The remark made respecting the family names of the Nethinim must be repeated here. They indicate a foreign origin. There can have been only a small number of persons in each of the families, as will be seen \>y dividing (he total number l)y that of the families. The spelling of the names varies slightlv in the two lists, but there is no ground for the distinction Pochercth of Zebaim (Ezr 2") and Poehereth Zehaim (Neh 1") in AV ; in both places R'V rightly reiirodmes 1'o'hereth-lia.zzebaim. The Pesh. dillers from MT in two points. At Ezr 1"' — but not at Neh 7* — it gets rid of Solomon's servants entirely, reading
y> I \> . I m iCil. JLlo ; LXX B has vloi
570
SOMEIS
SON OF GOD
•A3Sn<TfK, v.», and i-io! ' ApSr,<r(\i^i, v.". At Neh 11 it makes them dwell at Jerusalem, not m the cities of Judah. J- Tayi.ok.
SOMEIS (So/nee(!, AV Samis), 1 Es 934 = Shimei, Ezr lU^.
SOMETIME, SOMETIMES. -These forms are u<ied indiscriminately in AV, and (except bir d, ) always in the sense of 'once upon a time, . forn'ievly.' The Gr, is always "[/•,, %tS in every case : in ^^ is 5^ Col 3', Tit 3», 1 F S into ' aforetime' ; in Eph 2'' 5« into 'once ; m Col into ' in time past.' For the indiscriminate spell- | inc, cf. Melvill, Diary, Ix., ' He tuik him to rest, an'd passed oucr that haill day, sum tyme in rest, as it seimed, and sum tymes in pa.ne For some- time,' meanin- ' formerly," cf. La P Gov. Alas, how sitteth the cite so desolate, yt some tyme was full of people ?' ; and for ' sometimes,^ bhaks._ nich II I li. 54, ' Thy sometimes brother s w-ife. Abhott [Shaks. Gram. p. 51) thinks this is the meauiug also in Merch. of Venice, I. i. IbA— ' Sometimes from her eyea I did receive fair speechless messages. In the mod. sense of ' occasionally ' the only example in AV is Sir 37" (Gr ^Wore) But that meaning was quite common at the time. Ihus Elyot, Governour, ii. 225, ' feome tyme it [Jde^^ may be called faythe, some tyme credence, other whyles truste' ; Tindale, Expos. 30, ' Centnrion is a /aptain of a hundred men ; whom I call some- time a centurion, but for the '^ost VB.yt^\mudeT. captain." •*• HASTINGS.
SON.— See Family.
SON OF GOD.—
Une of the title ' Son of God' In—
L OT iND JBWISU WeITINOS.
\. OT. — Title applied to : (o) angels ; (6) judges or rulere ;
(c) the theocratic king ;
(d) the theocratic people ;
(e) the Messiah— Ps 89 and PI 1. 8. Jewish Writings :— . . ^
(i.) Apocr\-plia and Pseudepigraph*. (u.) The Tahnud. n. NT.
1. Tlie Gospels. . „ j ,
(a) Use of the term ' Son ol God." (i.) Incidental uses, (li.) St. Peter's confession, (iii.) The voice from heaven at the Eapuum and at the Transfiguration : (a) The textual question. (^) Nature of the manifestation. (6) The correlative terms ' Father' and ' Son.' t. Rest of NT. „ _. ,
(11) The title ' Son of God. ((/) The titles ' Father ' and ' Bon. Note on the use of t«7[ Oisi. 8. The significance of tlicse titles— , _, u
(a) For contemporaries, Jewish and non-Jewun- (i.) The populace, (li.) The centurion, (lii.) The ruling classes, (iv.) The disciples. (6) For Jesus Himself—
(i.) The filial consciousneM of Jesua. (ii.) The testimony of the Father. (iii.) Mcssiahship and DivinltJ. (iv.) Pre-existence. (e) For the j^postles— Hel'-3.
Col 1I'S|.15.
Note on "the' origin of the CSirtatUui tue of the tlUe ' Son of God.' m. TnE Earlv CmKcii.
1. The sub- Apostolic Fathers. . , ^^ . ., _, ~ . Note on the meaning of ' SOD ' In the ApoeUef" Creed.
2. Marcellus of Ancyra.
Conclusion. Literature.
I The Old Testament and Jewish WRmNos. .-"The history of the term * Son of God ' in the pre-
Christian period is the historj- of a gradual height- ening' and concentration of meaning in connexion with" the culminating point of biblical revel.ation. The use of the term is at first rather poetic or rhetorical than in the strict sense theological. It is iipplied to a number of objects m such a way aa to invest them with a special dignity and value, or to liint at a special relation of nearness and appre- ciation on the part of God ; but it did not denote any essential partaking in the Divine nature. Unly in Christian times does this latter sense come to
attach to it.
1 OLD TESTAMENT. — In OT the phrase, or something like it, is used of angels, of human iud"es of the theocratic king, of th^ theocratic people, and of the Messiah. It is this last use which is taken up and further developed in Chris- tianity. , , r- r" 4
(f() In the first passage that meets us, Gn b- (ascribed to the 9tli cent, document J), the terin is applied to the race of demigods or angels beings which is conceived as existing before the Flood.
This passaste proved rather a stumbling-block to the later Jewish efe^sis, and was variously explained. The mambody of Septuagint MSS (K B are not extant) tr. hterally « "- ■"<> e,.Z (so also Theodotion). A group, in=""l"'g.,t',''"f,'M''^^ this (in v.2 but not in v.-i) as ..' aw'.x*. Aquila tr. si 1 more literaUy .; .^i -rS. e^S., leaving an opening, as .t wouKi seem.