The object is to emphasize, not the sex, but the peculiar quali- ties of masculinity—power and vigor. Rev., @ son, @ man child, Compare John xvi. 21; Jer. xx. 15.
To rule (wowmatvew). Lit., to shepherd or tend. See on Matt. it. 6:
A rod of iron. Compare Ps. ii. 9, and see on ch. ii. 27,
Was caught up (jp7doIn). See on Matt. xii. 12. Compare Acts xxiii. 10; Jude 23.
6. Of God (a70 rod Oeod). Lit., from God, the preposition marking the source from which the preparation came. For a similar use, see Jas. i. 13, “tempted of God.”
7. There was (éyévero). Lit., there arose.
War in heaven. Compare 1 Kings xxii.; Job i,, ii; Zech. iii.; Luke x. 18.
Michael. See Dan. x. 13, 21; xii. 1; and on Jude 9.
Fought (érrounoav). The correct reading is rod rokeuhoas to fight. So Rev., “going forth to war against the dragon (kata Tov Opdkovtos). The correct reading is werd with.
8. Prevailed (¢eyucav). See on Luke xiv. 30; xvi. 3; Jas. Vo LG:
9. The great dragon (0 dpdxwy 6 péyas). Lit., the dragon, the great (dragon).
That old serpent (6 d¢us 6 dpyaios). Lit., the serpent, the old (serpent). For this habitual construction in John, see on 1 John iv. 9. For dpyatos old, see on 1 John ii. 7, and com- pare “he was a murderer dm’ apyfs from the beginning,” John viii. 44; apyn beginning being etymologically akin to dpyaios old
524 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. The Devil. See on Matt. iv. 1. Satan. See on Luke x. 18.
The deceiver (6 tAavav). Lit., he that deceweth. See on 1 John i. 8.
World (oicoupévnv). See on Luke ii.1. The world with all its inhabitants.
Down to (eis). Lit., into.
10. Saying in heaven (Aéyousay év 7G otpavg). The cor- rect reading joins in heaven with great voice. So Rev. if heard a great voice in heaven.
Now (apzs). See on John xiii. 33.
Is come (éyévero). Lit., came to pass. Alford says: “ It is impossible in English to join to a particle of present time, such as dptt now, a verb in aoristic time. We are driven to the per- fect in such cases.
Salvation, power, the kingdom. All have the article: the salvation, ete. So Rev. The phrase, now zs come the salvation, etc., means that these are realized and established. Some, less correctly, render, now 2s the salvation, etc., become our God's. Compare Luke iii. 6.
Power (éfouc/a). See on Mark ii. 10. Rev., authority.
The accuser of our brethren (6 Katzyopos Tay adeAdav fyuov). The correct form of the Greek for accuser is a tran- script of the Rabbinical Hebrew, «at7ywp. The Rabbins had a corresponding term ovriywp for Michael, as the advocate of God’s people. The phrase is applied to Satan nowhere else in the New Testament.
Is cast down («ateBAj9n). The aorist tense. Once and for all. Compare John xii. 31; xvi. 8, 11.