€vpoK\v5uv (TR ; ' Euroclydon,' AV) is one of a great number of textual variants. It appears in two 9th cent, uncials, H and L, and the majority of the cursives. The oldest authorities, NAB, have evpaKvXuv ; in the Codices Beza3 and Ephra?mi the account of the voyage is wanting, A reviser of the Vaticanus has inserted T over A and A after K, and has altered AflN into AfiX, but in so doing- he has left the right foot of the A visible beyond the corner of his own A.
Lfterature. — J. Smith, Voyage and Shipwreck of St. Paul, 1880, p. 119 f. ; E. Renan, St. Paul, 1869, p. 551 ; Conybeare and Howson, St. Paul, 1S77, ii. 402.
James Strahan. EUROCLYDON.— See Eueaquilo,
EUTYCHUS (EvTvxos). — A young man who listened to St, Paul preaching at Troas on his final journey to Jerusalem (Ac 20''^-). As tlie Apostle was leaving the next day, he continued his speech till midnight, evidently in a crowded and over- heated upper room where many torches were burn- ing. Eutychus, who was seated at the window, fell asleep, and, falling down from the third storey, was ' taken up dead ' (ijp0T] veKp6s). The narrative states that St, Paul went down, embraced the lad, and told the company not to trouble themselves as life was still in him. Then he went upstairs, broke bread, and continued speaking till morning. As they weredeparting Eutychus was brouglit to them alive.
Various theories have been put forward to explain or explain away this incident. Some suppose that the youth was only stunned by his fall, and appeai'ed to the spectators to be dead ; others that the whole story is unhistorical, and merely intended as a parallel to the narrative of St. Peter's raising of Dorcas (Ac 9'""''^). But the narrative leaves little doubt of the intention of the historian to relate a miracle. As Ramsay (St. Paul the Traveller, p. 291) points out, the passage belongs
EVANGELIST
EVE
379
to the ' Ave ' sections of Acts, and Luke, as a medical man, uses precise medical terms, and as an eye- witness certainly means to state that Eutychus was really dead. The words ijpdri veKpos can only bear that significance, otherwise we should have, as in Mk 9-*^, uael veKpos, ' as one dead.' There is no doubt tiiat the incident is related as an instance of the power of the Apostle to work miracles, and that the historian believed him to have done so on this occasion.
LiTERATrRE. — W. M. Ramsay, St. Paul the Traveller, 1895, p. 290 ; E. Zeller, Acts, Eng. tr., 1875-76, ii. p. 62 ; H. J Holtzma.nn, Hand-Kommentar'^, 'Die Apostelgesch.,' 1892, p. 402 ; R. J. Knowling, EQT, ' Acts,' 1900, p. iii.
W. F. Boyd.
EYANGELIST. — 'Evangelist' comes from ei;a77eX- i^eaOai, ' to evangelize ' or ' publish good tidings,' a verb which is fairly common in the LXX, and is very frequent in the writings of St. Luke and in the Epistles, especially the four great Epistles of St. Paul. This verb is derived from evayyeXiov, ' good tidings,' especially the good tidings of the evangel or gospel. ' Evangelist ' is found in only three passages in the Bible. Philip, one of the Seven, is so called in one of the 'we' sections of Acts (2P), which may mean that he was the evan- gelist out of the Seven, i.e. the only one, or far the best. Again, St. Paul, in his list of live kinds of ministers which have been given by Christ to His Church (Eph 4^'), places ' evangelists' after ' apostles' and ' prophets ' and before ' pastors ' and ' teachers ' ; and ' evangelists ' may be classed with the two groups which precede. ' Apostles, prophets, and evangelists' were itinerant ministers, preaching wherever they found a door opened to them, while ' pastors and teachers ' were attached to some con- gregation or locality. Philip was a travelling missionary. He went from Jerusalem to preach in Samaria, was on the road to Gaza when he converted the eunuch, was afterwards at Azotus (Ashdod), ' and passing through he preached the gospel to all the cities, till he came to Ctesarea ' (Ac 8*' ^'^- ^*'). Possibly prophets commonly preached to believers, evangelists to unbelievers, while apostles addressed either. This would agree with the frequently quoted dictum, that ' every apostle is an evangelist, but not every evangelist is an apostle.' There is at any rate some evidence that those who acted as missionaries to the heathen were called evangelists. The word itself points to this — ' publishers of good tidings.' It is when the first Christians were ' scattered abroad, and went about preaching the word' after the martyrdom of Stephen, that the verb ' to publish the good tidings ' is often used by St. Luke (Ac 8^- ^2- ^- ss. •lO) . and Philip ' the evangelist ' is one of these preachers. An evangelist would know the gospel narrative thoroughly, and would be capable of explaining it, as Philip did to the eunuch. But we need not suppose that Eph 4'^ gives us five orders of ministers specially appointed to discharge five ditlerent kinds of duties. No such organization existed. The distinctions of ministry lay in the work that was done by individual workers, and that depended on their personal gifts, which often overlapped (West- cott, Epkesians, 1906, pp. 169-171). Philip was called ' the evangelist' because of his good work in preaching to the heathen. The third passage is 2 Ti 4^, where Timothy is charged to ' do the work of an evangelist ' in addition to his other duties. He is in charge of the Church at Ephesus in place of St. Paul ; but he is not to omit the work of en- deavouring to convert unbelievers.