EXPOSITION, Ver. 16.-And the fame thereof-literally, land meant either the richest and most fertile the voice, hence rumour (cf. Jer. iii. 9)-was portion of it (Lange, Kalisch), or the best heard in Pharaoh's house (having been and choicest of its productions (Geseniua, brought thither doubtless by some of the Keil). Cf. Deut. xxxii. 14; Ps. cxlvii. 14. Court officials), Hying, Jo■ eph's brethren Vers. 19, 20.-Now thou art commanded, -it is probable that they would style him this do ye ;-an apostrophe to Joseph, Pha- Zaphna.th-paaneah (cf. eh. xii. 46) - a.re raoh manifestly regarding the co.use of Joseph come (i. e. a.re arrived in Egypt) : e.nd it o.nd his brethren o.s one (Rosenmiiller, Keil, pleased Phare.oh well, and his servants Lange, and others)-take you wagons out or -literally, it was good in the eyes of Pha- the le.nd of 'Egypt~the carriages here re- raoh, and in the eyes of hu servants (cf. eh. xli 37). The LXX. render i)("P'I J; <Papaw; ferred to (n1'W, from '~V to roll) were smnll the Vulgate, gavisus est Pharao, i. e. Pha- two-wheeled vehicle6suito.blefora flat country raoh was glad. like Egypt, or for traversing roadless deserts. Vers. 17, 18.-And Pharaoh se.id unto They were usually drawn by cattle, and em- Joseph, Say unto thy brethren, This do ye; ployed for carrying agricultural protluce. lade your beasts, e.nd go, get you unto the Herodotus mentions a four-wheeled car which le.nd of Ce.ne.e.n; and take your father and was used for transporting the shrine u.nd your households, e.nd come unto me. This image of a deity (ii. 63 ; vide Rawlinson's may have been an independent invitation edition, end note by Sir G. Wilkinson)- given by the _Eg_yptian king t~ Joseph's for your little ones, and for your wives, and relatives ; but 1t 16 more than likely that bring your father, e.nd come. Pharaoh mennt Joseph had already told him of the proposal them to understand that they had not only he had made to hi.a brethren, and that he Joseph'e invitation, but his (Pharaoh's) corn• here receives a royal confirmation of the mandment, to encourage them to undertake same). And I will give you the good of the 60 serious o. project as the removal of their le.nd of Egypt,-i. e. the best part of the households to Egypt. Also regard not your land, viz., Goshen (Rosenmiiller, Lange, and stuff-literally, and your e?Jes shall not (i. e. others) ; though the phrase is probably let them not) grieve for your utensils (i. e. synonymous with thll-t which follows-and ye articles of domestic furniture), although you sh1tll ee.t the fat of the land. The fot of the should require to leave them behind (LXX., OH. XLV. 16-28.] THE BOOK OF GENESIS. 499
HosenmiHler, Keil, Kalisch, Lange, ee alii). nias, Kalisch) it is regarded as II dissuasivo The rcncloring of the Vulgate, nee dimiteaeia against fear of any future plot on the part of qiiicquid de supellectili veBtra, conveys a Joseph. meaning exactly the opposite of the true one, Vers. 25-28.-And they went up out of which is thus correctly expressed by Dathius: Egypt, and came into the land of Canaan Nee regi·eferrentjacturam supellectilis sure. unto le.cob their father, and told him, For the good of all the land of Egypt is saying_, J'oaeph is yet alive, and he (literally, yours-literally, to you it (sc. shall belong). and tMt he; an emphatic assurance which Ver. 21.-And the children (better, sons) Keil, following Ewald, renders by" yea," and of Israel did so: and J"oseph gave them Kalisch by "indeed") is governor over all wagons, according to the commandment the land of Egypt. And J"acob'a (literally, (literally, the mouth) of :Pharaoh, and gave Ms, i. e. Jacob's) heart fainted (literally, them provision for the way. grew chill, the primary idea of the root Ver. 22.-To all of them he gave each being that of rigidity through coldness ; cf. '11'7J"'(VVw, to be rigid, and pigeo, rigeo,fri,geo, man changes of raiment ;-literally, altera- tions of garments, i. e. changes or suits of to be chill. The sense is that Jacob's heart dress (Judges xiv. 12, 13 ; 2 Kings v. 5) ; seemecl to stop with amazement at the tidings probably dress clothes for special occasions which his sons brought), for he believed them (Keil, Lange, Murphy); c,17aac aro"-dc not. This was scarcely a case of believing (LXX.) ; binas stolas (Vulgate)-but (liter- not for joy (Bush), but rather of incredulity ally, and) to Benjamin he gave-not to make arising from suspicion1 both of the messengers amends for having given him a fright (Lange), and their message, which was only removed but as a special token of fraternal affection by further explanation, and in particular by (Murphy)-three hundred pieces of silver,- the sight of J oseph's splendid presents and literally, three hundred of silver (cf. eh. commodious carnages. And they told him xliii. 44)-and five changes of raiment- all the words of J"oseph, which he had said which renders it probable that the brothers unto them:-i. e. about Joseph's invitation only received two. and promise, (vere. 9-11) - and when ha saw the wagons-probably royal vehicles Ver. 23.-And to his father he sent after (Wordsworth)-which J"oseph had sent to this manner; ten asses (vide eh. xii. 16) carry him, the spirit of J'acob their father laden with (literally, carrying) the good revived (literally, lived; it having boen things of Egypt, and ten she asses laden previously numb and cold, as if dead) : and with (or carrying) corn and bread and meat Israel said,-the change of name here is -probably prepared meats, some sort of significA.Dt. The sublime theocratic design- delicacy (Clarke)-for his father by the way. ation, which had dropped into obscmity Ver. 24.-So (literally, and) he sent his during the period of tho old mnn's son-ow brethren away, and they departed: and he for his lost son, revives with the resuscitntion said unto them, See that ye fall not out by of his dead hope (cf. eh. xliii. 6)-It is the way. The verb tn signifies to be enough (one word, ns if expressing his com- moved or disturbed with any violent emotion, placent satisfaction) ; Joseph my son is yet but in particular with anger (Prov. xxix. 9 ; alive (this is the one thought that fills his Is1t. xxviii. 21 ; cf. Snnscr. rag, to move one- aged heart) : I will go down-" The old man self, Gr. opy11, anger, Lat. frango, Ger. is young again in spirit ; ho is for ~oing im- 1·egen), and is here generally understood as mediately ; he could leap ; yes, fly" (L1tnge) an nclmonition against quarrelling (LXX., -and see him (a sight of Joseph would ba µI) 6pyil;,a6, ; Vulgote, ne frasc-iinini ample compensation for 1111 the years of sor- (Calvin, Dathius, Rosenmiiller, Keil, Mur- row he hnd passed through) before I die. phy, Longe, .Alford, et alii), although by He would then be ready to he gathered to others (Tuch, Baumgarten, Michaelis, Gese- his fathers. -