(2) Mk 14-2-25. As here recorded, our Lord's words at the Institution were : ' Take ye : this is my body ' ; ' this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many. Verily I say unto you, I will no more drink of the fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.' The words in connexion with the species of bread are the same as those in 1 Co ll^*, already discussed, and do not need further comment, except to notice that Mark does not add ' which is for you : this do as my memorial.' In connexion with the cup Mark differs from 1 Cor. in that (1) he has ' this is my blood of the covenant ' instead of ' this is the new covenant in my blood ' ; (2) he omits ' this do, as oft as ye drink it, as my memorial ' ; (3) he adds ' which is poured out for many ' ; (4) he adds ' Verily I say unto you, I will no more drink
of the fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.' As to these ditterences, it may be noticed : (a) The blood in Mark's jjhrase is described as being Christ's and as being ' of the covenant,' i.e. it is Christ's because it is the blood which He personally took in the Incarnation, and it is ' of the covenant ' because by means of it the covenant between God and man \^'hich Christ makes is ratified and sealed. Consequently the meaning of the exi^ression is not substantially different from that used by St. Paul in 1 Co IP^; (jS) the consideration of the omission of ' which is for you : this do as my memorial,' ' this do, as oft as ye drink it, as my memorial,' does not belong to this section of the article ; (7) the words ' for many,' i.e. ' on behalf of many ' (iiTT^p TToXXwi'), indicate the sacrificial and exj^iatory power of Christ's blood. Similarly the words ' which is poured out ' {to eKxvwofj.evov) are con- nected with the sacrifice of His blood. In the LXX iKxe<^ is often used both of the shedding of blood in slaughter and of the pouring out of the blood of slain victims at the altar. Instances of the latter use are Ex 291^, Lv 4^- 1*- ^s- so- 34 gis 99 . cf . 1 K ( = 1 S) 7®. The close connexion with the word ' covenant ' in Mk 14^'', and the general sacrificial surroundings, give strong probability that the meaning here is 'poured out' rather than 'shed,' and that the sense is ' this is my blood,' ' which is sacrificially poured out,' as in the Jewish S9';rifices the blood of the slain victim was poured out as the culmination of the sacrifice ; (5) like much else in the Gospels, the words ' when I drink it new in the kingdom of God ' api^ear to have a twofold reference. They refer in part to Christian Euchar- ists ; the ' kingdom of God ' is the Christian Church ; the drinking ' new ' is in the ' new cove- nant' of 1 Co IP^ ; thus is denoted the fellowship between Christ and His people in the Eucharistic feast. In a further sense they refer to the ' marriage supper of the Lamb ' (Rev 19") ; the ' kingdom of God ' is the consummated Kingdom of glory ; the drinking ' new ' is in that state in which ' all things ' are made ' new ' (Rev 21^), new- ness being a characteristic feature of the future as well as of the present Christian life. See art. Covenant.
(3) Mt 2626- 29. As here recorded, our Lord's words were : ' Take, eat, this is my body ' ; ' Drink ye all of it ; for this is my blood of the covenant, which is jjoured out for many unto remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will not drink hence- forth of this fruit of the vine, until that day Avhen I drink it new Avith you in my Father's kingdom.' There is little here different from Mark's account which calls for comment : (a) ' unto remission of sins ' is added to ' poured out,' specifying dis- tinctly the object of the sacrificial offering of our Lord's blood ; (/3) the words ' with you ' are added in the description of the future ' new ' drinking of ' this fruit of the vine ' ; (7) the phrase ' my Father's kingdom ' is used instead of ' the kingdom of God,' both phrases alike being descriptive of both the Christian Church and the future perfected Kingdom.
(4) Lk 22i^-2". The account here given is as follows : ' When the hour was come, he sat down, and the apostles with him. And he said unto them. With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer : for I say unto you, I Avill not eat it, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. And he received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said. Take this, and divide it among yourselves ; for I say unto you, I will not drink from henceforth of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come. And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and gave to them,