5—8.
7. καὶ στήσαντες αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ µέσῳ,
125
ἐπυνθάνοντο, Ἐν ποίᾳ δυνάμει
Α 3 αν. 3 2 4 ~ © NEL , Δ ἢ ἐν ποίῳ ὀνόματι ἐποιήσατε τοῦτο ὑμεῖς; 8. Τότε Πέτρος, πλησθεὶς
Πνεύματος Αγίου, εἶπε πρὸς αὐτούς,
from the scribes of Galilee, but it is doubtful whether the words can bear this (see also Rendall, who favours the same view as Weiss). Holtzmann and Wendt, on the other hand, defend εἰς, and suppose that the members of the Sanhedrim were obliged to hurry into the city from their country estates. Zéckler applies ἐν ερ. not only to γραμματεῖς, but also to the other mem- bers of the Sanhedrim, and sees in the words an intimation that the sitting was hurriedly composed of the members actually present in Jerusalem.
Ver. 6. Αννας: Caiaphas, the son-in- law of Annas, was the high priest actually in office, but like other retired high priests, the latter retained not only the title, but also many of the rights and obligations of the office. Josephus cer- tainly appears to extend the title to ex-high priests, and so in the N.T. where ἀρχιερεῖς appear at the head of the Sanhedrim as in this passage (ἄρχοντες), the ex-high priests are to be understood, first and foremost, as well as the high- priest actually in office. The difficulty here is that the title is given to Annas alone, and this seems to involve that he was also regarded as president of the Sadducees, whereas it is always the actual ἀρχιερεύς who presides, cf. Acts v. 17, Vile EEN πχ ο. χι ο. 1} κιν. τ. But not only is the laxity of the term to be considered, but also the fact that Annas on account of his influence as the head of the γένος ἀρχιερατικόν may have remained the presiding ἀρχιερεύς in spite of all the rapid changes in the tenure of the high-priestly office under the Romans. These changes the Jews would not re- cognise as valid, and if the early chapters of Acts came to St. Luke as seems probable from Jewish Christian sources, Annas might easily be spoken of as high- priest. His relationship to Caiaphas helps to explain the influence and power of Annas. On Hamburger’s view (Real- Encyclopddie des Fudentums, ii., 8, p. 1151,’ Synhedrion”’), that a Rabbiand not the high-priest presided over the Saddu- cees, see Edersheim, History of the fewish Nation, p. 522, and Schiirer, Η. s., p. 180. For Annas, see Jos., Ant., xvili., 2, 12, xx., g, I, and see further ‘“ Annas”’ in B.D.? and Hastings’ B.D.—’ Ιωάννης: identified by J. Lightfoot (cf. also Wetstein) with
” n A Δ = Άρχοντες τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ πρεσ-
the famous Johanan ben Zacchai, presi- dent of the Great Synagogue after its removal to Jamnia, who obtained leave from Vespasian for many of the Jews to settle in the place. But the identifica- tion is very uncertain, and does not appear to commend itself to Schiirer; see critical note above.—’Adéavdpos: of him too nothing is known, as there is no confir- matory evidence to identify him with the brother of Philo, alabarch of Alexandria, and the first man of his time amongst the Jews of that city, Jos., Ant., xviii., 8, 1, xix., 5, I, xx., 5, B.D.? and Hastings’ B.D., ‘‘ Alexander ”’.
Ver. 7. ἐν τῷ µέσφ: according to the Mishnah the members of the court sat in a semicircle, see Hamburger, w. s., to be able to see each other. But it is unnecessary to press the expression, it may be quite general, cf. Matt. xiv. 6, Mark iii. 3, John viii. 3. On the usual submissive attitude of prisoners, see Jos., Ant., xiv., 9, 4. In this verse R.V. supplies “was there’”’ as a verb, Annas being its subject. Various attempts to amend the broken construc- tion—all the proper names are in the nominative (not in accusative as T.R.), 5ο W.H., R.V., Wendt, Weiss; D. reads συνήχθησαν, so Blass in B.—év ποίᾳ: by. what kind of power; or may = tim, xxiii. 34.—év ποίῳ ὀνόματι: in virtue of what name? ‘‘nomen hic vis ac potestas’’ Grotius and Wetstein, in loco. They ask as if they would accuse them of referring to some magical name or formula for the performance of the miracles, xix. 13 (on ὄνομα see iii. 16), cf. LXX, Exodus v. 23. Probably they would like to bring the Apostles under the condemnation pronounced in Deut. xiii. 1. ‘* So did they very foolishly conceit that the very naming of some name might do wonders—and the Talmud forgeth that Ben Sadha wrought miracles by putting the unutterable name w:thin the skin of his foot and then sewing it up,” J. Lightfoot. —ipeis: as if in scorn, with depreciatory emphasis at the close of the question, so’ Wendt, and Blass, Grammattk des N. G., Ρ. 160,—rotro: not this teaching (Ols- hausen), but the miracle on the lame man.