Ver. 28 expounds the µέλη ἐκ µέρους. —ots μὲν (cf. 8 ff.) should be followed by οὓς δέ; but πρῶτον intervening suggests δεύτερον, τρίτον in the sequel— instead of a mere enumeration P. prefers an ar-~
895
*dvrcAnwets, ‘KuBepyyoes, γένη “yAwoodv- 29. μὴ πάντες ὃ NT. hela;
απόστολοι; μὴ πάντες Ἱπροφῆται; μὴ πάντες 'διδάσκαλοι ; Desay
μὴ πάντες *Suvdpers; 30. μὴ πάντες " χαρίσματα ἔχουσιν * ἰαμά- ο.
των; μὴ πάντες Σγλώσσαις Κλαλοῦσι ; μὴ πάντες Ιδιερμηνεύουσι ; peonedat,
31a. ''ζηλοῦτε δὲ τὰ "χαρίσματα τὰ " κρείττονα.» yi. Prov. i. 5,
k See ver. 10; xiii. 1, 1 xiv. 5, 13, 27;
9 netlLova, SABC, 17, 37, 67**, cod. am. (of vg.), many Gr. Ff. κρειττονα (DG, κρεισσονα) is Western and Syrian.
rangement in order of rank”? (Wr., pp. 710 f.); and this mode of distinction in turn gives place to ἔπειτα, at the point where with δυνάµεις abstract categories {as in 8 ff.) are substituted for the con- crete—a striking instance of P.’s mobility of style; the last three of the series are appended asyndetically.—The nine func- tions of vv. 8 ff. are replaced by ezght, which may be thus classified: (1) three teaching orders, (2) two kinds of miracu- fous, and (3) two of administrative func- tions, with (4) the one notable ecstatic gift. Three are identical in each list —viz., δυνάμεις, χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων, and γένη γλωσσῶν, taking much the same position in both enumerations (see the earlier notes). The apostles, prophets, teachers (ranged in order of the imfort- ance, rather than the affinity of their powers) exercise amongst them the word of wisdom, prophecy, and word of know- ledge—* the Apostles’’ possessing a rich measure of many gifts; these three will be expanded into the five of Eph. iv. 11. The ἑρμηνία γλωσσῶν (το), omitted at this point, appears in the sequel (30) ; and the διάκρισις πνευμάτων (1ο) is tacitly understood as the companion of προφη- tela, while the πίστις of ver. 9 pervades other charisms. Nothing is really want- ing here that belonged to the xapiopara of § 39, while ἀντιλήμψεις and κυβερνή- overs — ‘helpings, governings ’—enrich that previous catalogue; ‘‘helpings”’ stands in apt connexion with ‘heal- ings”. Thetwo added offices became the special functions of the διάκονος and ἐπίσκοπος of a somewhat later time (Phil. i. τὸ cf. Rom. xii. 7 f.).—No trace as yet appears of definite Church organ- isation at Cor.; but the charisms here introduced were necessary to the equip- ment of the Christian Society, and the appointment of officers charged with their “systematic exercise was only a question of time (see Introd., chap. i., p. 732; il. 2.
4). Asort of unofficial ἀντίλημψις and κυβέρνησις is assigned to Stephanas and his family in xvi. 15 f. These vbl. nouns, from ἀντιλαμβάνομαι and κυβερ- νάω, mean by etymology taking hold of (to help) and steering, piloting, respec- tively. The figurative use of the latter is rare outside of poetry; so κυβέρνησις πολίων in Pindar, Pyth., Χ., 112, and in the newly discovered Bacchylides, xiii., 152. ‘*Government” of the Church im- plies a share of the ‘‘ word of wisdom” and ‘‘ knowledge” (8); see r Tim. v. 17, 2 Tim. ii. 2, Tit. 1. 9.—For ἔθετο 6 Θεός, cf. ver. 18: “God appointed (set for Himself) in the church”—meaning the entire Christian Society, with all its “apostles” and the rest. The earliest N.T. example of ἐκκλησία in its ecu- menical sense; see however Matt. xvi. 18, and note on i. 2 above.
Vv. 29, 30. In this string of rhetori- cal questions P. recapitulates once more the charisms, in the terms of ver. 28. He adds now to the γλώσσαις λαλεῖν its complementary διερµηνεύειν (see το, and xiv. 13, etc.: 8a in this vb. im- ports translation); and omits ἀντιλήμ- Ψεις and κυβερνήσεις, for these functions had not taken articulate shape at Cor.: the eight are thus reduced to seven. The stress of these interrogations rests on the seven times repeated all; let prophet, teacher, healer, and the rest, fulfil each contentedly his pépos in the commonwealth of grace, without trench- ing upon or envying the prerogative of another ; ‘‘non omnia possumus omnes ’’, Thus by fit division of labour the effici- ency of the whole body of Christ will be secured and all Church functions duly’ ἀϊδεματρεά.-- δυνάμεις may be nom. (Bg., Hf., Hn., Al., Bt., Gd., El.), in the vein of the foregoing questions —‘“‘are all powers ?”’ (cf. xv. 24, Rom. viii. 38, etc., forthe personification—applied elsewhere, however, to supernatural Powers); but