Only a few other points need here be noticed (from Smith's Did. of the Bible) in addition to what has been said elsewhere on wall construction, whether in brick, stone, or wood. See Brick; Handicraft; Mortar.
1. The practice was common, in Palestine, of carrying foundations down to the solid rock (Luke vi, 48). as in X.-l I I
the case of the Temple, and in the present day with structures intended to be permanent (Josephus, Ant. xv, 11,3; Hobinson, ii, 338 ; (Jul. Ch. C/rnm. [1857]. p. 459). The pains taken by tlie ancient builders to make good the foundations of their work may still be seen, both in the existing substructions and in the number of old stones used in more modern constructions. Some of these stones — ancient, but of uncertain date — are fronj 20 feet to 30 feet 10 inches long, 3 feet to 6 feet (J inches broad, and 5 feet to 7 feet 6 inches deep (Kobiuson, i, 233,282,28(5; iii, 228). As is the case in numberless instances of Syrian huildings, either old or built of old materials, the edges and sometimes the faces of these stones are " bevelled" in flat grooves. This is common-
1^3^
Speciiiieiis uf Aucleal WalJB.
WALL ARCADING
8G6
WALLACE
ly supposed to indicate work at least as old as the Ro- man periiid (ibid, i, 2(i 1 , •280 ; ii, 75, 76, L'TH, 353 ; iii, 52, 58. iS 1. 22',', 4G1, 4'J3, 51 1 ; Fergusson, lliindb. of A rclueol. |i. 2.S8). Uu the contrary side, see Col. Cli. Cliron. (1858), p. 350.
But the great size of these stones is far exceeded by some of lliose at Baalbek, three of which are each about 03 feet long; and one. still lying in the quarry, meas- ures t)8 feet 4 inches in length, 17 feet 2 inches broad, and 14 feet 7 inches tliick. Its weight can scarcely be less than ()t)0 tons (Kobinson, iii, 505, 512 ; Volney, Trav, ii, 241). See Stosk.
2. A feature of some parts of Solomon's buildings, as described by Josephus, corresponds remarkably to the method adopted at Nineveh of encrusting or veneering a wall of brick or stone with slabs of a more costly ma- terial, as marble or ababaster (Josephus, Ant. viii, 5, 2; Fergusson, llamlb. of A rch(vol. p. 202, 203).
3. Another use of the walls in Palestine is to support mountain roads, or terraces formed on the sides of hills tor purposes of cultivation (Robinson, ii, 493 ; iii, 14, 45). Hence the "path of the vineyards" (Numb, xxii, 24) is illustrated by Robinson as a pathway through vine- yards, with walls on each side {Bibl. lies. Vi, 80; Stanley, Silt, and I'id. p. 102, 420 ; Lindsay, Trav. p. 239 ; Maun- drell. Karhi Trar. \k 437). See Vine.
Wall Arcading, a series of niches added as an ornament in the interior walls of aisles. At Leuchars, Scotland, and at All-Saints', Stamford, it adonis the ex- terior of the church. At Battle, IMerton, Rochester, and Brecon there is a very lofty series of arcading. — Walcott, Sacred A irhceoL s. v.
Wall, Andrew J., a Methodist Episcopal minis- ter, was a native of Indiana; joined the Missouri Con- ference in 1850, and served on the Unionville, Lancaster, and Ashley circuits. After being located for some time, he was again ailmitted in 1859, and apjiointed to Lin- iieus Circuit, In 18(50 he was superaimuated ; after which he resided in Laporte, Mo., and finally settled near Fairfield, la., where he died in 1865. Mr. Wall was a man of clear intellect, average ability, and pos- sessed an exemplary spirit of humility. See Minutes of A nnual Conferences, 1865, p. 7.
Wall, George, an English Methodist preacher, and one of the original promoters of the New Connec- tion, was born in the Peak of Derbyshire in 1774, and was converted among the Methodists at the age of twenty. Removing to the village of Arnold, Notting- ham, he joined the New Connection, and was accepted in this ministry in 1799, and his seventeen appoint- ments embraced the leading circuits in the Connection, in which his integrity, piety, and devotion secured for him acceptance and great usefulness. He was three times president of conference — in 1809, 1815, and 1832. In 1838 declining health obliged him to become a super- numerary, but his forty years' labors comforted him in his retirement. He enjoyed unclouded peace in his last liours, anil died at Lightcliffe, near Halifax, March 4, 1852. See Minutes of the New Connection Conference.
'Wall, John, D.D., an English divine, was born in ]58,S; b((;nn(' prebendary of Oxford in 1632; and died ]66(). He piiblislied a number of Sermons and other jiroductioiis.
"Wall, Thomas, an English Wesleyan missionary, was sent out to .St. Clary's, Western Africa, in 1837, ar- riving tliere Nov. 26. He was studious, diligent, affec- tionate, and faithfid to all his duties. His promising life was cut short by a paroxysm of fever, and he died Aug. 24, 1838, exactly a year after the death of the la- mented young Henry Wilkinson, who preceded him on the station. See Minutes of the British Conference, 1839.
"Wall, 'Williain, D.D.. an English divine, was born in 1(;46. He was for (ifty-two years (1676-1728) vicar of Slioreham, Kent, where he died in 1728. He pub-
lished numerous works, among which are, Infant Bap- tism Asserted and Vindicated ( lt)74) : — History of Infant Baptism, in Two Parts (1705) : — and Critical Notes on the Old Testament (1734).