[327] Jos. Ant. xiv. 10, passim; Acts xxii. 25-29.
[328] Comp. Acts xix. 14 ix. 2.
[329] Jos. Ant. xii. 2. 5; xiii. 3. 4; Ag. Ap.ii. 5; Ant. xiv. 16. 4; War v. 13.
[330] Jos. War ii. 10. 4; ii. 17.
[331] One of these tablets has lately been excavated. Comp. The Temple: its Ministry and Services in the Time of Christ,' p. 24.
[332] War iv. 4. 3; comp. War ii. 17. 2-4.
[333] War, vii. 3. 3.
[334] War, vii. 5. 2.
[335] Comp. generally Neubauer, Géogr. du Talmud, pp. 312, 313.
[336] Acts x.28.
[337] Comp. Rom. ii. 17-24.
[338] Ber. iii. 3; Meg. i. 8; Moed K. iii. 4; Men. iii. 7. Comp. Jos. Ant. iv.8.13; and the tractate Mezuzah in Kirchheim, Septem libri Talmud. parvi Hierosol. pp. 12-17.
[339] St. Matt. xxiii. 5; Ber. i. 3; Shabb. vi. 2; vii. 3; xvi. 1; Er. x. 1, 2; Sheq. iii. 2; Meg. i. 8; iv. 8; Moed. Q. iii. 4; Sanh. xi. 3; Men. iii. 7; iv. 1; Kel. xviii. 8; Miqv. x. 3; yad. iii. 3. Comp. Kirchheim, Tract. Tephillin, u. s. pp. 18-21.
[340] Moed K. iii. 4; Eduy. iv. 10; Men. iii. 7; iv. 1. Comp. Kirchheim, Tract. Tsitsith, u. s. pp. 22-24.
[341] The Tephillin enclosed a transcript of Exod. xiii. 1-10, 11-16; Deut. vi. 4-9; xi. 13-21. The Tsitsith were worn in obedience to the injunction in Num. xv. 37 etc.; Deut. xxii. 12 (comp. St. Matt. ix. 20; xiv. 36; St. Mark v. 27; St. Luke viii. 44).
[342] It is remarkable that Aristeas seems to speak only of the phylacteries on the arm, and Philo of those for the head, while the LXX. takes the command entirely in a metaphorical sense. This has already been pointed out in that book of gigantic learning, Spencer, De Leg. Heb. p. 1213. Frankel (Uber d. Einfl. d. Pal. Exeg., pp. 89, 90) tries in vain to controvert the statement. The insufficiency of his arguments has been fully shown by Herzfeld (Gesch. d. Volk. Isr. vol. iii. p. 224).
[343] Acts xv. 21.
[344] sunagog Jos. Ant. xix. 6. 3; War, ii. 14. 4, 5; vii. 3. 3; Philo, Quod omnis probus liber, ed. Mangey, ii. p. 458; sunaggion Philo, Ad Caj. ii. p. 591; sabbateon Jos. Ant. xvi. 66. 2 proseuktrionPhilo, Vita Mosis, lib. iii., ii. p. 168.
[345] Acts xvi.13
[346] proseuch Jos. Ant. xiv. 10 23, life 54; Philo, In Flacc. ii. p. 523; Ad Caj. ii. pp. 565, 596; Epiphan. Haer. 1xxx. 1. Comp. Juven. Sat. iii. 296: Ede ubi consistas? in qua te quæro proseucha?'
[347] Comp., among others, Ovid, Ars Amat. i. 76; Juv. Sat. xvi. 96, 97; Hor. Sat. i. 5. 100; 9. 70; Suet. Aug. 93.
[348] Persius v. 180.
[349] St. John iv. 20.
[350] Comp. Jos. Ant. xiv. 7. 2; xvi. 6, passium; Philo, De Monarchia, ed. Mangey, ii. p. 224; Ad Caj. ii. p. 568; Contra Flacc. ii. p. 524.
[351] Philo, De Monarchia, ii. p. 223.
[352] Philo, in a fragment preserved in Euseb., Præpar. Ev. viii. 13. What the Temple was in the estimation of Israel, and what its loss boded, not only to them, but to the whole world, will be shown in a later part of this book.
[353] War vi. 9. 3; comp. ii. 14. 3
[354] Even Maimonides, in spite of his desire to minimise the Messianic expectancy, admits this.
[355] This is the tenth of the eighteen (or rather nineteen) benedictions in the daily prayers. Of these the first and the last three are certainly the oldest. But this tenth also dates from before the destruction of Jerusalem. Comp. Zunz, Gottesd. Vortr. d. Juden, p. 368.
[356] Hos. xi. 11.
[357] Midr. On Cant. i. 15, ed. Warshau, p. 11b.
[358] Comp. Jer. Sanh. x. 6; Sanh. 110 b: Yalk. Shim.