simon der Gerechte und seine Zeit,' in Munatsschrift, 1857, pp. 45-56). 3. A temple official who, out of ill-will lo the high priest Onias III., suggested to Seleu- CUS IV. tlie plundering of the temple treasury, 2 Mac 3'. See Heliodorus. 4. Simon the Mac- cabee. — See Maccabees, vol. iiL p. 185. S. 1 Es 9'=. See Cuosameus.
ii. In the NT.— 1, The Apostle Peter.— See Peter (Simon). 2. See Simon Magus. 3. Another of the apostles, Simon theCANAN.*;AN (which see). 4. A brother of Jesus (Mt 13", Mk 6^). It is very doubtful whether he should be identified with the Symeon who is said to have succeeded James ' the Lord's brother' as bishop of Jerusalem (Euseb HE iii. 11, iv. 22), and to have suU'ered martyrdom under Trajan (ib. iii. 32). Hegesippus, whom Euseb. protes.ses to quote, describes this Symeon as .5071 of Clopas, and calls him dxei/'iis of the Lord, while James and Jude are spoken of as the Lord's iSeXtpol. See art. Brethren of the Lord, vol. L pp. 320*. 321'>. 6. Simon ' the leper,' in whose house a woman anointed Jesus, ^It 26°, Mk 14'. The question of the identity of our Lord's host and tlie cognate questions connected with the incident of the anointing are exhaustively discussed in art. Makv, vol. iii. p. 27911'. 6. A Pharisee who invited Jesus to eat with him, Lk 7*"''. On this occasion we read that a woman that was 'a sinner' (a/iaproiXiit) anointed Jesus' feet. For the relation of this incident to the narratives of Mt 26, Mk 14, and Jn 12, see, again, art. .Mary as just cited, and cf. Bruce, Parabolic Teaching of Christ, 250 fl'. 7. The father (?) of JuDAS IsCARIOT. In all the passages (Jn 6" 13*' *•) wliere this Simon is named, the Greek text ('loilSas 'Zliiuvoi, ' Judas of Simon') leaves it uncertain what wits his relation- ship to the traitor, but the EV 'Judas the son of Simon ' is probably correct. It is very precarious to identify Simon Iscariot (Jn 6" 13-") with Simon the Cannna-an. 8. A Cyrenian, who was compelled by the Roman soldiers to bear the cross of Jesua (Mt27'", Mk 15^', Lk 23-»). He is described by St. Mark as the father of Alexander and RuFOS, names evidently well known in the early Christian Church. The story in the Gospels waa perverted by some of the Docetic sects, the Basil idians going the length of maintaining that Simon not only