[329] =hypomonê= (x. 36).
[330] Chap. xii. 14.
[331] Chap. xiii. 13.
[332] Chap. iv. 3.
[333] Chap. ix. 15.
[334] Chap. x. 19.
[335] =onkon= (xii. 1).
[336] =euperistaton=.
[337] =agôna=.
[338] Chap. xii. 2.
[339] =archêgon= (ii. 10).
[340] =teteleiôken= (x. 14).
[341] =prodromos= (vi. 20).
[342] =teteleiômenon= (vii. 28).
[343] Reading =eis heautous= (xii. 3).
[344] =analogisasthe= (xii. 3).
[345] Chap. ii. 13.
[346] Chap. iii. 2.
[347] =eis paideian hypomenete= (xii. 7, where the verb is indicative, not imperative).
[348] Num. xvi. 22.
[349] Prov. xvi. 7.
[350] =to chôlon= (xii. 13).
[351] Chap. ix. 28.
[352] =epispkopountes= (xii. 15).
[353] =hysterôn apo=.
[354] Deut. xxix. 18.
[355] Chap. xiii. 4. Cf. Rom. i. 18 sqq.
[356] Gen. xxv. 32.
[357] Gen. xxii. 18.
[358] Gen. xxvii. 36.
[359] =adokimos= (vi. 8).
[360] Chap. vi. 6.
"For ye are not come unto _a mount_ that might be touched, and that burned with fire, and unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest, and the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words; which _voice_ they that heard entreated that no word more should be spoken unto them: for they could not endure that which was enjoined, If even a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned; and so fearful was the appearance, _that_ Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake: but ye are come unto Mount Zion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable hosts of angels, to the general assembly and Church of the first-born who are enrolled in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect, and to Jesus the Mediator of a new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaketh better than _that of_ Abel. See that ye refuse not Him that speaketh. For if they escaped not, when they refused him that warned _them_ on earth, much more _shall not_ we _escape_, who turn away from Him that _warneth_ from heaven: whose voice then shook the earth: but now He hath promised, saying, Yet once more will I make to tremble not the earth only, but also the heaven. And this _word_, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that have been made, that those things which are not shaken may remain. Wherefore, receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us have grace, whereby we may offer service well-pleasing to God with reverence and awe, for our God is a consuming fire."--HEB. xii. 18-29 (R.V.).
Mutual oversight is the lesson of the foregoing verses. The author urges his readers to look carefully that no member of the Church withdraws from the grace of God, that no prison of bitterness troubles and defiles the Church as a whole, that sensuality and worldliness are put away. In the paragraph that comes next he still has the idea of Church fellowship in his mind. But his advice to his readers to exercise supervision over one another yields to the still more urgent warning to watch themselves, and especially to shun the most dangerous even of these evils, which is worldliness of spirit. Esau was rejected; see that ye yourselves refuse not Him that speaketh.
That the passage is thus closely connected with what immediately precedes may be admitted. But it must be also connected with the entire argument of the Epistle. It is the final exhortation directly based on the general idea that the new covenant excels the former one. As such it may be compared with the earlier exhortation, given before the allegory of Melchizedek introduced the notion that the old covenant had passed away, and with the warning in the tenth chapter which precedes the glorious record of faith's heroes from Abel to Jesus. As early as the second chapter he warns the Hebrew Christians not to drift away and neglect a salvation revealed in One Who is greater than the angels, through whom the Law had been given. In the later exhortations he adds the notion of the blood of the covenant, and insists, not merely on the greatness, but also on the finality, of the revelation. But in the concluding passage, which now opens before us, he makes the daring announcement that all the blessings of the new covenant have already been fulfilled, and that in perfect completeness and grandeur. We _have_ come unto Mount Zion; we _have_ received a kingdom which cannot be shaken. The passage must, therefore, be considered as the practical result of the whole Epistle.