(4.) The Kings from rid to Esarhaddon. — The suc- cession of the Assyrian kings from Pul almost to the , close of the empire is rendered tolerably certain, not j merely by the inscriptions, but also by the Jewish I records. In the 2d book of Kings we find the names of Pul, Tiglath-Pileser, Shalmaneser, Sennacherib, and Esarhaddon, following one another in rapid suc- cession (2 Kings xv, 19 and 29; xvii, 3; xviii, 13; xix, 37) ; and in Isaiah we have the name of " Sargon, king of Assyria" (xx, 1), who is a contemporary of the prophet, and who must evidently, therefore, belong to the same series. The inscriptions, by showing us that Sargon was the father of Sennacherib, fix his place in the list, and give us for the monarchs of the last half of the 8th and the first half of the 7th cen- tury B.C. the (probably) complete list of Tiglath- Pileser II, Shalmaneser IT, Sargon, Sennacherib, and Esarhaddon. For a detailed account of the actions of these kings, see each name in its place. (See Op- pert, Chronologic des Assy7iens et des Babylon'.ens, Paris, 1857.)— Smith, s. v.
ASSYRIA
494
ASSYRIA
:op As
History.— (Condense.! from Dr. J. Oppert's Chronologic ties Attvrient el rf« Babylot mucins untl cylinders. The names and dales in brackets are according to other auluoril " " -Fairbairn, s. v.
Synoptical Tabi t,. i„- derived i>, cylinders have been found bearing the
Epoch at which the Chaldeans place the building of the Tower of Babel (42 amar, or 2940 [? 1900] years before h.c.
Nebuchadnezzar 3540[?2500]
I. DYNASTIES NON-SIIEMITIC, comprehended under the name of Scythic Supremacy during 1500 [?500] years.
1. Hamite Kingdom 3540-2441
2. Au, an Invasion 2449-2225
3. Turanian Domination (Scythic) 2225-201T
II. SHEMITIC DOMINATION.
1. First Chald.ean Empire. Forty-nine [?] kings during 450 years 2017-1559
First king unknown [H'hedorlaomer, li.C. cir. 20S0].
Ismidngon, Lord of Assyria (about 1950).
Samsi-hu, son of Ismidagon (044 years before Assurdayan).
Naramsin, king of the four regions. (The names of the other kings are not yet deciphered.)
2. Aeah Invasion. Eight p] kings during 245 years 1559-1314
The Khet of the Egyptian hieroglyphics, according to M. de Kongo, probably the Dummukh of the Assyrians.
3. Great Assyrian Empire. Forty-five 1 ?] kings during 526 years 1314-7S8
[Bel -lush (cir. 1273?;.
Fudil.
Iva-lush.
Shalma-bar, or Shamarish (? Shalmaneser)].
i. First Dynasty. Ninippallukin [Nin-pala-kina], first king 1314
Assurdayan [Asshur-dapal-ilJ, son of the preceding about 1300
Mutakkii-nabu, son of the preceding " 1270
Assur-ris-ili, son of the preceding. (Commencement of the Assyrian power, following
the Egyptian preponderance, which had lasted 500 years) about 1250
*Tiglath-Pileser I, son of the preceding (historical cylinder of S00 lines) " 1220
Sardanapalus I. [Asshur-bani-pal], son of the preceding " 1-00
Tiglath-Bileser II " [? 1150]
Sack of Nineveh by Chaldeans, 41S years before the first year of Sennacherib " 1122 [1132]
Belochus I, son of the preceding " 1100
ii. Second Dynasty. Belitaras (Bel-kat-irassu), usurper " 1100
Shalmaneser I, founder of the palace of Calah (Nimrud) " 1050
Sardanapalus II (? Asshtir adan-akhi), great-grandson of Belitaras u 1020
Shalmaneser II, son of the preceding " 1000
Assttr-dan-il I [Asshur-danin-il], son of the preceding " 9S0
Belochus II [Iva-lush II], grandson of Assur-dan-il I " 970
Tiglath-I'ileser III [Tiglathi-nin], son of the preceding " 950
Sardanapalus III [Asshur-dani-pal], son of the preceding. Great conqueror " 930-900 Shalmaneser II 1 [shalmanu-bar], son of the preceding. Adversary of Jehu,
king of Israel ( JWtn rud Obelisk) " POO-SCO
Samsi-ou II [Shamas-iva], son of the preceding " S6U-S40
Belochus III [Iva-lush III], son of the preceding, husband of Semiramis " S40-S2O
Semiramis (Sammuramit), 17 years alone '. u S20-S03
Sardanapalus IV, probably son of the preceding, last king of the great empire " S07-7SS
III. DIVISION OF DOMINION BETWEEN S1IEMITES AND APJANS.
Med. and Pf.rs. Avian republic.
Baivyxon. Pnl Belesis founds the empire of Chal dsea. King of Babylon till
Nabonassar 74'
Nadius
Chinzinus and Porus
Nineveh. First king of Babylon subjugates As-
Elulams 726-721
Merodach Baladan 721-709
SS-769Arbaces first Tiglath-Bileser IV re-eetablishes the j chief .7SS-710
Assyrian monarchy 769-725
,^.-733 Commencement of captivity of Israel . 740] ...733 720
20 Shalmaneser IV takes Samaria (720), Aspabara,
and is dethroned by Sargon 725-720J about 720
Last Ninevite Dynasty (Sargonides, Dynasty of the
720-025). | Deiocides.
"Sargon, king of Babvlon [721-714].
Anarchy 704-702
Belibus 702-699
Assurinaddinson, son of Sennacherib. 699-693
Irigibel, or Regibelus 693-692
Meseaimordacus 092-
Anarchy
i Sargon (founded Khorsabad) [72 1-?714]7 . 709-704 Arceanus of Ptolemy [709
Sennacherib, son of Sargon [714-692] 704-076 (Cylinders, and seal of contemporary Egyptian king Sabaco, probably the So of 2 Kings xvii, 4, have been found at Nineveh.) Campaign against Egypt and Judrca [713] 702
Esarhaddon, son of Sennacherib . . . .0s0 06>, [Aparanadiua of Ptolemy] [699-693]
king of Assyria, of Egypt, and of Meroe 676-66S
Saosduchin CGS-647 Tiglath-Pileser V, son of Esarhaddon 66S-660
'Sardanapalus V | As.-hur-bani-pal II], | son of Esarhaddon 660-647
Assur-dan-il II [Aswir-emit-ili], son of Sardanapalus V (Cinneladan of the Greeks),
last king of Assyria 647-625
Tc ital dt strnctii >n of Nineveh [? Saracus] C25
P. Ml (..MAN Dynasty 625-53S
Nabopolassar (Nahn-pal-assur), and Nitocris the Egytian 625-604
•Nebuchadnezzar i Nahu-kudurr-usur) 604-561
Evil Merodach (Avil-marduk) 801-550
Wergalsliareser (Niigal-sarr-usur) 559-555
Labusardochus (liel-iikh-isruki, sou of the preceding, 9 months 555
•Nabonid (Nabu-nahid), boh of Nabu-balatirib 555-53S
Cyrus the Persian takes Unl.vlon 53S