f xii 25; 2 Cor. xiii. 11; Rom. xii. 16, xv
ment of Paul’s unadorned κήρυγμα τοῦ σταύρον. Mistaking the nature of the Gospel, the Cor. mistook the office of its ministers; on the former subject they are corrected in 1. 18δ-Η. 5 showing in what sense and why the Gospel is ot, and in ii. 6-ili. 2 showing in what sense and to whom the Gospel is a σοφία; the latter misconception is rectified in iii. 3-iv. 21, where, with express reference to Ap. and P., Christian teachers are shown to be πο: competing leaders of human schools but ‘“‘fellow-workmen of God’ and ‘ ser- vants of Christ,’’ co-operative and com- plementary instruments of His sovereign work in the building of the Church. The four chapters constitute an apologia for the Apostle’s teaching and office, parl. to those of 2 Cor. x.-xiii. and Gal. i.-iii. ; but the line of defence adopted here is quite distinct. Here Paul pleads against Hellenising lovers of wisdom, there against Judaising lovers of tradition. Both parties stumbled at the cross; both judged of the Ap. κατὰ σάρκα, and fast- ened upon his defects in visible prestige and presence. The existence of the legalist party at Cor. is intimated by the cry, “1 am of Cephas,” and by Paul’s words of self-vindication in ix. 1 f.; but this faction had as yet reached no con- siderable head; it developed rapidly in the interval between 1 and 2 Cor.
§ 3. THE REPORT ABOUT THE Ῥακ- TIES, AND PAUL’S EXPOSTULATION, i, 10-178 Without further preface,
the Apostle warns the Cor. solemnly against their schisms (το), stating the testimony on which his admonition is based (11). The four parties are defined out of the mouths of the Cor. (12); and the Ap. protests esp. against the use of Christ’s name and of his own in this connexion (13). In founding the Church he had avoided all self-exaltation, bent only on fulfilling his mission of preaching the good news (14-172). Ver. το. ‘But I exhort (appeal to) you, brothers:”’ the reproof to be given stands in painful contrast (δέ with the Thanksgiving. It is administered “through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ,” which the Ap. has invoked so often (see note on 8); all the authority and grace of the Name reinforce his appeal, “that you say the same thing,.
10-12.
pata, ἦτε δὲ " κατηρτισµένοι ἐν ' τῷ
“youn: 11. | ἐδηλώθη γάρ por περὶ ὑμῶν, ἀδελφοί µου, ὑπὸ " τῶν Χλόης ὅτι " ἔριδες ἐν ὑμῖν εἰσί: 12. "λέγω δὲ τοῦτο, ὅτι ἕκαστος Εγὼ pév εἰμι ? Παύλου,” “Eye δὲ ’᾽Απολλώ,” ““᾿Εγὼ δὲ
ee?
ὑμῶν λέγει,
---
14; Acts χχ. 3; Rev. xvii. 13,17 only; Wisd. vii. 16; 2 Macc. iv. 39, etc ix. 8, xii. 27; 1 Pet. i. 11; 2 Pet. i. 14; Ex. vi. 3, etc. 2 Cor. xii. 20; Tit. iii. 9. Sing., iii. 3; Rom. i. 29, xiii. 13; Gal. v. 20; Ph. i. 15. p Same gen., iii. 23, xv. 23; Rom. xiv. 8; Acts ix. 2, etc.
x. 29; Gal. iii 17.
all (of you),’’ instead of “saying, each of you, I am of Paul,” etc. (12).---Τὸ αὐτὸ λέγειν, “a strictly classical expression used of political communities which are free from factions, or of diff. states which entertain friendly relations with each other” (Lt.). Τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖν, in 2 Cor. xiii, 11, etc., is matter of temper and dis- position ; τὸ αὐτὸ λέγειν, of attitude and declaration: the former is opposed to self-interest, the latter to party zeal. On the weakened use of ἵνα after παρακαλῶ (purpose passing into purport) see Wr., pp. 420 ff. ; more frequently in P., as in cl. usage, this vb. is construed with the inf. ; so always in Acts; with ἵνα regularly in Synoptics. For the meanings of παρα- καλῶ see iv. 13.
“And (that) there be not amongst you σχίσµατα (clefts, splits),” defines nega- tively the ἵνα τὸ αὐτὸ λέγητε πάντες. The schism (see parls.) is a party division within the Church, not yet, as in eccl. usage, a culpable separation from it; ἔριδες (11) signifies the personal conten- tions, due to whatever cause, which lead το σχίσµατα; αἱρέσεις (xi. 18 f.: see note) are divisions of opinion, or sects founded thereupon (Acts v. 17, etc.), implying a disagreement of principle. The schism is arent in the Church, an injury to the fabric (cf. iii. 17, xii. 25); hence the further appeal, revertmg to the positive form of expression,—‘ but that you be well and surely (pf. ptp.) adjusted”’ (coagmentati, Bg.)—“ the exact word for the healing or repairing of the breaches caused by the o xlopata” (Al.). καταρτίζω has a like political sense in cl. Gr. (Herod.; iv. 161; ν. 28, in opp. to στάσις); ‘the marked classical colouring of such passages as this leaves a much stronger impression of St. Paul’s acquaintance with cl. writers than the rare occasional quotations which occur in his writings ” (Lt.). “ΤΠ the same dis- cernment (vot), and in the same judg- ment (γνώμῃ) : “ vots geht auf die Einsicht, γνώμη auf das Urtheil” (Hn.) ; gnomé is the application of nous in prac-