EXPOSITION. such offering should be presented it B certain CHAPTER vn condition were fulfilled. Voluntary offer- CONTINUATION OP THE SUPPLEMENTAL ings differ from votive offerings by not BEOULATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE PRIESTS, having been previously vowed, and from BEBPEOTING THE BITUAL OP THE SAOBIFIOES. thank offerings by not having reference to any special mercy received. The thank This chapter treats of the ritual of the offering mnst be eaten by the offerer and trespass offering and the peace offerings, his friends, on the same day that it was as the last chapter treated of that of the offered; the votive and the voluntory offer- burnt offering, the meat offering, and the sin ings, whioh were inferior to the thnnk offer- offering. The LXX. ver:!ion attaches the ing in sanctity, on the same day or the next, The reason why a longer time wns first ten verses of this chapter to eh. vi., not given probably was that tho more the beginning eh. vii. with our ver. 11. meal was delayed, the Jess would a religious Vers. 1-6.-Further ritual of the trespass chnraoter be attached to it. The necessity offering (see note on eh. v. 14). It is to be of o. quiok consumption also took awo.y the noted that the blood of the trespass offering temptation of acting grudgingly towards is not to be placed on the horns of the alto.r, those with whom the feast might be shared, as was the rule in the ordinary sin offering, and it likewise precluded the danger of but cast against the inner side of the altar, the flesh becoming corrupted. If o.ny of the as in the burnt offering and peace offering. flesh remained till the third dny, it wns to The rump in ver. 3 should be translated tail, be burnt with fire; if eaten on that day, it as in oh. iii. 9. should not be aooepted or imputed unto him Vera. 7-10 contain a general precept that offered, that is, it should not be re- or note as to the priests' portion in the sin garded as a saorifice of sweet savour to God, offoring, trespa.sa offering, burnt offering, but an ahominntion (literolly, a stench), and and meat offering. The officinting priest whoever ate it should bear his iniquity, was to have the flesh of the trespass oft'oring tho.t is, should be guilty of o.n offence, and of the sin offering (except the fat bumt requiring, probably, a sin offering to a.tone for on the altar), and the akin of the burnt offer- it. The bread gift nocompanying the o.nimnl ing nnd the cooked meat offerings (except encriflce wo.s to consist of three kinds of the memo1-ial burnt on the altar), while the unleavened cakes, and one co.ke of lenvened mcnt offerings of flour and of pnrohed grains, bread, and one out of the whole oblation, which could be kept longer, were to be the that is, one oake of ench kind, wns to be property of the priestly body iu general, all offered by heaving and then given to the sons of Aaron, ... one as much as another. the officiating priest, the remaining cnkes The skins of the peace offerings were re- forming o. po.rt of the offerer's fesLive meo.1. tained by the offerer (' Mishna, Sebach,' If any one took pnrt of a feo.st on a peace 12, 3). offering while in a etnte of Levitical un- Vere. 11-21.-Further ritual of the peace cleo.nnese, he was to be out off from his offering (see note on eh. iii. 1). There are people, tho.t is, excommunicated, without three sorts of peace offoring,-tho.nk offerings permission to recover immediate communion (vers. 12-15), votive offeringe,and voluntary by offering a sin offering. St. Po.ul joined offerings (vere. 16-18). Of these, the thank in a votive offering (Acts xxi. 26). offerings were made in thankful memorial for Vere. 22-27.-Repetition of the prohibi- past mercies ; votive offerings were made tion of eating the fat and the blood, ndJressed in fulfilment of a vow previously taken, that to the people in the midst of the instructio111 102 THE BOOK OF LEVITICUS. [c11. vn. 1-38.
to the priests. Ye llhell eat no manner of fat crated to God's eervioe. The right sho11lder must be taken to mean none of the fat was most probably the hind leg, perhaps already specified, that is, the internal fat, the haunch. The Hebrew word is generally and, in the case of the sheep, the tail. It ia translated "leg" (Dent. :xxviii. 85; Pe. uncertain whether the law as to fat was oxlvii. 10). Thie part was the perquisite regarded as binding upon the Israelites of the officiating priest; the waved breast after they had settled in Palestine. Pro- was given to the priests' common stock. bably it was silently abrogated; but the Afterwards an addition was me.de to the prohibition of blood was undoubtedly per- priests' portion (Deut. xviii. 3 ; see 1 Cor. petual (Deut. xii. 16), and it is based on a ix. 13). principle which does not apply to the fat Vere. 35, 36.-Conolnsion of the section. (eh. xvii 11). This is the portion of the anointing of Aaron, Vars. 28-34.-Continue.tion of the ritual and of the anointing of his sons, may be of the peace offerings (see note on oh. iii. 1). translated simply, This is the portion of The equal dignity of the pee.oe offerings Aaron, and the portion of his sons, as the with the other offerings is vindicated by word " mischah " will bear the meaning of the command that the offerer shell bring it portion as well as of anointing. This with his own hands, whereas it might have rendering, however, is not necessary, o.s it been regarded as merely the constituent was the anointing of Aaron and his sons part of a feast, and so sent by the hand that entitled them to these portions. of a servant. The breast and the right Vere. 37, 38.-Conclusion of Part I. The ahoulder were to be waved and heaved (for law of the burnt offering is contained in "heaved" does not merely mean" taken off," oh. i. 1-17; vi. 8-13: of the meat offering, as some have said). The waving consisted of in oh. ii. 1-16; vi. 14-23: of the sin offer- the priest placing his hands beneath those ing, in eh. iv. 1-35; v. 1-13; vi. 24-30: of the offerer who held the piece to be waved, of the trespass offering, in oh. v. 14-19; vi. and moving them slowly backwards and 1-7; vii. 1-6: oftheooneeoratione, in eh. forwards before the Lord, to and from the vi.19-23, supplementing Exod. xxix. 1-37: altar; the heaving was performed by slowly of the saori1loe of the peace offerings, in lifting the pieces heaved upwards and down- eh. iii. 1-17; vii. 11-21; 28-34. To- wards. The movements were made to show gether, the sacrifices tee.eh the lessons of that the pieces, though not burnt on the self-surrender, loyalty, atonement, satisfac- altar, were yet ill a specie.I manner conse- tion, dedication, peace.