eimply refer to the days of Zerubbabel's temple, 8till tl ,at later practice must point back to some earlier form of national representation. 1 Every sabbath the daily burnt offering was doubled night and morning (Numb. xxvliL 9, 10), On the first day of every month, or on the new moon as it was called, two young ·bullocks, a r.am, and seven lambs, with the prescribed meal and drink offerings, were -ordered to be offered, in addition to the continuous burnt offering; a kid was also to be killed for a sin offering (Numb. :uviii.11-15). The new moon was also emphasized by a rousing blast upon the silver trumpets (Numb. x. 10). Further, on the new moon of the seventh month, dignified pre-eminently with the name of the Feaat of the Blast ,of Trumpets, an additional burnt offering was to be made of a bullock, a ram, and -seven lambs, in addition, that is, to the offering of the month and the daily burnt offering (eh. xxiii. 23-25; Numb. nix. 1-6). 2, 7'he festal offerings. Following the order of the Levitical calendar, the several festal or solemn seasons were Passover, the Paschal Feast, and Pentecost (or the Passover cycle), and the Day of Atonement, followed by the Feaat of Tabernacles {or the cycle of the seventh month). The Paasover cycle. Even in the first celebration or the Passover, amidst all the :idolatry and hardship or Egypt, there were features of sacrificial import. It was by Divine command that a lamb or kid, e. male and physically immaculate, had been -sle.in at sunset in every household, the sacred blood having been sprinkled with hyssop upon the posts and lintels of the front door. Also it was by Divine command that the victim was roasted whole, and hastily partaken of with loins girt and staff in han d Thus two features-the blood ritual and the sacred feast-were not without their ·sacrificial reference, And this reference was made yet more distinct when the per- petual celebration of the Passover was enjoined under e.ltered conditions, and when the solemn feast of expectation became the solemn feast of reminiscence. Instead of being slain at home, the Paschal lamb was to be slain in the court of the tabernacle, and instead of being sprinkled upon the doorway of the offerer, it was to be sprinkled upon the altar of burnt offering (comp. Exod. xii; Deut. xvi. 1-8; 2 Chron. llL 16 ; xxx:v. 11; e.lso Exod. xi.ii. 3-10; xxxiv. 18-21; eh. xxi.ii. 4-8; Numb. ix. 1-14; xxvili 16-25). On the morning e.fter the Pe.sche.l Supper, namely, on the fifteenth of the finit month, the Paschal Fee.st commenced. It lasted seven days, the first day e.nd the last par- taking of the che.racter of a sabbath; that is to say, work being interdicted, e.nd a public e.ssembly of the people e.t the one place of worship enjoined. This feast is known under two ne.mes. It is most frequently called in the Pentateuch the Feast of Unleavened Bread, from the circumste.nce the.t none but such bread was eaten by .command throughout its course. It is once designated the Feast of the Passover in the Penta.tench. In after times these names were retained, At this feast, in addition to the abstention from leaven-itself of sacrificie.l significance-a. peculiar ritual was ordered to be observed. Every day, e.fter the offering of the custome.ry burnt offering, e. further offering by fire was me.de. Two bullocks, e. ram, e.nd seven lambs, with their accompe.nying mee.l and drink offerings, were to constitute the festal burnt offering, and one goe.t the sin offering; these offerings being repeated every day of the feast. The second de.y of the feast was also che.racterized by an e.dditione.l act, not e. little curious. Being the time of early harvest, e. sheaf of the firstfruits was brought to the priest, who " we.ved" it before the Lord, presenting at the same time a le.mb for a burnt offering, 1 Bee Oarpzov, • Appe.ratus Historioo-Critlous Antiqnitatum Gentis Hebraic111' (1748),
pp. 1091 110. Oomp. Keil, 'Handbuch dor Bibi. Arch&olotfie,' seot. 76, 1, vi THE LEVI1'ICAL SACRIFICES LITERALLY CONSIDERED.