and punished." In the third session (April 29, 1432), Pope Eugene was summoned to appear before the council within three months. In August the pope sent legates to vindicate his authority over the coun- cil ; and in the eighth session (Dec. 18) it was agreed that the pope should be proceeded against canonically, in order to declare him contumacious, and to visit him with the canonical penalty ; two months' delay, how- ever, being granted him within which to revoke his bull for the dissolution of the council. On the 16th of Jan. 1433, deputies arrived from the Bohemians demand- ing (1) liberty to administer the Eucharist in both kinds ; (2) that all mortal sin, and especially open sin, should be repressed, corrected, and punished, according to God's law ; (3) that the Word of God should be preach- ed faithfully by the bishops, and by such deacons as were fit for it; (4) that the clergy should not possess authority in temporal matters. It was afterward agreed that the clergy in Bohemia and Moravia should be allowed to give the cup to the laity ; but no recon- ciliation was made. In April, 1433, Eugene signified his willingness to send legates to the council to preside in his name, but the council refused his conditions. In the 12th sesdon (July 14, 1433), the pope, by a de- cree, was required to renounce within sixty days his design of transferring the council from Basle, upon pain of being pronounced contumacious. In return, Eugene, irritated by these proceedings, issued a bull, annulling all the decrees of the council against himself. Later in autumn, the pope, in fear of the council, sup- ported as it was by the emperor and by France, agreed to an accommodation. He chose four cardinals to pre- side with Julian at the council; he revoked all the bulls which he had issued for its dissolution, and pub- lished one according to the form sent him by the coun- cil [session xiv]. It was to the effect that, although he had broken up the Council of Basle lawfully assem- bled, nevertheless, in order to appease the disorders which had arisen, he declared the council to have been lawfully continued from its commencement, and that it would be so to the end ; that he approved of all that it had offered and decided, and that he declared the bull for its dissolution which he had issued to be null and void ; thus, as Bossuet observes, setting the coun- cil above himself, since, in obedience to its order, he revoked his own decree, made with all the authority of his see. In spite of this forced yielding Eugene never ceased plotting for the dissolution of the council. In subsequent sessions earnest steps were taken toward reform ; the annates and taxes (the pope's chief rev- enues) were abrogated ; the papal authority over chap- ter elections was restricted; citations to Rome on minor grounds were forbidden, etc. These move- ments increased the hatred of the papal party, to which, at last, Cardinal Julian was won over. The proposed reunion of the Greek and Roman churches made it necessary to appoint a place of conference with the Greeks. The council proposed Basle or Avignon ; the papal party demanded an Italian city. The latter, in the minority, left Basle, and Eugene called an opposition council to meet at Ferrara (q. v.) in 1437. After Juli.in's departure the Cardinal Arch- bishop of Aries presided. In the 31s/: session, Jan. 24, 1438, the council declared the Pope Eugene contuma- cious, suspended him from the exercise of all jurisdic- tion either temporal or spiritual, and pronounced all that he should do to be null and void. In the 34^A session, June 25, 1439, sentence of deposition was pro- nounced against Eugene, making use of the strongest possible terms. France, England, and Germany dis- approved of this sentence. On October 30, Amadeus (q. v.), duke of Savoy, was elected pope, and took the name of Felix V. Alphonso, king of Aragon, the Queen of Hungary, and the Dukes of Bavaria and Austria, recognised Felix, as also did the LTniversities of Germany, Paris, and Cracow ; but France, England, and Scotland, while they acknowledged the authority
BASLE
090
BASSUS
of the Council of Basle, continued to recognise Eugene as the lawful pope. Pope Eugene dying four years after, Nicholas V was elected in bis stead, and recog- nised by the whole Church, whereupon Felix V re- nounced the pontificate in 1449, and thus the schism ended. For the acts of the council, see Mansi, vols. 2g | , 31. See also Wessenberg, Concilien des 15 unci 16 Jahrhundert, 2 vols. ; Binterim, Deutsche National . vol. i 1 1- — - Landon, Manual of Councils, 71: Palmer On the Churchy pt. iv, ch. xi ; Mosheim, Ci. Hist. cent, sv, pt. ii, 11 ; Ranke, Hist, of Pap icy, 1,86,243.
Basle, MSS. of. See Basilean Manuscript.
Bas'math (Heb. Basmath', niOJSa, fragrant), the name of two women.
1. (Sept. UaamctS.) One of ths wives of Esau (Gen. xxvi, 34 : xxxvi, 3, 4, 10, 13, " Bashemath").
2. (Sept. BaaEfifidS.) A daughter of Solomon, and wife of Ahimaaz, the viceroy in Naphtali (1 Kings iv, 15). B.C. post HH4.
Basnage, the name of a French family which has produced many distinguished men. (See Haag, La France Protestante, ii, 5-15.)