the New Testament. The word for washing things, as nets, garments, etc., is wAvvo. See Luke v. 2. All three verbs occur in Lev. xv. 11 (Sept.).
11. Who should betray (rév wapadidévra). Lit., him that és betraying. So in Matt. xxvi. 2, the present tense is used, es being betrayed (rrapasiSoras). See on Matt. iv. 12, and compare ampoddrns, betrayer, Luke vi. 16 ; Acts vii. 52; 2 Tim. iii. 4.
12. Was set down (dvarecav). Lit., having reclined. The guests reclined on couches, lying on the left side and leaning on the left hand. The table was in the hollow square or ob- long formed on three sides by the couches, the fourth side being open, and the table extending beyond the ends of the couches.
Know ye (ywreoxere)? Perceive or understand ye?
13. Master (6 SiSdcxanos). Lit., the Teacher. Teacher and Lord were used, according to the Jewish titles rabbi and Mar, corresponding to which the followers were dzsciples or servants.
14. Vour. Inserted in A. V. Better, the Lord and the Master as Rev. Both have the article.
Ought (é¢eirere). The verb means ¢o owe. It occurs several times in John’s Epistles (1 John ii. 6; iii. 16; iv.11; 3 John 8). In the Gospel only here and xix. 7. Compare Luke xvii. 10. In Matthew’s version of the Lord’s prayer occur the two kindred words ddefAnua, debt, and dgpevdrérns, debtor. Jesus here puts the obligation to ministry as a debt under which His disciples are laid by His ministry to them. The word ought is the past tense of owe. el, owght or must (see iii. 7, 14, 30, etc.) ex- presses an obligation in the nature of things ; ddetrew, a special, personal obligation.
15. Example (i7ddevypa). On the three words used in the New Testament for example, brodeuypa, TU7ros, and Setypa, see on 2 Pet. ii. 6; 1 Pet. v. 3; Jude 7.
GOSPEL OF JOHN. 229 16. Verily, verily. See oni. 51; x. 1.
The servant. Noarticle. Better a servant, as Rev., a bond- servant.
He that is sent (drocronos). Lit., an apostle. See on Matt. Xs
17. Happy (“axdpro.). Better, as Rev., blessed. See on Matt. v. 3.
18. | have chosen (é&ercEdunv). Aorist tense, J chose. Not elected to salvation, but chose as an apostle.
That the scripture, etc. (#a). Elliptical. We must supply this choice was made in order that, ete.
Eateth (tpwyev). With the exception of Matt. xxiv. 38, the word occurs only in John. See on vi. 54. Originally it meus to gnaw or crunch ; to chew raw vegetables or fruits, and hence often used of animals feeding, as Homer (“ Odyssey,” vi., 90), of mules feeding. Of course it has lost its original sense in the New Testament, as it did to some extent in classical Greek, though, as applied to men, it more commonly referred to eat- ing vegetables or fruit, as Aristophanes (“ Peace,” 1825) cbxa tpayew, to eat figs. The entire divorce in the New Testament from its primitive sense is shown in its application to the flesh of Christ (vi. 54). It is used by John only in connection with Christ.
Bread with me (ue7’ éuod rov dprov). Some editors read, pov Tov aptov, my bread.
Heel (7répvav). Only here in the New Testament. The metaphor is of one administering a kick. Thus Plutarch, de- scribing the robber Sciron, who was accustomed “out of inso- lence and wantonness to stretch forth his feet to strangers, commanding them to wash them, and then, when they did it, with a kick to send them down the rock into the sea” (“ The- seus”). Some have explained the metaphor by the tripping up