Butterworth, John, an English Baptist minister, was born in Lancashire, Dec. 13, 1727. At an early age he was converted under the preaching of John Nelson, the Methodist Evangelist, but he afterward became a Calvinistic Baptist. In 1751 he accepted the call of the Baptist Church in Coventry, and there labored until his death in 1803. He prepared a Coti- aerdana in the Bible (8vo), which is cheap and accu- rate, an. 1 has passed through many editions. There is a Memoir of him by bis wife.
Buxa, in the Roman Church, a pyx or reliquary containing the relics of a saint.
Buxton, Jarvis Barry, a Protestant Episcopal minister, was horn at. Newbern, N. ('., Jan. 17, 1792. Though educated in the Episcopal Church, he was for
WJ time >t rongly inclined i,, Methodism, but a change
in his associations recalled him to his own Church. He was ordained in 1*27 at Elizabeth City, where lie continued till 1831, when be removed to I'ayettcville, the BCene of his after labors. He was a zealous preach- er and revivalist. lie died on the 30th of .Max . 1851. His works, containing Discourses, were published by
his son, with a brief Memoir (1853, 8vo). — Sprague, Annals, v, 079.
Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, was born April 1st, 1786, at Castle Hedingham, in Essex, and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he highly distin- guished himself. His uncles were large brewers, and he entered the business in 1811. His first appearance in public was at a meeting of the Norfolk Auxiliary Bible Society, in September, 1812. In 1816 he took a prominent part at a meeting held at the Mansion House, to relieve the distress of Spitalfields ; and about £44,000 were collected for the Spitalfields weavers. His attention was also directed to prison discipline ; he inspected many prisons, and published an Inquiry into the subject, illustrated by descriptions of several jails, and an account of the proceedings of the Ladies' Com- mittee in Newgate, the most active of whom was Mrs. Elizabeth Fry, his sister-in-law. In 1818 he was elected member of Parliament for Weymouth ; and in 1819 he took a prominent part in the debates on prison discipline, the amelioration of the criminal law, the suppression of lotteries, and the abolition of the prac- tice of burning widows in India. He continued to represent the borough of Weymouth for nearly twenty years, during which period he was assiduous in the performance of his parliamentary duties, and always active in every humane enterprise. On the death of Wilberforce, Buxton succeeded him as the acknowl- edged leader of the emancipationists. On the 15th of May, 1823, Mr. Buxton brought forward a resolution to the effect " that the state of slavery is repugnant to the principles of the British Constitution and of the Christian religion, and that it ought to be gradually abolished throughout the British colonies with as much expedition as may be found consistent with a due re- gard to the well-being of the parties concerned." Mr. Canning, on the part of government, carried certain amendments, one of which asserted the anxiety of the House for the emancipation of the slaves "at the earli- est period that shall be compatible with the well-being of the slaves themselves, with the safety of the colo- nies, and with a fair and equitable consideration of the rights of private property." During the struggles and agitations, both at home and in the colonies, for the ensuing ten or twelve years, Mr. Buxton was steadily engaged in the prosecution of the cause of freedom, encouraged and supported by the moral feel- ing of the country, and in Parliament by Brougham, Lushington, Macaulay, and a few other earnest oppo- nents of slavery. At length, when, in 1833, the secre- tary for the colonies, Mr. Stanley (now Earl of Derby), brought forward his plan for the abolition of slavery, Mr. Buxton, although dissatisfied with the apprentice- ship and compensation clauses, gladly accepted the measure, and he had very soon the additional satisfac- tion of finding the apprenticeship abandoned by the slaveholders themselves. In 1837 he lost his election for Weymoutih, and from that time refused to be again put in nomination. In 1838 he was chiefly occupied with the preparation of a work entitled The African Slave-trade and its Remedy (Lond. 1840, 8vo). In 1839-40 the state of his health caused him to seek re- laxation in a Continental tour. At Rome he visited the prisons, and suggested improvements. On his re- turn in 1840 he was knighted. On the 1st of June a public meeting in behalf of African civilization was held in Exeter Hall, at which Prince Albert presided, and the first resolution was moved by Sir T. F. Bux- ton. The result of this movement was the well-meant but disastrous expedition to the Niger in 1841. Dur, ing 1843 and 1844 his health declined, and he died Fehuary 19, 1845. See Memoirs of Buxton, by his son (Lond. 1849, 2d cd. 8vo); Quarterly Rev. lx^xiii, 127; English Cyclop.; X. Amu-. Rev. lxxi, 1; West m. Rev. xxxiv, 125; N. Brit. Rev. ix, 209.
Buxtorf, John, the head of a family which for
BUXTOKF
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more than a century was eminent in Hebrew litera- ture. He wars lioni at Camen, in Westphalia, Dee. 25, 1564, of which parish his father was minister. Ik- studied first at Marpurg and Herborn under Piscator, and afterward at Basle, Zurich, and Geneva, under Grynseus, Bullinger, and Beza. In 1590 he became Hebrew professor at Basle, and filled the chair of He- brew literature until his death, Sept. 13, 1629. Ik- was the first Protestant rabbinical scholar, and his contributions to Hebrew literature were of vast im-