[5587] These phrases occur frequently in Jewish writings for dying: the hour has come' to depart out of this world.' Thus, in Targum on Cant. i. 7, when the hour had come that Moses should depart out of the world;' Shem. R. 33, what hour the time came for our father Jacob that he should depart out of the world.'
[5588] The words may also be rendered to the uttermost.' But it seems more natural to understand the having loved' as referring to all Christ's previous sayings and doings, as it were, the summing up of the whole past, like St. Matt. xxvi. 1: when Jesus had finished all these sayings,' and the other clause (He loved them to the end') as referring to the final and greatest manifestation of His love; the one being the terminus a quo, the other the terminus ad quem.
[5589] St. Luke xxii. 7.
[5590] ver. 13.
[5591] ver. 14.
[5592] ver. 15.
[5593] It deserves notice that the latest Jewish writer on the subject (Joël, Blicke in d. Relig. Gesch. Part II. pp. 62 & c.) - however we may otherwise differ from him - has by an ingenious process of combination shown, that the original view expressed in Jewish writings was, that Jesus was crucified on the first Paschal day, and that this was only at a later period modified to the eve of the Pascha,' Sanh. 43 a, 67 a (the latter in Chasr. haSh., p. 23 b).
[5594] It has of late, however, found an advocate even in the learned Bishop Haneberg.
[5595] St. John xvii. 28.
[5596] St. John xviii. 28.
[5597] So Archdeacon Watkins (in Excursus F, in Bp. Ellicot's Commentary on the N.T.,' Gospel of St. John).
[5598] Sebbach. v. 8.
[5599] St. Luke xxii. 8.
[5600] St. Matthew calls him such an one' (tn dena). The details are furnished by St. Mark and St. Luke, and must be gathered from those Gospels.
[5601] 1 Sam. x. 3.
[5602] We combine the words from the three Synoptists.
[5603] Literally, I do.
[5604] St. Matthew.
[5605] So in St Luke and also according to the better reading in St. Mark.
[5606] St. Mark and St Luke.
[5607] St. Mark xiv. 14: St. Luke xxii. 11.
[5608] The word occurs seven times in the LXX. and twice in the Apocrypha (Ecclus. xiv. 25; 1 Macc. iii 45). But out of these nine passages only in one, 1 Sam. ix. 22, does it stand for apartment.'
[5609] St. Luke ii. 7.
[5610] Pes. vii. 13.
[5611] The Mishnah explains certain regulations for such cases. According to the Targum Pseudo-Jon., each company was not to consist of less than ten persons; according to Josephus (War vi. 9. 3), of not more than twenty.
[5612] Pes. viii. 1.
[5613] Pes. viii. 2.
[5614] 1 Cor. xi. 23.
[5615] Yoma 12 a; Megill, 26 a.
[5616] Comp. similarly, for example, St Mark v. 41; x. 18.
[5617] St. Mark.
[5618] Babha B vi. 4.
[5619] The Talmud puts it that slaves were wont to take their meals standing, and that this reclining best indicated how Israel had passed from bondage into liberty.
[5620] Pes. x. 1.
[5621] St. John xviii. 1, 2.
[5622] Pes. ii. 3
[5623] As it was symbolic of the clay on which the children of Israel worked in Egypt, the rubric has it that it must be thick (Pes. 116 a).
[5624] The contention that it was unfermented wine is not worth serious discussion, although in modern practice (for reasons needless to mention) its use is allowed.
[5625] The whole rubric is found in Jer. Pes. 37 c. The log = to the contents of six eggs. Herzfeld (Handelsgesch. p. 184) makes 1/32 of a log = a dessert spoon. 12 log = 1 hin.
[5626] Chag. i. 2.
[5627] Menach. xiii. 8.
[5628] Sheqal. ii. 4.
[5629] But it may have been otherwise; perhaps the lamb was even procured by the owner of the Upper Chamber,' since it might be offered for another. At the same time the account in the text seems to accord best with the Gospel-narrative.