Another (iiuseppe Valeriani was a Jesuit, and painted under (Element VIII several religious pictures, tiie best of which are in the Chiesa del Gesu.
Valerio, Saml'ei,, a .Jewish physician who flourish- ed in the island of Corfu in the 16th century, is the author of "ib"!;!! T^, or a commentary on the book of Esther (Yen. 1586), in which he made use of the Talmiul. of Jewish and Christian exegetical works, of the philo- sopiiical writings among Jews and Arabs; 1"1^5 "Tn, or a commentary on Daniel (ibid. eod.). See Fiirst, L. B. des Orients, 1845, col. 566, 606 ; Bibl. .hid. iii, 467 ; De' Rossi, Dizionario Storico (Germ, transl.), p. 325. (H. P.)
Valerius, a Spanish monk and abbot who flourish- ed in (ialici.'i aliout 6)S0. His Life of St. Fructtiosus is extant ill iMabillon, Acta Sanctor. Ord. Bened. toni. ii. Some other works exist in MS. See Mosheim, Cfinrc/t Historii, bk. ii, cent, vii, pt. ii, ch. ii.
Valerius, Augustinus. See VALmno Ago-
STINO.
Valesians, a sect or community of ascetics said to have been founded by Valens of Bacatha IMetrocomia, an episcopal city spoken of by Epiphanius and Nicetas as being in "Arabia beyond Jordan." They were said bv Epiphanius to liold some Gnostic opinions, and by St. John of Damascus to be profligate Antiiiomians. They j)racticed self-mutilation, and enforced the prac- tice on all their adherents. See Epiphanius, De H(ere- sibns, Iviii ; St. John of Damascus, De Hceresibus, Iviii.
Valesio, Francesco, an Italian painter and en- graver, flourished at A'enice about 1612. Little is known of his paintings, but his most important work is a set of jilates of hermits, engraved for a work entitled Illu- striiim A nchoretonim Elof/ia.hy Jacobus Cavacus, which was published at Venice in 1612. His plates are some- times marked Francisciis Valerius. See Spooner, Bioff, Hist, of the Fine A rts, s. v.
VALESIO
101 VALLADOLID, COUNCIL OF
Valesio, Giovanni Luigi, an Italian painter and engraver, was born at Hdlogna in 15(il. lie stiulied in the school of the Caracci and executed several works tor the churches of his native city, such as The ^Sroinyi/u/ nf Christ, in the Church of Han Pietro; The A imuucidlioii, at the Church of the iMendicanti; and 8l.lii)ch Curiiuj the Sick of the Plague, in the Cliurch of San Uocco. He went to Home, where he enjoyed g'reat reputation, and where he died in 1640. See Spooner, Biaij. Hist, of the Fine A rts, s. v.
Valesius (properly De V(dois), Hkniiy. a French antiquarian and critic, was born in Paris, Sept. 10, 1603, and educated in the Jesuit Collei;e at Verdun ami at Par- is. He formed a connection with Petavius and Sirmond which existed while they lived. In 1622 he went to Boiirges for the study of jurisprudence, and on his re- turn spent seven years in the i)ractice of law; but sub- sequently gave himself wholly to learned studies, tlie earliest fruit of which was his edition, witli critical notes, of the excerpta from Polybius, Diod. Sic, etc., made by order of the emperor Constantine Porphyro- genitus, entitled Exceiyta Polyh., Diod. Sic, Nicol. Da- masc, A pp. Alexandr. etc. (Par. 1634-48). Then fol- lowed his valuable critical edition of Ammianns ^larcel- linus (ibid. 1636; 2d improved ed. by his brother Ha- drian, 1681). These works so advanced his reputation that he was received into the circle of the foremost scholars of his time, as D'Achcry, Mabillon, cardinal Barberiiii, Leo AUatius, Crotius, and others. He was, however, troubled with weak eyes, and threatenetl with
being nephew of cardinal Navagero, who directed him in his studies at Padua. He made such progress in them th.it he was appointed in 15.i6 jirofessor of philosophy at Venice, and in lf)62 he accompanied carilinal Nauge- rius, whose secretary he was, to the Coiuicil of Trent. In 1565 he succeeded Naugerius as bishoij of Verona, and in 1579 pope Gregory XI H sent him to Dalmatia to visit the churches tiiere. In 1583 he was made car- dinal, and in 1585 he was appointed abbot of F<»rli by pope Sixtus V. In 1590 he was a member of the con- clave which appointed pope Gregory XIV. After the death of Imiocent IX, the cardinals contemplated the election of Valerius to the papal throne. Cletnent VIH, however, who was elected in his stead, appointed him examiner of the bishops and member of the Comiregatio Riluitm et Iiulicis. In 1600 Leo XI made him bishop of Palestrina. The difficulties between the pope and the republic of Venice caused liis death, which took place May 21, 1606. His writings are numerous, and are enu- merated in Jiicher, .1 /.///rinciiies Gelehrten-Lexikon, s. v. ; see also Winer, llnnilbiirh der theoloff. Literatur, ii, 61 ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biofj. Generale, s. v. (B. P.)
Valla, LoRKNZO, a Roman priest and controver- sialist, was born about 1410. He was ordained a priest in 1431, and taught rhetoric and philosophy at Pavia and Milan, wliere he had bitter controversies with the Aristotelian scholastics. In 1443 he left Rome and went to Naples, where he was patronized by Al- fonso I, but for whose protection the inipiisitors would have burned him at tlie stake. He became reconciled
total blindness; but, a reader having been provided, I to the pope, Nicholas V, by whom he was restored as
he was enabled to prosecute his studies of the ancient Church writers, and he was instructed in 1650 by the French bishops to publish a new and critical edition of their works, for which he received an annual pen- sion of 600, and after a time 800, livres. He published in consequence, Eusehii Jlistoria Ecclesiastica : — De Vita Constantini Lib. IV : — Oratio Constantiiii ad Sanc- tos : — and the treatises De Donatistis, De Anastasi, l)e Translatione fjXX liiterpretum, De Rosweidi Mar- tyrologio (Par, 1659, 1678). In 1660 Louis XIV appoint- ed him historiographer with a salary of 1200 livres, and cardinal IMazarin also gave him tokens of favor. In 1()64, at the ripe age of sixty -one years, he married Margaret Chesneau, a young girl, and became the father of seven children. He contiinied to employ his time in literary pursuits until he died, in Paris, May 7, 1676. His later works included editions of Socrates and Sozo- men; treatises on Athanasius, Paul of Constantinople, the sixth canon of the Council of Nice (Par. 16()8) ; an edition of Theodoret, one of Evagrius, with extracts from Philostorgius, and of Theodore Lector (ibid. 1673; INIogunt. 1679; Amstel. 1695). lie was planning new editions of the Latin historians of the Church when death surprised him. In Burmaini, //. V^des. Emend. Lihr. Quiiique et de Critica Libr. Duo, are given several smaller works of Valesius, some of whicii liad not been previouslj' published, and also //. Videsii Vila (Par. 1677, by his brother). In Paris (1694) were also pub- lished Valesiana. See Herzog, Real-Eiicyklop. s. v.