I low were his finances that his fees for the degrees of bachelor and master of arts were defrayed by donation from the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, £5 hav- ing been given him for the former, and £6 13s. 4(7. for
; the latter. This favor he gratefully acknowledged in his will bj' leaving £50 to the poor housekeepers in that parish, having already bequeathed to the parish for charitable purposes an estate of £525 per annum, and very nearly £5000 in personal property. In 1619
: he was admitted to the prebend and rectory of Cud- worth in the church of Wells, and on the 13th of De- cember in the following year he was appointed head master of Westminster School, in which occupation he
j labored more than half a century, and by his diligence, learning, and assiduity has become the proverbial rep- resentative of his class. In Jul}-, 1660, he was in- stalled as prebendary of Westminster, and in the fol- lowing August he became canon residentiary and treasurer of Wells. At the coronation of Charles II in 1661, he had the honor of carrying the ampulla. His benefactions were numerous and most liberal, and
| he was a man of great personal piety. He died April
t 6, 1695, full of years and reputation, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His works were principally for the use of his school, and consist for the most part either of expurgated editions of certain classics which he wished his boys to read in a harmless form, or grammatical treatises, chiefly in a metrical form. The severity of his discipline is traditional, but it does not
I appear to rest upon any sound authority ; and, strange
I as it may appear, no records are preserved of him in the school over which he so long presided."' — English Cyclopaedia; Hook, Eccles. Biography, ii, 320.
Busenbaum, Hermann, a Jesuit writer on mor- al theology of great repute in the Roman Church, born 1600,'in Westphalia, and died in 1688. His Me- dulla Theologice Mpralis (Paris, 1669) carried out the true ultramontane theory of the pope's authority over human governments and over the lives of kings so fully that it was burnt in 1761 by order of the Parlia- ment of Paris. It, has passed through 50 editions, and is still reprinted. It was enlarged by Lacroix to 2 vols. fol. (Col. 1758).
Bush (iPttb, seneh'; Sept. and N. T. fiuroc) oc- curs in the account of the burning-bush, in which Je- hovah manifested himself to Moses at Horeb (Exod. iii, 2, 3, 4; Deut. xxxiii, 16; 2 Esdr. xiv, 1, 3; Matt, xii, 26; Acts vii, 30)T and signifies a thorn, more par- ticularly the bramble (q. v.). But Pococke observes that the bramble does not at all grow in these regions.
BUSH
935
BUTLER
Gcsenius states that the Syriac and Arabic word seneh, I which is the same as the Hebrew, denotes the ft nna, folia sennas. We know that this plant is an indigene of Arabia. Rosenmuller inclines to tin; opinion that the holy bush was of the hawthorn species. Prof. Rob- inson, in 1838, saw on the mountains of I lord) a wil- low and two hawthorns growing, with many shrubs, and great quantities of fragrant hyssop and thyme. What particular plant or bush seneh denotes it is difficult to say. See Thorn. The professor, while resting at the ancient convent of Sinai, saw the great church. He says, "Back of the altar we were shown the chap- el covering the place, where the burning-bush is said to have stood, now regarded as the most holy spot in the peninsula; and as Moses put off his shoes in or- der to approach it, so all who now visit it must do the same. The spot is covered with silver, and the whole chapel richly carpeted. Near by they show also the well from which (as they say) Moses watered Jethro's flocks" (Researches, i, 144). See Burning-bush.
The Hebrew word rendered '•bushes" in Job xxx, 4, 7, is nnb (si'acA), and means shrubs in general, as in Gen. ii, 5; xxi. 15. The only ether word so ren- dered (~"V~~:, nahahlim', margin, "commendable trees") in our version of Isa. vii, 10, signifies pastures.
Bush, George, D.D., was born in Norwich, Vt., June 17, 1796. He entered Dartmouth College at the age of eighteen, passed through a course of theological study at Princeton, in 1824 was appointed a mission- ary at the West, and became settled as the pastor of a Presbyterian church at Indianapolis. He resigned ( this charge and came to New York in 1829. In 1831 j he was elected professor of Hebrew and Oriental liter- ature in the University of New York, and immediate- ly entered upon a literary career which won for him the reputation of profound scholarly ability. His first published work, issued from the press of the Harpers in 1832, was a L'f of Mohammed (18mo). In the same year he published a Treat is>' < // ///•■ Milh nnium (reprint- ed, Salem, 1842, 12mo). In 1840 he began a series of Bible commentaries, which, under the title of Notes mi Genesis, Exodus, etc., down to Judges, still remains an acknowledged authority (N. Y. 1840-1852, 7 vols.). In 1844 the publication of another of his works (Anas- tasis, or the Doctrine of the Resurrection), in which, by arguments drawn from reason and revelation, he de- nied the existence of a material body in a future life, raised a vigorous opposition against him. Undaunted by the fierceness of his critics, he replied to their as- saults by the issue of two new works, The Resurrection of Christ, in answer to the question, ''Kid Christ rise witli a body spiritual and celestial, or terrestrial and material?" and Th" Soul; an Inquiry into Scriptural Psychology (X. Y. 1845, 12mo). In these later works it was very apparent that his mind had become unset- tled, and all confidence in his early beliefs had for- saken him. About this time he became enamored of the vagaries of mesmerism and animal magnetis n. lie at last became a Swedenborgian, and edited The New Church Repository with decided ability, lb' also published, in the interest of his new faith. New Church Misa Uaniesi X. Y. bv5-">, l2mo). Among his other Swe- denborgian works, are, Statement of Reasons; Letters to a Trinitarian} Memorabilia; Meaner and Swedenborg (a partial defence of .Mesmerism, giving rise to a long discussion with Tayler Lewis about the " Poughkeep- sie seer," Davis, etc.); A Reply to Dr.Woods <>n Swe- denborgianism ; Priesthood ami the Clergy unknown to Christianity (1857), which excited commotion among the Swedenborgians. " He was an enthusiastic schol- ar and a popular author. His ardent and versatile temperament led him to frequent changes of opinion ; but no one ever doubted that he was conscientious in his convictions, anil willing to make any sacrifice for the cause of truth. His life was the life of a scholar." He died at Rochester, N.Y., Sept. 19, 1858.— Men 'ft';.