Σαλμώνιον (ος Zapp.) may be explained, 50. Όρος, Winer-Schmiedel, p. 65.
Ver. 8. µόλις τε παραλεγ. αὐτὴν: “and with difficulty coasting along 15,” 1.ε., Crete on the southern side—with difficulty because under the same condi- tions as in their journey along the coast of Asia Minor (Breusing) (this is better than to refer αὐτήν to Σαλμώνην, and render to work past, to weather, cf. Grimm- Thayer); mapadéyopar, ovam legere, Diodorus Siculus, Strabo.—Kadots Λιμένας: a small bay two miles east of Cape Matala, in modern Greek, Aupe- ὤνας Καλούς, J. Smith, p. 82, and Appendix, p. 251 ff., 4th edition ; not men- tioned, however, elsewhere. This harbour would afford them shelter for a time, for west of Cape Matala the land trends suddenly to the north, and they would have been again exposed to the north- westerly winds; see further for a de- scription of the place Findlay’s Mediter- ranean Directory, p. 66, quoted by Breu- sing and Goerne, who also have no doubt that the place is identical with that men- tioned by St. Luke (see also Wendt, 1898 and 1899).—Aacata, see critical note; like the Fair Havens not men- tioned by name in any ancient writer,
520
το. Άνδρες, θεωρῶ ὅτι μετὰ
ὕβρεως καὶ πολλῆς ζημίας od µόνον
tod! φόρτου καὶ τοῦ πλοίου, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ψυχῶν ἡμῶν, µέλλειν
1 SsABHLP, Chrys., and Tisch., W.H.-
but since 1856 it may be fairly said that its identification has been established with a place some four miles to the east of Fair Havens, or rather the ruins of a place to which the name Lasea was still given, see J. Smith, 4th edition, p. 82, and p. 268 (Appendix) ; Alford, Proleg. to Acts, p. 27. If Lasea was one of “the (ninety or) hundred towns of Crete,” and one of the smaller amongst them, it ceases to be strange that no precise mention of it should occur in ancient writers (Grimm).
Ver.g. ixavod δὲ xp. γεν.: not since the commencement of the voyage (as Meyer), but since they lay weather- bound. Wendt (1899) agrees with Meyer as against Weiss and Ramsay, on the ground that there is no ἐκεῖ, so Hackett. —émig. τοῦ πλοός: “terminus proprie nauticus,’ Klostermann, Vindici@ Lu- can@, J. Smith, p. 84, who refers to Jul. Pollux, i., 105, although the adjective was not distinctively so. It is only used by St. Luke, and although it is frequently employed by medical writers, it is found also in Plato, Polybius, Plutarch (cf. also Wisd. ix. 14, and for the adverb iv. 4). τοῦ πλοός: “the voyage,” R.V., but perhaps “sailing,” A.V., is best, so Ramsay—the dangerous season for sailing had commenced; in the next verse = “ νογασε,” ἐ.ε., to Rome (Alford); only in Luke, cf. xxi. 7, on the form of the genitive see Winer-Schmiedel, p. 84, cf. 1 Cor. xiv. 15, 19,2 Thess. 1.2. The dangerous season was reckoned from 14th September to 11th November, and from 11th Novem- ber to 5th March all navigation was discontinued; see Blass, im loco, and Ramsay, Saint Paul, p. 322; according to Hesiod, Works and Days, 619, navi- gation ceased after the setting of the Pleiades about 20th October. The Jewish period for navigation ended 28th September.— διὰ τὸ καὶ τὴν νηστείαν ἤδη παρεληλυθέναι: the mention of the fact that the Fast, z.e., the Great Day of Atonement, Lev. xvi. 29, Jos., Ant., xiv., 16, 4, was over, Tisri the roth, made the danger more apparent. According to Mr. Turner, “Chronology,” Hastings’ B.D., the great Fast on Tisri το in 58 A.D. fell ciyca 15th September, so that the dangerous sailing season would have just commenced. In Α.Ρ. 59, the
R.V., Blass, Weiss, Wendt read φορτιον.
date preferred by Ramsay, the Fast would be on 5th October. Starting from the view that a considerably later point of time than Tisri το is implied, cf. xxviii. II, various attempts have been made to interpret νηστεία differently, and it has been referred to the Athenian festi- val of the Thesmophoria, the third day of which was so called; or to some nautical mode of expression not elsewhere em- ployed equivalent to extremum autumnt, but all such attempts are based upon no authority (Zockler, im loco), and there can be no doubt that the expression ‘‘ the Fast” kar’ ἐξοχήν refers to the Jewish Fastasabove. St. Paul usually reckoned after the Jewish calendar, 1 Cor. xvi. 8, and as Wendt observes there is nothing strange in the fact that his travel-com- panion should also so reckon, cf. xx. 6 above, even if he was a Gentile Christian, an observation to be noted in face of Schmiedel’s recent arguments against the Lucan authorship, Encycl. Biblica, p. 44,1899. The indication that St. Paul kept the Jewish Fast Day is significant. —wapyve.: ‘ admonished,” R. and A.V., in N.T. only here, and in ver. 22, see note. The Apostle had sufficient experience to justify him, 2 Cor xi. 25 (Weiss), his interposition is all an indication of the respect which he had secured: “the event iustified St. Paul’s advice,” J. Smith.