Band, the representative of several Heb. and Gr. words, and in the N. T. especially of oiruQa, a cohort (q. v.).
Band, a part of clerical dress, said to be. a relic of the ancient amice (q. v.). It belongs to the full dress of the bar and university in England. " In Scotland it distinguishes ordained ministers from licentiates or probationers, and is said to be a remnant of the old cravat worn universally by the clergy a hundred years ago." — (Eadie.) It is worn in the Church of England, in the Protestant Episcopal Church in America, and by the Protestant ministers of the Continental churches of Europe generally. See Clergy, Dress of the.
Band (Societies); See Bands.
r.ANDIXEL
G32
BANGS
Bandinel, James, D.D., was educated at Jesus . i >xford : became M.A. in 1758, D.D. in 1777, and died at Winchester in 1804. He was rector of Netherby, Dorsetshire, for many years. He publish- ed Eight Sermons on the p adiar Doctrines ofCkristi- ing the Bampton Lectures for 1780 (Oxford, 1 1, which arc marked by ingenuity and critical talent
Bands, small societies instituted by Wesley to promote personal holiness and good works among the [ethodists. The first "rides of the band socie- rawn up December 25, 1738, may be found in History of the Methodist luscijiline, p. -NO. ocietics were more select than class-meetings (q. v.\ and admitted only persons of the same sex, all married <>r all single, who were put in charge of a ■• band-leader." They have nearly gone out of use in America, the article relating to them in the Discipline having been struck out by the General Conference of 1856. They still may be found in England, though not very numerous. See Emory, History of the Discipline, p. 200sq. ; Grindrod, Compendium of Laws of Method- ism, 17-1 sq. ; Porter, Compnidimn of Methodism, 50, 460; Stevens. History of Methodism, i, 122 ; ii, 455; Wesley, Works, x, 183.
Banduri Manuscript. See Moxtfaucon's "Mam script.
Bangius or Bang, Pkter, a Swedish theologian, was born at Helsingfors in 103:;, was made professor of theology in the University of Abo, and bishop of Wiborg. He died in 1696, having published a Com- ius in Hebrccos, and a Hlstoria Ecclesiastica. Bangor (Bangertiuni), an episcopal see in Wales, in Caernarvonshire. The foundation of this see is al- together involved in obscurity. The cathedral is dedi- cated to St. Daniel, its first bishop, and the chapter con- sists of a dean, treasurer, precentor, two archdeacons, five canons, and two minor canons. The diocese com- prises Anglesea, and parts of Caernarvonshire, Den- bigh. Montgomery, and Merionethshire, containing one hundred and seventy parishes, of which thirty-seven are impropriated. The present (1866) incumbent is James Colquhoun ( lampbell, D.D., consecrated in 1859. Bangorian Controversy, a title derived from the bishop of Bangor (Hoadley), who, in the reign of <■ "ge [, wrote "A Preservative against the Prin- ciples and Practices of Non-Jurors;" and afterward preached and published a sermon from the passage, " My kingdom is not of this world" (John xviii, 36), in which he maintained the supreme authority of Christ as king in his own kingdom ; and that he had not del- egated hi- power, like temporal lawgivers during their absence from their kingdom, to any persons as his n nis and deputies. The publication of this ser- mon by order of the king led to the controversy above named, in which Dr. Snape and Dr. Sherlock, the i baplains, took a prominent part as the oppo- nents of Hoadley, maintaining that (here were certain powers distinctly vested in the church by Christ, its king, of which the ministers of the church were the constitutionally -appointed executive. This contro- versy lasted many veins, and led to the discontinu- ance of the Convocation. The pamphlets on the sub- ject are very numerou : on of the most important is, William Law, Thret Letters to Bishop Hoadley, to be found in Law's Scholar Armed, i, 279, and also in La-vt 's l.i See England, ii of; Hoadley.
Bangs, John, a Methodist Episcopal minister, was lorn in Stratford,) onn.,in 1781, commenced preach- ing in 1806, entered the itinerant ministry in N. Y. Conference in 1819, became supernumerary in 1836, and died in great peace, Feb.4, 1849. His youth was vain and profane. I, ui from his conversion ho was full of holy zeal and love fur BOuls. "lie preached holi-
ness to others, and enjoyed its exalted felicity himself," and about three thousand conversions were the fruit of his labors. — Minutes of Conferences, iv, 328.
Bangs, Nathan, D.D., an eminent minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was born May 2, 1778, near Bridgeport, Conn. When he was about thirteen, the family removed to Stamford, Delaware Co., N. Y., and here, on the home farm, the boj- grew up, receiv- ing the common school education of the time, by which he profited so well that at eighteen he was capable of teaching such a school himself. In 1799 he went to Canada, and spent three years there in teaching and in surveying land. In 1800 he was converted, and in 1802 was admitted into the New York Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, which then embraced Canada. The next six years he spent in arduous la- bors in Canada, going from village to village'as an itinerant minister, often through virgin forests, guided only by the "marks" of the wood-cutter or the hunter. In 1808 he was returned to the state of New York, be- ing appointed by the bishop to Delaware Circuit. Such had been his rapid rise in influence that his brethren sent him to the General Conference of this .year, and so commanding were his subsequent services that he was a delegate in every session after, except that of 1848, down to 1856, when his advanced years justified bis release from such responsibilities. In 1810 he was sent to New York City, which was ever after the head- quarters of his labors and influence for his denomina- tion. Methodism here was then still in its youthful struggles ; it consisted of one circuit, with five preach- ing-places. The city population was below one hun- dred thousand. The city and its suburbs now (1865) comprise a million of people, and more than twice as manjr Methodist preachers as the whole Conference then reported, though it swept over much of Connecti- cut, Massachusetts, Vermont, and over Eastern New York, up the Hudson into Canada to even Montreal and Quebec! What a history for one. life! In 1813 he was appointed presiding elder of the Rhinebeck Dis- trict ; from 1817 to 1820 he was pastor in New York ; and in 1820 he was elected "Book Agent," and as- sumed the charge of the Methodist Book Concern, then a small business, and deeply involved in debt. Under his skilful management (from 1820 to 1828) the Con- cern rapidly recovered from its embarrassments, and its business was immensely extended. In 1826 the "Christian Advocate" was established, and the edi- torial matter from 1826 to 1828 was chiefly furnished by Dr. Bangs, though he was still discharging the ar- duous duties of senior book-agent. During the whole period of his agency (1820-1828) he was also editor of the Methodic Magazine. Such an amount of labor would have worn out any man not endowed with great intellectual and bodily vigor — qualities which, in Dr. Bangs, were supplemented by indomitable industry and perseverance. In 1828 he was appointed editor of the Advocate, including, also, the editorial labors of the Magazine. In 1832 the General Conference ap- pointed him editor of the Methodist Quarterly Review, a new form of the Methodist Magazine. His office com- prised also the editorial charge of the books of the general catalogue. He had no paid assistance in the labors of the two periodicals, no appropriation being made for contributions; but the variety and vigor of his own articles imparted continued freshness and power to their pages.