[477] ii. 5, 13.
[478] ii. 5.
[479] See above, p. 235.
[480] The participle Qal, used by God of Himself in His proclamations of grace or of punishment, has in this passage (cf. ver. 16) and elsewhere (especially in Deuteronomy) the force of an immediate future.
[481] So LXX.; Mass. Text, _thy_.
[482] The reading גְּדֵרָהּ is more probable than גְּדֵרָה.
[483] Or _they made it into a Ba'al_ image. So Ew., Hitz., Nowack. But Wellhausen omits the clause.
[484] Wellhausen thinks that up to ver. 14 only physical calamities are meant, but the הצלתו of ver. 11, as well as others of the terms used, imply not the blighting of crops before their season, but the carrying of them away in their season, when they had fully ripened, by invaders. The cessation of all worship points to the removal of the people from their land, which is also implied, of course, by the promise that they shall be sown again in ver. 23.
[485] Cf. Isa. xl. 1: which to the same exiled Israel is the fulfilment of the promise made by Hosea. See _Isaiah XL.-LXVI._ (Expositor's Bible), pp. 75 ff.
[486] Wellhausen calls ver. 18 a gloss to ver. 19.
[487] Massoretic Text, _her_.
[488] It is at this point, if at any, that i. 10, 11, ii. 1 (Eng., but ii. 1-3 Heb.) ought to come in. It will be observed, however, that even here they are superfluous: _And the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor counted; and it shall be in the place where it was said to them, No People of Mine are ye! it shall be said to them, Sons of the Living God! And the children of Judah and the children of Israel shall be gathered together, and they shall appoint themselves one head, and shall go up from the land: for great is the day of Jezreel. Say unto your brothers, My People, and to your sisters_ (LXX. _sister_), _She-is-Pitied_. On the whole passage see above, p. 213.
[489] Or _that is loved of her husband though an adulteress_.
[490] So LXX. The homer was eight bushels. The lethech is a measure not elsewhere mentioned.
[491] On these see above, Introduction, Chap. III., p. 38.
[492] On the text see above, p. 214.
[493] xi. 9.
[494] As the stories all written down before this had made familiar to Israel.