Holsten rejects the parenthetical 4 πέτρα δέ clause as a theological gloss; but it is necessary to explain the previous ἐκ πνευµ. ἀκολ. πέτρας, and is covered doctrinally by the δι οὗ τὰ πάντα ot viii. 6 (see note). Already Jewish theo- logy had referred to the hypostatized “Wisdom” (see Wisd. x.), or ‘‘ the Logos” (Philo passim), the protection and sustenance of ancient Israel. The Ο.Τ. saw the spiritual ‘rock of Israel ”’ in Jehovah (Deut. xxxii., 2 Sam. xxiii. 3, Isa. xvii. 10, xxvi. 4, etc.), whose offices
1-7. ΠΡΟΣ ΚΟΡΙΝΘΙΟΥΣ Α 859. r δὲ] πέτρα] Χῆν 6 Χριστό. 5. ἀλλ οὐκ lev "' τοῖς ™ πλείοσιν * ae a αὐτῶν |" εὐδόκησεν 3 ὁ "Θεός: " κατεστρώθησαν γὰρ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμω. ο 6. Ταῦτα δὲ Ρ τύποι ἡμῶν ἐγενήθησαν, Seis Ἱτὸ 3 μὴ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ος, ᾿ἠἐπιθυμητὰς κακῶν, καθὼς κἀκεῖνοι " ἐπεθύμησαν: 7. μηδὲ ! εἴδω- po ab xii. 11;
Ezek. xxxvii. 11. 12 Cor. xii. το; Mt. iii. 17, and parls.; Jer. xiv. 12. m 5εδεΊχ, το. (ni. 21;
Gal. i. 15; Col. i. 19; Mt. iii. 17, etc.; Lk. xii. 32. Cf. ευδοκια, Eph. i. 5,9; Ph. ii. 13; Mt. xi. 26;
11. τὴ χι 2x. ο Numb. xiv. 16. p In this sense, Rom. v. 14; diff. in Rom. vi. 17, etc. q 2 Cor. iv. 4; 2 Th. ii. 2; 1 Pet. iii. 7; Acts vii. το. τ Ν.Τ. ἡμ.; Numb. xi. 34. A cl. word. 5 Absol., Rom. vii. 7, xiii. 9 (Ex. xx. 17); Gal. v. 17; Ja. iv. 2. t See ver. 10. ,
1η πετρα δε: SBD*c—irregular order. : ἔηνδοκησεν, AB*C. On the augment, see Wr., p. 83.
of grace, in the N.T. view of things, devolve on Christ.—The Ap. does not in 8ο many words associate the “ spiritual food”’ and ‘“‘drink”’ of vv. 3 f. with the Lord’s Supper, as he did the crossing of the Red Sea with Baptism; but the second analogy is suggested by the first,
and by the reference to the Eucharist
in vv. 15 ff. Inno other place in the N. T. are the two Sacraments collocated.
Ver. 5. ‘‘But not with the greater part (of them) ”—a ‘‘tragic Litotes: only Joshua and Caleb reached the Promised Land ”’ (Num. xiv. 30: Mr.). The result negatives what one expects from the antecedents; hence the strong adver- sative ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ.- τοῖς πλείοσιν---'' the majority’ of the πάντες 5ο _ highly favoured ; cf. xv. 6. πηὐδόκησεν ἐν (after the LXX), Heb. chaphets b’ ; the ἐν resem- bles that of ix. 15; see Wr., p. 201. ---κατεστρώθησαν γὰρ κ.τ.λ., ‘ For they (their bodies) were laid prostrate in the wilderness,”’ gives graphic proof, in words borrowed from the O.T. narrative, of God’s displeasure; sooner or later this doom overtook nearly all the witnesses of the Exodus (cf. Heb. iii. 17). ‘*‘ What a spectacle for the eyes of the self-satis- fied Cor.: all these bodies, full-fed with miraculous nourishment, strewing the soil of the desert!’ (Gd.).
§ 32. THE Morat CONTAGION OF IDOLATRY, x. 6-14. The fall of the Israel of the Exodus was due to the very temp- tations now surrounding the Cor. Church —to the allurements of idolatry and its attendant impurity (6 ff.), and to the cherishing of discontent and presump- tion (9 f.). Their fate may prove our salvation, if we lay it to heart; the pre- sent trial, manifestly, is nothing new; and God who appoints it will keep it within our strength, and will provide us with means of escape (ττ ff.). The whole is summed up in one word, ‘‘Flee from idolatry !’’ (14).
Ver. 6. ταῦτα τύποι ἡμῶν ἐγενήθησαν may mean (a) “‘ These things have been made our examples,” tyfi nobis (Cv.)— 5ο. exx. for our use; (b) ‘In these things (acc. of specification) they proved types of us ”’—/figure nostri (Vg., Bz., Mr., Bt., R.V. marg.); or (c) ‘As types of us they became such” (so Hf.: cf. ταῦτα... ἦτε, vi. 11)—a construction clashing with that of the parl. ver. 11. (a) best suits the application of ταῦτα in the sequel (cf. 1 Pet. v. 3); to make the fallen Israelites prophetic ‘‘types”’ of the Cor. would be to presume the ruin of the latter !—éyevyOnoav is pl. despite the neut. pl. subject ταῦτα, through the attraction of the predicate: so πάντα ταῦτα κακουργίαι ἦσαν in Xenophon; the incidents included are distinctly viewed. For the deterrent ‘‘ example,” cf. Heb. iv. 11.—With ἐπιθυμ. κακῶν cf. ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν, Rom. i. 30: the double ἐπιθυμητὰς . . . ἐπεθύμησαν recalls Num. xi. 4 (LXX); in alluding to the old ‘‘lusting” for the diet of Egypt, the Ap. hints at the attraction of the Cor. idol-feasts; but his dehortation applies to all κακά (cf. 2 Cor. xiii. 7, 1 Thess. ν. 15, etc.). “Phe general admonition is specialised in four particulars, with re- peated pnde—idolatry, fornication, tempt- ing of the Lord, murmuring—based on the analogy furnished by vy. 1-5.