On Aug. 29, 1852, Young proclaimed the "celestial law of marriage," sanctioning polygamy, which he declared had been revealed to Joseph Smith in July, 1843. This was denounced by Smith's widow and her four sons as a forgery ; and, although the Mormon apostles had repeatedly and explicith' denied the imputation of such a doctrine and practice, they now accepted it without much resistance. He took to him- self a large number of wives, most of whom resided in a building known as the "Lion House," so called from a huge lion, carved in stone, which stands upon the por- tico. In addition to his office of president of the Church, he was grand archee of the Order of Danites, a secret or- ganization within the Church, which was one of the cliief sources of his absolute power; and by organizing and directing the trade and industry of the community for his own ailvantage he accumidatcd immense wealth. During the later years of his life and administration, the development of the mining interests of the Terri- tory and of the commercial interests of Salt Lake City brought a great manj' " gentiles" (as those who are not Jlormons are called by that sect) to the Territory and
city, and the temporal power of Brigham Young had greatly diminished. He died at Salt Lake City, Aug.
29, 1877.
Young, Edward (1), LL.D., an English clergy- man, father of the poet, was born in 1643. He was suc- cessively fellow of Winchester College, rector of I^pham in Hamiishire, prebeuilary of Salisbury (1682), chajilain to '\\'illiam and Mary, and dean of Salisbury'. He died in 1705. He published a number of single sermons, and a collection under the title of Sermons on Several Occa- sions (Lond. 1702-3, 2 vols.). See Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and A mer. A itthors. s. v.
Young, Edward (2), a celebrated English poet and clergyman, was born at Upham in Hampshire, in 1684. He was educated at Winchester School and at Oxford University, where he received a law fellowship in All-Souls' College in 1708. He devoted himself, however, more to poetrj' and religious studies than to law; but received the degree of B.C.L. in 1714, and that of D.C.L. in 1719. His first appearance as a poet was in 1713, in an £pistle to George, Lord Lansdmrne, on his being created a peer. He, however, became ashamed of its fulsome flattery and suppressed it. In the same year he also published two other poems of some length, entitled respectively The Last Day and The Force of Religion, or Vanquished Love. The year following he published A Poem on the Death of Queen Anne. These efforts gave him some immediate reputation, and in 1719 he ventured on the more ambitious effort of a tragedy, under the title of Busiris, which was brought out at Drury Lane with fair success. This attracted to him the notice of the duke of Wharton, with whom he went abroad at the end of this j'ear. At the death of the duke, Young received an annuity of £200, In 1721 his tragedy The Revenge was produced, but was unsuc- cessful at the time, though it has since had greater ac-. ceptance. Between 1725 and 1728 appeared in succes- sion his satires entitled The Love of L'ame,the Univer- sal Passion, which had great success, and brought to their author both money and fame. In 1726 he issued The Instalment, a poem addressed to Sir Robert Wal- pole on his being made a Knight of the Garter, for which service it is believed he obtained his pension. In 1727 he took holy orders, and was ajipointed one of the royal chaplains; and in 1730 he became rector of Welwyn, Hertfordshire, which post he retained, much against his will (for he was an anxious seeker for ec- clesiastical preferment), until his death, April 12, 1765. In 1731 he married Lady Elizabeth Lee, daughter of the Earl of Lichfield and widow ol' Colonel Lee. He exhibited great grief at her death, in 1741; and it is believed that he received the suggestion of the Night Thoughts from the solemn meditations on that event. Bv this work, begun shortly afterwards and published 1742-46, almost solely is he remembered. He published numerous other works of no present importance. In 1762 he superintended an edition of his collected works in 4 vols. 12mo, from which he excluded some of his most gushing productions. The Night Thoughts has passed through editions innumerable both in England and America. Various other editions of his collected works have also appeared from time to time, for which see Allibone, LHct. of Brit, and A mer. A uthors, s. v. See also Chalmers, Biog. Diet. s. v.; Johnson, Lives of the Poets ; Hazlitt, Lectures on the Eng. Poets, lect. vi.
Young, Jacob, D.D., a Methodist Episcopal minis- ter, was born in Allegheny County, Pa., March 19, 1776. His father was a member of the Church of England, and his mother was a Presbyterian, yet both were strangers to the converting power of Christ until brought to him by their own son. The stirring scenes and mighty struggles connected with the birth of our national republic at the time JMr. Young was ushered into life seem to have breathed into him the very spirit of greatness. His first years were passed amid the wildest scenes of frontier peril, which inspired him