The Pulpit Commentary — Genesis — Section 233

whonco they eoem to ha.ve oprerid themselves Murphy, 'S.Peaker's Commentary'); but both over Europa ns for wost as the Atlantic, are uncertnm (Keil). And Togarme.h. Men- loaving traces of their presence in the Cimbri tioned again in Ezek. xxvii. 14 ; xxxviii. 6; of North Gennnny a.nd the Cymri in Wa.les the Phrygians (Josephus), the Cappadocians (Keil, Lange, Murphy, Wordsworth, 'Speak- (Bochart), the Armenians (lrlichaclis, Gcse- or's Commentnry '). And Magog. A fierce niusJ. Rosenmiiller), the Taurian~, inhabiting 1tnd wa.rliko people presided over by Gog (an the Grimea (Kalisch). The tradition preserved appellative name, liko the titles Pharaoh and by Moses Chorensis, tha.t the ancestor of the Cresar, nnd corresponding with the Turkish .Annenians was the son of Thorgom, the son Chak, the Tnrtnnan Kak, and the Mongo- of Gomer, is commonl1 regarded aa deciding lian Gog: Kalisch), whose complete destruc- the question. tion wns predicted by Ezekiel (chs. xxxviii. Ver. 4.-And the sons ofJa.va.n; Elieha.h. xxxix.) ; generally understood to be the Scy- The isles of Elishah arc praised by Ezekiel thians, whose territory Jay upon the borders of (x:xvii. 7) for their blue and purple ; sup- the sea of Asoph, and in the Caucasus. In the posed to have been Elis in the Peloponnesus, Apocalypso (eh. xx. 8-10) Gog and Magog famous for its purple dyes (Bochart) ; 1Eolis appear as two distinct nations combined (Josephus, Knobel); Hellas (i\Iichaelis, Ro- against the Church of God. And Madai. senmiiller, Kalisch) ; without doubt a mari- The inhabitants of Media (Mada in the cunei- time people of Grecian stock ('Speaker's Com- form inscriptions), so called because believed mentary'). And Ta.rshish. Tarsus in Cilicia to be sit11ated 11'Epi µ,u71v .-,jv 'Auiav (Polyb. (Josephus); but rather Tartessus in Spain v. 44) on the south-west shore of the Caspian. (Eusebius, Michaelis, Bochart, Kalisch). Bib- And Ja.van. Identical with 'Iawv (Greek), lical notices represent Tarshish as a wealthy Javana (Sanscrit), Juna (Old Persian), Jou- and .flourishing seaport town towards the west nan (Rosetta Stone); allowed to be the (vide 1 Kings x. 22; Ps. xlviii. 7 ; lxxii 10 ; father of the Greeks, who in Scripture a1e Isa. Ix. 9; 1xvi 19; Jer. x. 9 ; Ezek. xxvii. styled Javan (vide Isa. !xvi. 19; Ezek. 12). Kittim. Chittim (Num. xxiv. 24); xxvii. 13 ; Dan. viii. 21 ; x. 20 ; Joel iii. 6). Citium in Cyprus (Josephus), though latterly And Tubal, and Muhech. Generally asso- the name appears to have been extended to ;iated in Sc_~pture as ti-i~utaries of M3:gog Citium in Macedonia (Alexander the Great \Ezek. x.xxvu1. 2, 3 ; X.."'l:XlX. 1); recogmsed is called the king of Chittim, l lrlacc. i. 1 ; as the Iberians and Moschi in the north of viii. 5), and the colonies which settled on Armenia, between the sources of the Tigris the shores of Italy and Greece (Bochart, and Euphrates, and the Bia.ck Sea (Josephus, Keil, Kalisch). Isa. x:xiii. 1, 12 ; Dan. xi. Knobel, Lange, Kalisch). And Tira.s. The 30 describe it as a maritime people. And ancestor of the Thracians (Josephus), of the Dode.nim. Dordona in Epirus (Mich:1elis, Tyrrheni, a branch of the Pelasgians (Tuch), Rosenmiiller); the Dardanians, or Trojans of the Asiatic tribes round the Taurus (Gesenius) ; the Daunians of South Italy (Kalisch), in support of which last is a cir- (Kalisch); the Rhodani in Gau.I, reading cumstance mentioned by Rawlinson, that en as in 1 Chron. i 7 (Bochart). Josephus the old Egyptian monuments Mashuash omits the name, lllld Seri ptme does not and Tuirash, and upon the Assyrian Tubal again mention it. and Misek, stand together ns hero, Tiras Ver. 5. -By these were the isles of the occurs nowhere else in Sclipture. Gentiles. Sea-washed coasts as well ns Ver. 3.-And the sons of Gomer; Ash- islands proper (cf. Isa. xiii. 4 with Matt. kenM. Axenus, the ancient name of tho xii. 21 ). Isaiah (eh. x.x. 6) sty Jes Cannan Euxine, is supposed to favour Phrygia end lll1 islo (cf. Peloponnesus). Tho expression Bithynia ns the loco.Iity possessed by Aske- signifies mnritime countries. Divided in naz (13ochnrt); Iskus, equivnlent to Ask, their lands ; every one e.fter his tongue. Ascanios, tho oldest son of the Germanic Indicating a. time posterior to the building ]lfannus, to point out Germany ns his abode of Babel (eh. ::i:i. 1). After their families.. (Jewish commentators); but Jer. Ii. 27 'Ev rai~ 'f>v;\aic aurwv (LXX.); in their tribes seems to indicate the region between the or cla.ns, 11 lesser subdivision than the ne::i:t. Euxine o.nd the Caspian. Kalisch, following lu their nations. The division here ex- Josephus, identifies the no.me with the ancient hibited is fourfold: (1) geogrnphical, (2) dia- town Rhagm, one dny's journey to the south lectical, (3) tribal, and (4) nntionn.l. The first of tho Caspian. Murphy and Poole, on the de.fines the terl'itory occupied, and the second authority of Diodorus Sicu.lus, believe the the language spoken by the J aphethites ; the Germans mny have been 11 colouy of tho third their immediate descent, ond the fourth Ashkeninns. And Riphe.th. Diphath (1 the nntional group to which they sevornlly Ohron. i. 6)-the Pnphlagonians (Josephus) ; belonged. more genera.Hy the tribes nbout the Riphronn V~r. 6.-And the sons of Ham. 'l'hcso mounto.ins, on the norl.h of the Caspian who occupy the second place, thnt the list :KnPbol, l\ 1Hsol1, Cieri cns, Rosonmi.illol', might conclude with the Shemites as the  158 1'HE DOOK OF G ~~F.SlS. [CR. X. 1--81