VENIA
V46
VENNING
share in its translation; and thus, as early as 1541, ' it was translated by Witzel : Komm, heilhjer Geut, j wahrer Gott, and has ever since found its admirers. (B. P.)
Venia {faroi-) is an ancient term, signifyint;- a mo- nastic liikeii ol' reverence, respect, or greeting, with whicli strangers and dignitaries were received on visiting the monastery.
Venial Sin is a sin wliich, according to the theol- ogy invented by the schoolmen and adopted by the (Jhiirch of Home, docs not bring spiritual death, or does not turn it away from its ultimate end. As a violation of the law of God, such a sin is somewhat subversive of its true end : nevertheless, it. is too small and insignili- cant to wholly subvert it, and therefore pardonable. These sins are divided into objective venial sins, where the matter of the sin is very small, and siibjectire venial sins, where the sinner commits the transgression with- out full advertence or consent. It is certain that, as the smallest sins contain in them rebellion against tiie su- preme authority of God, the}' must be in their own nat- ure mortal, or deserving of death; and, ou the other hand, there is no sin so great tiiat it will not be forgiven on repentance and faith in the atonement. Hence the distinction between venial sins and morlal sins will not hold. See Mohtal Six.
Venice, Council ok {Concilium Venetum). Ven- ice is a fortified city of Italy, capital of the province of the same name, situated in the lagoons of Venice, on eighty islands, at the head of the Adriatic. An ecclesi- astical council w^as held here in 1177 by pope Alexan- der III, assisted by his cardinals and several bishops from Italy, Germany, Lombardy, and Tuscany. The emperor Frederick, who had previously renounced the schism and made peace with Alexander, was present. The pope pronounced sentence of excommunication against all troublers of the peace. See JIansi, Condi, x, 1481. — Landon, Manual of Councils, p. G74.
Venier, Pietro, an Italian painter, was born in Udine in the latter part of the 17th century. He stud- ied at Venice and executed many works, both in oil and fresco. His best works are said to be some frescos in the ceiling of the Church of San Jacopo at Udine. He died in 1737. See Spooner, Bioff. Hist, of the Fine A rts, s. v.
Venilia, in ancient Italian mythologj', was a sister of Amata (queen of the Latins and mother of Lavinia\ mother of Turnus. She is thought to have been the wife of Faunus.
Venison (T'jJ or n^^2, Inmfing [as often], hence the product of the chase, i. e. food), the flesh of any wild animal (Gen. xxv, 28; xxvii, 3-31). See Hunting.
Venite Adoremus {Oh come, let us wo7-ship) is the refrain of the hymn Adeste Fideles, sung at Christ- mas-tide.
Venite Exultemus Domino (or Venite, "(), come ye"), a |isalin (the 05th) or canticle appointed to be sung in tlie matins service of tlie Church of England immediately before the psalms of the day, except on Easter- Sunday and on the 19th day of the month, when it is sung in the ordinary course of the psalms. In the English Prayer-book the Venite comprehends the whole of the 95th Psalm. But the latter part, being considered as referring chiefly to the Jews, has been omitted in the American revisal, and its place sup- plied by two verses from tlie following psalm. In the form of prayer for the visitation of prisoners, and in tliat for Thanksgiving-day, a substitute is provided to be used instead of the Venite. See Staunton, />'/c^ (>/' the Church, s. v.
Venius (or Van Veen), Otho. an eminent Dutch painter, was born at Leyden in 155C. He received a classical education, and was instructed in design by Isaac Nicholas, and in [tainting by Joducus Van Win-
ghen. On account of the civil wars, he retired to Liege, and, through the influence of cardinal Grosbeck. he went to Itome, where he entered the school (\f Federigo Zuccaro, at tlie same time studying diligently the works of the masters. He remained several years in Italy, and then set out for home. He stopped on tlie way at Vienna in the service of the emperor, and at Munich and Cologne, wher(i he executed several works for the duke of Bavaria. On his arrival at Brussels, he entered into the service of Alessandro Farnese, prince of Parma, at that time governor of tlie Netherlands. He jiainted the portrait of the prince and several historical works, which established his reputation as one of the foremost artists of his time. After the death of Farnese, he went to Antwerp, where he was employed to execute some works for the churches and public editices, and opened an academy in which he had the honor of instructing Itubens. He afterwards went to Brussels in the service of the archduke Albert, where he remained until his death, in 1634. Among his most important paintings are the Last Supper, in the Catheilral of Antwerp : — the Murriaijc of St. Catherine, in the Church of the Ca- puchins at Brussels:— the Resuri-ection of Lazarus, At (ihent: — and the Adoration of the Magi, at Bruges. He w.as also distinguished in literature. He published, among others, the War of the Batarians, from Tacitus : — IJorace^s Emblems, with Observations : — Life of Thom- as Aquinas: — and Emblems of Love, Divine and Pro- fane. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Fine Arts, s. v.