E. Hull.
• Biet, Augiinl. .Trri'p. p. 180.
t Decline anil Fall, i. 391. | lb. i. .SOS.
( Decline and Full, i. 41)0 ; tho history- of Zenobia and Palm^-ra is Uikeri principally from the writintoi of I'ollio ; Vopnieus in Hint. Auijluit. I. ; a ni04lcm romance, Zenobia, or the Fall ojl I'almyra, bv Rev. W. Ware (11*^4). will reiwy perusal. See also Wri(fht, I'atmifra and Zenobia, 1895.
II An exccltent plan of Palmvra, taken from K. Wood's Iluinee de I'almyre, will t>e found tn Baedeker's Paleetine and Si/ria ; and in Murray's Sifria and Palestine, one of less merit.
674
TAHAN
TAKE
TAHAN (inc.). -The eponymous l>ead of an Ephraimite clan, Nu 26«<^> (Td.ax), 1 Ch .-^ 15 A eL, Luc. eda.). The gentihc na.>ie Tahanites Cqjn, A Ta«ix(£)l) occurs in Nu 2&^^^K
TAHASH (»nn, T6xos).— A son of Nahor by his concn.bine Rlv.nVah, tin 22- [J]. T'.e name rn^xn^ ' porpoise,' and this animal was prohal>ly the totem of the (unidentilied) tribe that bore it.
TSH&TH (nnnl —1. A Kohathite Levite, 1 Ch 6J,H.".f) (B l."n ■ A.' sup ras eaaO) - -"e^- -) (BA eiad). 2. 3. The eponym of two (un ess the nami has been accidentally repeated) bphra.m.te families, 1 Ch 7* (A [only hrst time] eiad, B om. both times).
TAHATH (nnn ; BA Luc. KardaS, F KaTedaff).— One of the twelve stations in the joumeyin^'s of the chUdren of Israel which are "-«"t'oned only in Nu 33. It comes between Makhelotj. and Terab (v.»'-), and, like them, has not been ideiitilied.
TAHCHEMONITE, AV Tachmonlte.— See h.\CH-
MONI.
TAHPANHES, TEHAPHNEHES (cnj^nij Jer 43'«- 441 46" D-Jcnn E/.k 30'«, Disnn [text, error] in Kcthib/i of Jer 2>«,"To0.ds, Ta0.a().-A city on the E frontier of Lower E<^YPt. There is no doubt that it is the same place t\iat was known to classical ^vnters as Daphna?. The etym. of the name is unknown and no hieroRlyphic equivalent has yet been found. It seems lively, however, that this ronticr city was named ' thel)eg™ii>? "^ ^he . . . (?)' Ta-lud-p . . . ?). The modem name. Tell Defneh (often mis-spelled Defeneh or Dc/enneh on maps) is very close to the Greek The site is now a desolate mound on the edge of the desert, and but little removcl from the brSckish swamp of Lake Menzaleh. Pornierly this district was to a great extent ciiltivated, bemj, irrigated and drained by the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, now silted up. Pelusnim, situate at the mouth of the Nile and surrounded by swamps, was nearly 20 miles away, riimlcrs Petrie excavated the site for the Egyp. Expl. Fund, and has demon- strated much of its history. One mound is appar- ently Ptolemaic and Roman, showing where the Daphno of the Rom. itineraries had been. Another mound, still apparently bearing a name connectmg it with the Jews, contained remains of a palace or citadel destroyed by tire, which stood in the midst of a great camp. In the camp and fortress were found amongst other things thousands of arrow- heads, of small weights, and many fragments of fine Gr. and Egyp. pottery ; while in the founda- tions of the central building were plaques inscribed with the name of the builder, Psammetichus 1. This kinn', the founder of the Saite dynasty (B.C. 0R4) is recorded by Herodotus (ii. 30) to have estab- lished a garrison at Daphne as one of three chief frontier posts, and the Greek objects found there show that Herodotus was referring to the same place when he mentions (ii. 154) that Psammetichus established a camp of lonians in this region 1 he number and variety of the weights allord some indication of the amount of trade and money- ' changing that must have gone on here. It is very unfortunate that no ihscriptions of importance could be found ; a great tablet of bard quartzite was indeed discovered, but, as it had been exposed for centuries to mutilation, few signs were lett upon it. They are apparently the remains of a historical inscription of Psammetichus I. There was little indication of Daphme having existed before Psammetichus, but for two Mnturies froin that time it was a frontier post of the highest importance, and a name particularly weU known to
nations li^-ing on the E. of Egypt A colony of fugitive Jews under Johanan estaWished themselve. there after the murder of Gedahah, Jer 43'^- 44». The fultilment of Jeremiah's prophecy, made on this spot, that Nebuch. would mvade and take E^^vnt (438-"), has not yet been ascertamed trora the monuments, but the excavations gave evidence of violent destruction and conflagration. Herodotus (u. 30) says that in his time the Persians kept up the ganison there. The place is mentioned
"^Hanes, in Is 30', can hardly be Daphnw, for th« latter did not rise to importance till a later date.
TAHPENES (D-lEnn; B eeKenelpa, A eeseM'"", J'.IC- eev6«dra).-Thenameofthequeenof'Phara(ihkins
of Egypt,' who gave his sister in maina-e to Hadad the Edomite before the death of David (IK 1P»). Winckler (AT Untersuch. 1-6), and stil more Che^fiEncvc. Blbl. s.v. ' Hadad '), consider the past^e L full of corruptions, the chief point being that Mizraim (Egypt) s^iould be corrected back to Musri (in North Arabia). If we accept the text as it stands, Hadad's marriage was not so grand as to be improbable. Bavid was contemporary with the weak 21st dynasty, which appears to haje 'ad no influence abroad ; nor is it prob.able that the 2lst dvnastv kin<'S reigning at Tanis had any consider- atShor°ry eveS ovc?r the high priests at Thebes. Tlie name 'Tahpenes' has an Egyptian appearance, but has not hitherto been found o° the monu- ments. 1..LL. GRUFITH.