advisable to speak of meal ofl'erings, not meat offerings. These offerings were the Levitioal vegetable sacrifices, and were preceded, with two exceptions-the daily offer- ing of the high priest and that which was substituted by the poor for the burnt offering-by some form of blood 1180ri.fice, either a buint offering or a peace offering. " They consisted of fine wheaten flour, or of cakes of the same, variously prepared with oil, 8000rding to the culinary arts of the Jews, BODle being baked in a small oven like the Arab's tannur, some being prepared on plates, and some in a skillet; they also occasionally consisted of roasted ears of corn. To all these 'meat offerings' oil and salt were added, and to those which consisted of flour or grain incense also. . . . The ritual of presentation wasJvery simple. The offerer brought the offering to the priest., who took a handful of the meal and oil with the incense, and burnt them on the altar, the remainder falling to the priest as 'a thing most holy.'" 3. Certain modi.ficationa of the two previow classea enjoined under special circum- stancea, Not merely did the Law contain directions for individual sacrifices such as have been.already described, but some specific adaptations were enjoined of the sacri- ficial ritual, in order to expressly connect certain states of mind and body with the scenic worship of the sanctuary. The occasion for these modified forms of ritual wern the following; they are simply named for the most part, and the references given to the Law for fuller details:- Upon contact with tJ corpse (see Numb, xiL and comp. 'Scriptural Doctrine of Sacrifice,' p. 74). Upon the cure of tJ leper. The purification of a restored leper was divided into two series of acts performed after an interval of seven days, being at both times a modified sacrificial ritual (comp. eh. xiv, and' Scriptural Doctrine of Sacrifice,' p. 75). Aftm parturition. The mother who had recovered from childbirth must present herself with a sacrifice at the altar (see eh, xii. 1-8). After cessation of derangement of sea;ual organs (see eh. xv. 1-15; 25-30), In connection with the Nazarite vow, This vow of abstinence and continency was itself a form of sacrifice. It was also directly associated with the sacrificial ritual. Upon any unintentional defilement of a Nazarite by sudden death in his company, an offering was to be made of two doves, or pigeons, by way of atonement, and a lamb was to be .brought as a trespass offering. There Wa/il also a peculiar rite to celebrate the expiry of his vow (comp, Numb. vi. 13-21). .At the so-called trial of jealousy, a solemn ordeal, by which conjugal infidelity was submitted to an awful sacrificial test. The suspicious husband brought the wife to the priest, together with an offering of barley meal, without oil or incense. The ordeal was this, The priest, taking some holy water from the laver, apparently in an earthen vessel in which he had mixed a little dust from the sacred court, and placing the meal in the woman's hand, eware the woman according to an appalling formula, to which he says, " Amen, amen." Further, he wrote the formula in a book, and, having blotted it out with the holy water, caused the woman to drink the water. Nor was the ordeal even yet complete. There was a subsequent waving of the meal before the Lord, a burning of it upon the altar, and a second potation of the holy water. With this result, .the thigh of the perjured woman rotted (see Numb. v. 11-31).
B, SCRIPTURAL PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO THE ELUCIJ)ATION OP THE LEVITICAL SACRIFICES. To the Christian mind, accustomed to accept instinctivdy as fundamental postulates the spirituality and universality of worship, it might well seem at first sight that so costly and complicated a ritnal as has jnst been described was something less than .'...ii THE LEVITICAL SACRIFICES LITERALLY CONSIDERED,