^It^ir'probable that the temple building occnpied the same site as the earlier temple. Hecatieua says it was a 'great house.' Cyrus gave instruc- tions that it was to be 60 cubits liigh and 60 cubita broad. i Probably this means that they \yere to build it as large as they liked— as large, if they
. Not the same as Zcnibbabel, as U often held: pf ComUl^ Uistory of People of iKiacl. Chicago, lb98, p. lol t. , Cheyne JUL p. 0 ; and cf. Shesiihazzar and Zbkubbabki. ^ 2 Ch 3623, Ezr l»ff- 61' 6if-. r ^'^ 1'^ 6i4f- ».
i Ezr 3' ' "
C Ezr 2iiS«-., Neh VOU-, d. Ezr 1«. « Ezr se^
eSeeSAMARiTiXS. ^' ■ %L- Mua una
. Ezr 48-3. '^ee Sohrader on this section in i A , 1867, 867 II
xEzrSiff. tE"^-
TEMPLE
TEMPLE
711
would, OS, siiy, some well-known temple in Babylon. We aie not told that it was actually built of these dimensions, nor is it likely that Solomon's, which was CO cubits long, 20 broad, and 30 high, should be 80 far exceeded by Zerubbabel's. It is not needful to consider the 60 cubits' length as meaning height of porch, a and the breadth as applying to the chambers as well.
It is inferred from Ezr 3i2 and Hag 23 that the second temple was greatly inferior to the first. But when these words were uttered, tlie temple was not finitilied; and the inferiority may refer to the absence of the arl< arnl other sacred \'cssels wliicli were for ever lost after the destruction of the first temple. According to Bab. T;ilmud (Yoma 22f/), the second temple wanted five things which were in that of Solomon : (I) the ark, (2) the sacred fire, (3) the shekinab, (4) the Uoly Spirit, (6) the Urim and Thummim.
Hrkrd or Holy Place. — The Mkal liad within it one holy lampstand, one table of shewbread, one golden altar of incense, together with pouring vessels and spices.j3 There would seem to h.ave been the two veils of which we read as being before the lUkdl (masCikh) and d£bir (pa,r6keth) doors of the tabernacle.7 The fact that Anti- oclius Kpiphanes is repre.sented as plundering the gold, silver, etc., of the temiile,5 is no proof that the walls, doors, etc., were covered with gold, as the MT declares to have been the case with Solomon's temple (see above, p. 700 f.), though Schiller seems to think it is.e
JUiJbir or Most Holy Place. — The dibSr had a veil in front of it, as the hckiil also had. There was nothing in the dcbir according to Jos. (/}./ v. v. 5), excipt that according to the jMishnas" the stone of foundation t; stood where the ark used to be. Upon the Day of Atonement the priests used to put their censers on this stone.d Prideau.\, without a tittle ol evidence, held that the ark was in the second temple. Tacitus applies the words ' inania arcana ' to the 'tdytuni or dibir of the temple. i
t'ijiirta. — This temple had two courts.K but the separation between them was not perhaps rigidly enforced, for when Alexander Janiianis was sacri- licing on the altar during the Feast of Tabernacles the people pelted him with citrons, etc. To stop such conduct, he ran a wooden wall around the
{)riests' court. According to Ezr 6', three rows of lewn stone and a top row of new wood were to go about the temple, viz. the inner court.X
The inner court had in it an altar of bumt- olfering made of unhewn stone /x — .so conforming to the ancient law of Ex 20^, which Solomon's did not.
According to Hecatfflus^ it had the same dimensions as the first temple, viz. 20 cubits long by 20 cubits broad by 10 cubits high. The Mishnaf speaks of a 1''? or laver as being in this court ; and Sir 603 si)eaks of a ' cistern ' as having been made by Simon the high priest. The Syriac leaves out 'cistern' alto- gether, and renders ' he dtig a well.' The allusions are far too uncertain to infer from them that there was a molten sea in the inner court of the second temple.*
There were cells in the outer court for storing furniture and for other purposes. In 1 Mac 4'''- " jiriests' cells are named. jr Josephus makes mention of corridors with pillars.p The ' Mi|ilikad gate' of Neh 3" was probably one leading into the outer
« As Herod the Great; see Jo*. xL; Winer, ItWIi^^t. 'Temper; Keil, HiM. Arch. i. lK4n.
& 1 .Maj- r^ i-taa. ; Jos. Ant. nv. Iv. 4 ; of. Hecatajus as quoted ap. Jos. c. Ai/ion. i. 22.
y 1 Mac *'-' ; see Vkm.. > 1 Moc 123.
1 Uiihin, WlKija lUU2a. ? Yoma v. 2.
fi n;.-;' J5N. «lHacl»4U. i Ann. til 9.
m IMac 4 «■ M ; cf. Jos. Ant. xrv. xvi. 2.
» Of. 1 K (i-'Xl 7i>. fi 1 M.ic 4«.
t In Jos. IIJ V. T. 6. { Afiilil. iii. 0.
t Ezr 631 lOO, Neh S*" 103'»- 12" ll-'"- .irf ^ In every cose but
Neh 830, where we find its equivalent .t^v'J C'?anl 3 intcrchang-
ng. Ct T. W. Duvics, Ma'jic, Divination, and Deinonoloijii, \\. b\).
w w^r^t^tfum LXX (or n;;ji^. f Ant xi. iv. 7, xiv. vi. i.