Bruen, Matthias, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Newark, N. J., April 11, 1793. After an ex- cellent religious and academical education, he grad- uated at Columbia College 1812. In 1816 he was li- censed to preach, but, on account of ill health, he went to Europe, where he remained nearly three years, dur- ing six months of which he preached at "the Ameri- can Chapel of the Oratory" in Paris. Returning in 1819, he again visited Europe in 1821. In 1822 he en- tered on home missionary work in New York, and un- der his labors a church grew up in Bleecker Street, of which he became pastor in 1825. He died Sept. 6, 1829, after a short illness. He published Essays de- scriptive of Scenes in Italy and France (Edinburgh), and contributed to various periodicals. A memoir of him by Mrs. Duncan, of Scotland, was published in 1831. — Sprague, Annals, iv, 544.
Bruis, Pierre de. See Petrobrussians.
Bruise (the rendering of several Ileb. words) is used in Scripture in a variety of significations, but im- plies figuratively doubts, fears, anguish on account of the prevalence of sin. Satan is said to bruise the heel of Christ (Gen. iii, 15). Christ is said to bruise the bead of Satan when he crushes his designs, despoils him of his power, and enables his people to tread his temptations undertheir feet (Rom. xix, 20). Our Lord was bruised when he had inflicted on him the fearful punishment due to our sins (Tsa. liii, 5). The King <>f Bgj ]it is called a bruised reed, to mark the weak and broken state of his kingdom, and his inability to help such as depended on him (2 Kings xviii, 21). Weak saints are bruised reeds which Christ will not break (Isa. xlii, 3; Luke iv, 18). See Reed.
Bruit, a French word signifying noise, is the ren- dering in Jer. x, 22 ; Nab. iii, 19, of 3>»!U or hS1»125 a sound. T :
Brulius, reformer and martyr, succeeded Calvin as pastor of the church in Strasburg, on the Rhine
and was much esteemed by the people. There pre- vailed at this time throughout the Netherlands the most earnest desire to be instructed in the Reformed religion, so that in places where the truth was not or dared not to be preached, private invitations were sent to the ministers who resided in towns where the pure Gospel was preached openly. Some people in Tour- nay accordingly invited Brulius from Strasburg. He complied with their request, and came to Tournay, September, 1544, and was most joyfully received. After staying some time, he made an excursion to Lille for the same object, and returned to Tournay in October. The governors of the city ordered strict search for him, and his friends let him over the wall by a rope, Nov. 2, 1544. On his reaching the ground, a stone fell on his leg and broke it. He was seized, put in prison, and, notwithstanding the efforts of the senate of Strasburg and of the Protestant princes, he was put to death, Feb. 19, 1545. He suffered terribly, being burned in a slow fire ! But nothing could tri- umph over his faith, and he testified to the truth to the very last. — Middleton, Evangelical Biography, i, 154.
Brumoy, Pierre, a Jesuit writer, was born at Rouen in 1688, and settled at Paris, where he took part in the Journal de Trevoux. He undertook, at the com- mand of his superiors, a continuation of the Ilistoire de VEglise Gal'icane by Longueval and Fontenay. He lived but to write two volumes (the 11th and 12th), and died April 16, 1742. He is perhaps best known by his Theatre des Grecs, containing translations of the Greek tragedians, with observations, etc. (last edit, much enlarged, Paris, 1825, 16 vols. 8vo). — Biog. Univ. vi, 99 ; Landon, Eccles. Diet, ii, 425.
Brun. See Le Brun.
Bruno, archbishop of Cologne and duke of Lor- raine, son of the Emperor Henry the Fowler and brother of Otho I, was born in 925. He was well read in classical literature, and was a patron of learned men, and of education generallj-. Having been employed by his brother in many important negotiations, he died at Rheims Oct. 11, 965. His life, written by Ruotger, a Benedictine who lived with him, is given in Surius, Oct. 11, and in Pertz, Monum. Germ. Hist, iv, 252. The Commentary on the Pentateuch and the Lives of the Saints, sometimes attributed to him, were probably the work of Bruno of Segni. More recentby his life has been written by the Bollandists in the Acta Sanctorum, Oct., torn, v (Bruss. 1786), and by Pieler, Bruno I, Erzbishofvon Kbln (Arnsberg, 1851).
Bruno, called also Boniface, apostle of the Prus- sians, by extraction a Saxon nobleman, was born 970, and was called by the Emperor Otho III to his court, and appointed his chaplain about 990. Romualdus the monk (founder of the Camaldules) came to court, and Bruno, at his own request, was admitted into his or- der, and departed with him (A.D. 1000). Having spent some time at Monte Cassino, and at Piramm, near Ravenna, he was sent forth to preach to the infi- dels, and the pope made him "Archbishop of the Hea- then." He labored incessantly, exposed to every peril and privation, among the Poles and Prussians; but, after meeting with some success and converting a prince of the country, he was martyred, together with eighteen companions, in 1009. He is mentioned in the Roman Martyrology on the 15th Oct., and again as St. Boniface on the 19th June. See his life in Ma- billon, Sac. Bened. vi, 79. — Pertz, Monum. Germ, vi, 577 sq. ; Butler, Lives ofSai?its, June 19, ii, 600; Mos- heim, Ch. Hist, ii, 139; Voigt, Geschichte Preussens, i, 280 sq.