Zab'diel (Heb. ZabdieV, hv^'^'^'21, gift of God), the name of three Jews mentioned in the Old Test, and Apocrj'pha.
1. (Sept. Za(iSu]\.) The father of Jashobeam, the chief of David's warriors (1 Chron. xxvii, 2). B.C. ante 1046.
2. (Sept. Zoj^pt?jX v. r. Badir]\.) Son of Haggedolim ("one of the great men") and overseer of 128 of the cap- tives returned from Babylon (Neh. xi, 14). B.C. 459.
3. (Sept. Za/3(i((/X; Josephus, Za/3?jAoc; Vidg. Z«6- diel.) An Arabian chieftain who put Alexander Balas to death (1 Mace, xi, 17 ; Josephus, Ant. xiii, 4, 8). Ac- cording to Diodorus, Balas was murdered by two of the officers who accompanied him (Miiller, Fragm. Hist, ii, 16).— Smith.
Zabriskie, John Lansing, a venerated clergyman of the Keformed (Dutch) Church in America, was born in 1779 at Albany, N. Y. He graduated at Union Col- lege in 1797, studied theology under Dr. Theodoric Romeyn, and was licensed by the Classis of Albany in 1800. His first settlement was in the united churches of Greenbush and Wynantskill, near Albany, in 1800- 11. In the latter year he removed to Hillsborough (or Millstone), near New Brunswick, N. J., where he minis- tered until his death, in 1850. His pulpit and paro- chial labors were said to be greater than those of any other minister of the region. He was a judicious, sen- sible, wise man ; an excellent " old-fashioned" preacher; evangelical, earnest, and practical ; a father to his peo- ple, and venerated by the ministry. His career was quietly useful, his character unspotted by the world, and his memory is cherished among the godly people of his large and important charge, upon whom he left
the permanent stamp of his faithful teachings. He was in person short and stout, with a large head and face, genial in expression, and easy in his manners. With all his habitual gravity and ])rofessional air, at times " in his social intercourse he would astonish and excite you by his wit, his sarcasm, and even drollery." His talents were good, and his attainments in the old theology were respectable. He knew the Gospel, and felt it and preached it with clearness, zeal, and often with great power of immediate impression. See Cor- win, Manual of the Ref Church in America, p. 277, 278. (W. J. K. T.)
Za'bud (Heb. Zabud', ^^"^1, given; Sept. Za^ovSi V. r. Zafi^ovB), son of Nathan the prophet (1 Kings iv, 5). B.C. 1012. He is described as a priest (A. V. " prin- cipal officer"), and as holding at the court of Solomon the confidential post of " king's friend," which had been occupied by Hushai the Archite during the reign of Da- vid (2 Sara. XV, 37 ; xvi, 16 ; 1 Chron. xxvii, 33). This position, if it were an official one, was evidently distinct from that of counsellor, occupied by Ahithophel under David, and had more of the character of private friend- ship about it, for Absalom conversely calls David the " friend" of Hushai (2 Sam. xvi, 17). Azariah, another son of Nathan, was " over all the (household) officers" of king Solomon ; and their advancement may doubtless be ascribed not only to the young king's respect for the venerable prophet, who had been his instructor, but to the friendship he had contracted with his sons during the course of education. The office, or rather honor, of " friend of the king" we find in all the despotic govern- ments of the East. It gives high power, without the public responsibility which the holding of a regular of- fice in the State necessarily imposes. It implies the possession of the utmost confidence of, and familiar intercourse with, the monarch, to whose person " the friend" lit all times has access, and whose influence is therefore often far greater, even in matters of state, than that of the recognised ministers of government. In the Vat. MS. of the Sept. the word " priest" is omitted, and in the Arabic of the London Polyglot it is referred to Nathan. The Peshito-Syriac and several Hebrew MSS. for " Zabud" read " Zaccur." The same occurs in the case of Zabbud. — Kitto ; Smith.
Zab'ulon (Za^ovXoJv), the Greek form (Matt, iv, 13, 15 ; Rev. vii, 8) of the Heb. name Zebulun (q. v.).
Zac'cai (Heb. Zall-ay', ''^1,]mre; Sept. ZaKxai v. r. ZaKxoii), the ancestor of 760 of the Israelites who returned from Babylon (Ezra ii, 9; Neh. vii, 14). B.C. ante 536. See also Zabbai ; Zacch.eus.
Zacchae'us (ZoKxaloc, for the Heb. Zaccai [q. v.]), the name of two Jews, mentioned the one in the Apocry- pha, and the other in the New Test.
1. An officer of Judas Maccabteus left with two oth- ers to besiege the citadel of Zion (2 Mace, x, 19). Gro- tius, from a mistaken reference to 1 Mace, v, 56, wishes to read Kal rbv tov Zaxap'iov.
2. The name of a tax-collector near Jericho, who, being short in stature, climbed up into a sycamore- tree, in order to obtain a sight of Jesus as he passed through that place. Luke only has related the inci- dent (xix, 1-10). Zacchanis was a .Jew, as may be inferred from his name and from the fact that the Sav- iour speaks of him expressly as "a son of Abraham" (vwQ 'A^parifi). So the latter expression should be understood, and not in a spiritual sense; for it was ev- idently meant to assert that he was one of the chosen race, notwithstanding the prejudice of some of his coun- trymen that his office under the Roman government made him an alien and outcast from the privileges of the Israelite. The term which designates this office (apXiTeXwvijg) is unusual, but descril)es him, no doubt, as the superintendent of customs or tribute in the dis- trict of Jericho, where he lived, as one having a com- mission from his Roman principal (nianceps,publicanus)