and totality of the subject, as in Matt. vi. 22, 'o THE light, etc., q.d. the body has no light except the eye ; or (2) the whole species, as in Matt. xv. 11, TO siaipyj/xsvov, that which entereth — TO fefftftv^tttiw, that ivliich cometh out — and in Rom. i. 17, 'o & 5/xa/og, but THE just, i.e. he that is, or every one that is, just ; or (3) the singularity and oneness [i.e. the definite and exclusive individuality] of the subject, as in Matt, i. 23, *H vapdivog, THE virgin — in John i. 21, 'o Xpitrog, THE Christ, 'O <rpo<prirric, THE prophet — in John xiii. 13, 'O A/eia<rxaXoc, xai'O Kvptog, THE Teacher, and THE Lord; or (4) the restriction of the whole genus to a particular species, as in Acts xix. 17, TO 12 xarcc/x&Dcv, WHO dwelt at. In logic, however, universal and singular propositions are equivalent ; whence (5) it has fre quently a relative force, and that even in partition,1 as in Luke xviii. 10, 'O iTg ipapiffa/b; xai'O erepog r&uvr,c, THE one a Pharisee and THE other a publican — and in Rev. xvii. 10, ' O tJg esnv, ' O aXXoj OUTTW rjXds, THE one is, THE other has not yet come; or (6) it expresses a certain peculiar degree of a thing (rei exquisitam quandam rationem), as in Matt. viii. 12, 'O xXaufyio?, THE2 weep ing, sc. weeping, compared with which earthly weeping is not weeping. It is, in fact, a subject which deserves to be more carefully examined by Philologists.3 In this passage, 'O ifombg signifies the whole race of Heathens, and any one thereto be longing. Thus, in the S.V. of Deut. xxviii. 29, we have 'O rupXoj, THE blind. — %ai o r&uvqg, and the publicaii) It was easy for the Jews to consider any one in the light of a heathen, therefore this clause is added to increase the force of the language ; for the publicans dwelt amongst the Jews, but were shunned by them.
18. "Oaa sav, whatsoever) i.e. all things with regard to which the power of binding and loosing holds good, especially of-
1 i.e. In distinguishing between divisions of a whole, classes of a mass, species of a genus, or individuals of a certain description. The two men mentioned in the example both answered to the description of those that "went up into the temple to pray;" — here their similarity or affinity, as parts of a whole, or members of a class, ceased ; — the article separates them from, and contrasts them with, each other. — (I. B.)
J Cf. Gnomon in loc.— (I. B.)
3 Bengel saw the want : it has since been supplied by Middleton. — (I. B.)