roth, purifications — relating to lesser uncleannesses which last but a day; 6. Mikvuotli, collections of water for the cleansing baths, etc. ; 7. Xidda/i, menstrual pollu- tions; 9. Zubiiii, men that have seminal uncleannesses; 10. Tibbul i'dw, washed by day (see above); and 11. Yailttim. hands— the coiisiitiitions in which title have no foundation in the written law. — Kilto. See Tai>-
MUD.
Uncles, JosiiPH. a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born Feb. 17. lfS12, in Anne Arundel County, Md. He was converted when abiuit eighteen years old ; fol- lowed school-teaching for some time in Eastern Penn- sylvania; graduated at Alleghany College in 1838; labored two years as professor of moral science in Madison College, Uniontown, Pa., and subsequently as principal of Woodstield Academy, O., and at Meadville. In 1843 he joined the Erie Conference, and labored suc- cessively at Greenville. Kandolph, Forest ville, Portland, Jamestown. Silver Creek, Northeast, and Painesville. In 1854 Mr. LTucles was prostrated by disease, and re- tired to Meadville. where he spent two years as a su- perannuate, and where, after two years' labor at Sha- ron, he died. Nov. 12, 1858. He was devout, energetic, and eminently successful. See Minutes of Annual Con- ferences, 1859, p. 198; Simpson, Ci/cloj). of 31ethodism, s. V.
Unconditioned Election. See Elkction ok GnACE.
Unction (^anointhir/'), an ecclesiastical ceremony which consists in the a])i>lication of sacred oil to a per- son or thing. In the Homan Catholic Church there are several of these ceremonies, which are described below. See Anointing.
1. Unction of an Altar. — This consists in anointing with holy oil the live crosses of an altar-slab by the bishop who consecrates it. The Latin formula is as fol- lows; "Consecretur et sanctiticetur hoc sepulchrum. In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Pax huic domui." This rite has been abolished in the Church of England since the Reformation. See Chkism.
2. Unction (fthe Baptized. — Some, but not all, of the ancient ritualists mention an unction ]ircceding bap- tism, and used by way of preparation for it. It was called xp'ioiQ fivariKoi) tXaiov, the "unction of the mys- tical oil." It was consecrated by the bishop, with the prayer that "God would sanctify tlie oil in the name of the Lord Jesus, and grant it spiritual grace and effica- cious power, tliat it might be subservient to the remis- sion of sins, and the prcfiaration of men to make their profession in baptism, that such as were anointed there- with, being freed from all impiety, might become wor- thy of the initiation according to the command of his only begotten Son." Men were thus anointed tliat tliey might be ])artakers of the true olive-tree, Jesus Christ; and the exorcised oil was a symbol of their partaking of the fatness of Christ, and an indication of the flight and destruction of the adverse power. See Bingham, Christ. Antiq. bk. xi, ch. ix, § 2, 3. See BArnsM.
3. Unction of the Confirmed. — This is anointing with holy oil those confirmed. In the Roman Church the formula runs thus. "Signo te signo crncis; et contirrao te chrismate salutis. In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Amen." In tlie Church of luigland this rite was abolished at the Reformation, and in the Scottish F^piscopal Church, as well as the Protestant Episcopal Church ^if the United States, no unction is now used. See Conkiismatiox.
4. Unction ifu Priest. — This is anointing with holy oil a person promoted to the priesthood. This rite is peculiarly Latin. Wiien using the holj- oil, the bishop who ordains prays thus: "Consecrare et sanctificare digneris, Domine, manus istas per istam unctionem et nostram benedictionem. Amen. Ut qufficumque bene- dixerint benedicantur,et quaecumque consecraverint con- secrentur,et sanctiHcentur, in nomine Domini nostri Jesu Christi. Amen." There is no such consecration in the
UNCTION, EXTREME
637
UNIATES
Greek form for bestowing the priesthood. See Consk-
CKATION.
5. Unction of the Sick. See Extrkme Unction.
UNCTION, Extreme. See Extkeme Unction*.
UNCTION IN PuEACniNG is that gracious assistance of the Holy Spirit which quickens the mental powers, gives a glow to the feelings, and imparts such a spirit- ual tone to the preaching of the Word as renders it efh- cacious in making the truth convincing and authorita- tive. See SriRiT (Holv), Baptism of.
Undergird ((<7ro^wi'vi'//i, lit. to ijird imder the breast, 2 Mace, iii, 19; comp. ^Elian, V. H. x, 22), a naval term employed (Acts xxvii, 17) to designate the act of passing cables around the middle of a ship in or- der to strengthen it (so I'olybius. xxvii, 3, 3; Appian, Bell. Cir. V, 91 ; Plato, Bep. p. tJlG). See Ship.
Undeihill, James Evan, an English Wesleyan missionary, was a native of Staffordsiiire. He was ap- pointed to Jamaica, W. I., by the Conference of 1817. His diligence in study and knowledge of Methodist doc- trine and discipline qualitied him to give instruction and manage wisely the affairs of his charges. He died of fever at JMorant Bay, Jamaica, Sept. 24, 1821. in the twenty-seventh year of his age. He was much beloved bv his peo[)le. See Minutes of Wesleyan Conference, 1822.
Undersetter (rj^S, kntheph, a shoulder, as usually rendered), an appendage to the laver (q.'v.) in the Tem- ple of Solomon {i Kings vii, 30, 31), consisting, according to Keil (Comment, ad loc.) of props running up from the body of the vehicle and holding the basin between them.